Mavuto ndi gloxinia: bwanji kuda, kuuma, kuvunda ndi masamba sikutseguka?

Maluwa okongola a masamba obiriwira ndi 10-30 mitundu yowala - izi ndizosiyana za gloxinia. Kubzala kunyumba kumachokera ku South America. Zomwe zimafunikira zimatsatira mwakhama zikhalidwe. Kusiyanitsa kwa miyambo ya ulimi wothirira, kudyetsa, kutentha ndi zina zotsogolera kumabweretsa mavuto.

M'nkhaniyi mutha kupeza chifukwa chake masamba a mbeu samatsegula kapena kuuma asanatungunuke, komanso mavuto ena ndi njira zothetsera. Kodi mungapange bwanji zofunikira pa maluwa okongola a gloxinia?

Makhalidwe ndi maonekedwe

Nthawi ya maluwa ya Gloxinia imayamba mu March ndipo imatha miyezi 2-3. Pambuyo pawotchi yoyamba, mutha kuchoka pamwamba pamtunda, ndikulimbikitsanso maluwa. Maluwawo ndi osakwatiwa, aliyense akukula payekha phesi la maluwa. Maonekedwe a halo ndi ofiira, ofunika.

Kujambula mitundu ya mitundu yosiyanasiyana:

• monophonic - violet, pinki, yoyera, yofiira;
• calico - chimake chachikulu chimaphatikizapo mazenera aang'ono;
• mzere wosiyana-siyana - woyera pa chifiira chofiira, kapezi woyera;
• khosi la maluwa liri lodzaza kapena lowala.

Maluwa aakulu a terry mitundu ndi m'mimba mwake mpaka 12 masentimita amachititsa peduncle. Ichi ndi chikhalidwe chachibadwa.

Maluwawo ndi okongola, m'mphepete mwa maluwawo amadzaza ndi wavy kapena mapepala. Mu corolla muli 4 stamens ndi pistil, ndi zina annular.

Zimayambitsa ndi njira zothetsera mavuto omwe ali nawo

Pamene agrotechnics imaphwanya kulima gloxinia, pali mavuto ndi masamba. Kufufuzira mwamsanga zomwe zimayambitsa ndi kuthetsa zolakwa kudzathandiza kubwezeretsa thanzi la zomera. Mukhoza kupeza chifukwa chake gloxinia sichimasintha ndi momwe angapangitsire masamba otulutsa apa.

Nchifukwa chiyani samasamba?

Choyamba ndi kuyang'ana maluwa. Kukhalapo kwa mawanga pa masamba kumasonyeza matenda a fungal (onetsetsani za matenda omwe ali m'magulu a gloxinia ndi momwe amachitira, awerenge m'nkhani zathu). Amachizidwa ndi fungicides.

Kuchedwa kuchepa kumayambitsa kuyang'ana kwa tizilombo - tizilombo toyambitsa matenda kapena akangaude (za tizirombo ndi matenda zomwe zingathe kuwononga gloxinia, komanso njira zothandizira, zingapezeke pano). Tizilombo timayamwa timene timapuma, timachepetsa kukula kwake.

Pambuyo poona malo osunthira kapena tsamba la kangaude m'munsi mwa masamba, gloxinia ndiyekha. Chithandizo cha tizilombo "Aktara", "Fitoverm" adzathetsa tizirombo.

Mavuto ena:

• Condensatechifukwa cha kusintha kwakukulu kwa kutentha m'chipinda. Chifukwa cha zinyontho zimakhala pamodzi. Thandizani maluwa kuti atsegule, pogwiritsa ntchito burashi.
• Kupanda kuwala. Chizindikiro chodziwika - masamba amachotsedwa. Muyenera kusuntha mphika kuwindo lina sungani kapena kutsegula nyali.
• Kutentha kapena kutentha. Kutentha kwakukulu kwa zomwe zilipo ndi 18-20 °, kupatuka kwa izo kumapangitsa kuti pang'onopang'ono zamasamba zisinthe.
• Mpweya wouma. Kuperewera kwa chinyezi m'mlengalenga kungapindulitsidwe ndi kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa pafupi ndi chomera (popanda kugwa pa masamba). Njira ina ndiyo kukhazikitsa palulo ndi miyala yowonongeka kapena moss.
• Kupanda mphamvu. Ndi kusowa kwa zakudya, gloxinia amadya masamba. Njira yothetsera vutoli ndikuika gloxinia mu nthaka yatsopano, kuwonjezera chakudya.

Chizindikiro! Chophimba chomwe chili ndi gloxinia sayenera kulembedwa, izi zimayambitsa vuto la maluwa.

Mavidiyo odziwa bwino chifukwa chake masamba a gloxinia samasamba:

Sakani

Nthaŵi zambiri, kutsegula kwa sepals, mtola wobiriwira umakhala m'malo mwa Mphukira. Patapita nthawi, peduncle imatha ndipo imatha.

Pali zifukwa zingapo zomwe zimayambitsa maluwa osabereka:

• kusunga tuber pamalo ozizira;
• kusowa kwa zakudya m'nthaka kapena acidity ya nthaka;
• achinyamata kapena achikulire tuber.

Kukonzekera kovomerezeka mu nthaka yatsopano ya michere. Netherflower yadulidwa, patapita kanthawi padzakhala zatsopano mapesi mapesi. Kulimbikitsa kukula kudzathandiza kuthetsa "Epin."

Makhada akuda

Mphukira imakhala yakuda ndi youma mu nthaka yosauka, ndi kutsika kwa mpweya, chifukwa cha kusefukira kwa nthaka. Chosatheka chosankha chisasankhidwe chosasankhidwa cha acidity m'nthaka.

1. Pangani nthaka ndi imodzi mwa fungicides ("Fitosporin", "Fundazol").
2. Zonjezerani chinyezi mu chipinda - yikani chimbudzi, chotengera ndi madzi.
3. Sakanizani zouma zazomera.
4. Thirani maluwa mumtunda watsopano. Kukonzekera kukula kwa "Epin". Kuchuluka kwa acidity ya nthaka ndi 6-6.5 pH.
5. Tetezani maluwa kuchokera ku dzuwa, ndikuwotchera kutentha.

Yanika

Nchifukwa chiyani masamba akuuma? Chifukwa chachikulu chokhalira ndi kuyatsa kolakwika. Kulephera kwa kuwala ndi kuwala kwa dzuwa kumangowononga zomera. Zifukwa zina:

• mpweya wouma, wochuluka mu chipinda;
• zojambula;
• otsika kapena otentha;
• nthaka yosadulidwa;
• kusowa kwa chinyezi;
• kangaude

Vuto lirilonse liri ndi yankho lake lomwe.:

1. Kuonjezera mlingo wa chinyezi m'nyumba kapena molunjika pafupi ndi gloxinia.
2. Sungani mlengalenga, koma peŵani ma drafts.
3. Sinthani kutentha kwa ntchito yabwino (18-20 °).
4. Dyetsani supplemental mchere feteleza. Bwerezani ndondomekoyi sabata iliyonse.
5. Imwani nyembayo mutangomaliza pamwamba pa nthaka.
6. Kangaude ndi imodzi mwa zifukwa za budding. Zizindikiro za kukhalapo kwake - ziphuphu pamasamba. Kawirikawiri tizilombo timapezeka pa intaneti pa masamba. Zidzathandiza kuwononga ndalama "Aktellik", "Fitoverm." Ndi zofunika kuchita 2-3 mankhwala.

Video yokhudzana ndi zomwe zimayambitsa kuyanika kwa gloxinia:

Kutembenuza

Maluwa otembenuka amatembenukira bulauni, ofewa ndi onyowa. Vuto limakhalapo pogwiritsira ntchito feteleza ndi mavitamini apamwamba. Komanso kuvunda kumawonekera pambuyo pa waterlogging. Kutenga ndi kachilombo ndi bowa sikungathetsedwe. Zomwe angasunge chomera:

1. Kuchotsa mbali zovunda za gloxinia.
2. Kuchuluka kwa mankhwala a tuber ndi Fitosporin, Readzol, ndi Maxim kukonzekera.
3. Kuyang'ana nthaka chinyezi, kukana kumwa mpaka gawo lapansi liume.
4. Dziwani kuti acidity ya nthaka, ngati ili pamwamba, ikani malo.
5. Sankhani feteleza ndi phosphorous ndi potaziyamu.

Njira zothandizira

• Top dressing zomera phosphate-potashi feteleza.
• Kugwirizana ndi zikhalidwe zomangidwa m'nthaka: Kuthira moyenera, kudya kovuta, kuyatsa bwino (momwe angamere ndi kudyetsa chomera?).
• Sakanizani tuber pambuyo pa nthawi yayitali mu gawo lapansi latsopano.
• Gwiritsani ntchito mankhwala "Epin" kapena "Zircon" pofuna kulimbikitsa chitukuko ndi kupititsa patsogolo chitetezo chokwanira.

Mkhalidwe wa maluwa ambiri

Kufikira kutalika maluwa ndi masamba aakulu, owala kwambiri amalola kusamalira bwino pamene mukukula gloxinia.

1. Pa nthawi ya budding amapereka dzuwa lalikulu kwa maola 12-14. Pewani kuwala kwa dzuwa. Ndi kusowa kwa kuunika kwachilengedwe kukugwirizanitsa nyali. Miphika imayikidwa patali kuchokera kwa wina ndi mzake, ndi maluwa ambiri akufooka.
2. Chinthu chachiwiri chofunika kwambiri - dothi losakanikirana la nthaka m'malo opumira gloxinia. Oyenera okonzeka chilengedwe osakaniza zochokera peat ndi Kuwonjezera wa vermiculite. Kupanga chakudya sabata iliyonse. Ovomerezeka mankhwala "Kemira Lux".
3. Kuthirira nthawi zonse, koma popanda chinyezi chokhazikika. Madzi amatha kutentha. Madzi akumwamba amathirira pamphepete mwa mphika, pewani kuswa masamba pamasamba (mukhoza kuphunzira momwe mungasankhire chophika cha gloxinia, komanso za momwe mungabzalidwe ndi kuthirira mbewu).

Pambuyo pa nyengo ya zamasamba gloxinia imapereka zifukwa za maholide ozizira (zomwe mungachite mutatha kulemba gloxinia, werengani pano, ndipo mukhoza kuphunzira za zomwe zimachitika m'nyengo yozizira apa). Kusamba kumachepetsedwa, kuchuluka kwa kuwala kukucheperachepera, kuvekanso kwina kumachotsedwa. Chomeracho chimadulidwa masamba onse owuma. Thumba mu mphika imatumizidwa ku malo ozizira, kuthirira kawirikawiri. Ndi chisamaliro choyenera, gloxinia imamasula kwa miyezi 5-6.