Mitundu ndi ndondomeko ya Brokada gloxinia. Kubzala, kusamalira ndi kuberekana maluwa

Chomera ichi ndi cha mitundu yaying'ono, dziko lakwawo ndi Brazil. Chifukwa cha mitundu iyi, tsopano pali mitundu yambiri yosiyanasiyana ya m'nyumba ya gloxinia. Pofuna kukula bwino wokongola wa Brokad gloxinia, wolima maluwa aliyense ayenera kudziwa za malamulo oyambirira ndi zowonongeka za chisamaliro, komanso matenda ndi tizirombo ta maluwa.

M'nkhani ino tiona bwinobwino chomera chotchedwa Gloxinia Brocade. Lingalirani mitundu yake, kufotokoza kwa botanical, zida, malamulo odzala ndi kusamalira, ndi zina zambiri.

Kodi chomera ichi n'chiyani?

Ndi nthiti-shrub, kuchokera ku Hesnerian ya banja, imakhalanso ndi tuber ngati rhizome. Gloxinia ndi osiyana ndipo amasiyana malinga ndi kukula kwa malo osungira katundu. Mwachitsanzo, pali microminiature, kumene malo osungira katundu sali oposa 5mm., Palinso mazithunzi ang'onoang'ono, kumene malowa sali oposa 20-30mm. ndi muyezo, malo oyandikana nawo omwe amatha kupitirira 30 mm.

Chomeracho chinali choyimira choyamba cha mtundu watsopanowu ndipo chinadziwika kuti gloxinia kakang'ono pofuna kulemekeza wolemba zachilengedwe B.P. Gloxin. Kumayambiriro kwa zaka za m'ma 1900, mbewu yatsopano inayamba kuchokera ku Tropical America, yomwe inali yofanana ndi Gloxinia, koma inali yosiyana ndi tuber. Zomera zonsezo zinagwirizanitsidwa ndi kufanana kwa mawonekedwe a maluwa, chifukwa chakuti iwo amati ndi mtundu watsopano wa maluwa - wokongola Gloxinia.

Chifukwa cha ntchito yoswana, ndiye iye amene adapatsa mitundu yatsopano ya chipinda chamakono gloxinia, zomwe zimasiyana mofanana ndi maluwa ndi zozizwitsa zoyera.

Zosiyanasiyana

Gloxinia brocade imagawidwa mu mitundu iwiri ikuluikulu:

• chodabwitsa;
• gloxinia kabuku kofiira.

Brocade buluu - ali ndi maluwa awiri, omwe ndi masentimita 8 m'kati mwake, kawirikawiri buluu kapena wofiirira ndi malire oyera. Kutalika kwa chitsamba kufika 20 cm, kumene kumakula kuyambira 10 mpaka 25 lalikulu terry inflorescences.

Chomera chofiira - ndi chomera chokongola komanso chokongola kwambiri chokhala ndi maluwa ang'onoang'ono, kukula kwake komwe kumafikira masentimita 6.

Ili ndi zofiira kwambiri. Malire amatha kukhalapo kapena alibe. Kukula kwakukulu kwa chitsamba ndi 20 cm.

Maonekedwe ndi zinthu

Kufotokozera

Zomera zazikulu za zomera ndi kupezeka kwa maonekedwe osiyanasiyana a masamba. zobiriwira zakuda ndi zowirira.

Chomeracho ndi cha mtundu wa terry. Amagawidwa mu mitundu, malingana ndi mtundu wa phungu: tiger, calico ndi monophonic.

1. Calico - mfundo zosiyana siyana.
2. Nkhumba - pamodzi ndi zidutswa zam'madzi zimapita pamphepete mwa petal.
3. Mitundu yolimba - mthunzi umodzi.

Maluwa onse a chomerachi ndi monochromatic - mitundu yobiriwira yomwe ili pamwamba pa masamba a mdima wobiriwira, kupanga mawonekedwe ofanana ndi mpira, chifukwa chake amawoneka okongola kwambiri. Terry amatchedwa chifukwa ali ndi mizere yambiri, kotero zikuwoneka kuti chitsamba chili ndi maluwa okongola.

Zida

Maluwa a Gloxinia ndi apadera, popeza ali ndi rosette, ndipo chifukwa cha izi, masambawo amawoneka aakulu. Mtunduwu umakhala ndi monochromatic, koma nthawi zina pali malire a mthunzi wowala kusiyana ndi pamadzi pawokha.

Kukhudza ndi maonekedwe, pamakhala zofanana ndi velvet. Maluwa a Gloxinia amaonedwa kuti ndi amodzi mwa maluwa omwe sagonjetsedwa, omwe kwa nthawi yaitali kukhalabe pa peduncle. Maluwa ochulukitsa ndi imodzi mwa ubwino waukulu wa zomera.

Kodi ndikuti ndingabzala bwanji?

Kukula gloxinia, chitani izi:

1. Kuwala kowala komanso kofewa, koma kuwala sikuyenera kugwera m'tsogolo.
2. Chifukwa cha mbewu zake zing'onozing'ono, nthaka yosalala imatengedwa kuti ikafesedwe, yomwe ili ndi nthaka ya sod, mchenga, humus ndi masamba. Zolembazo ziyenera kukhala: 1: 1: 1: 2.
3. Nthaka imatetezedwa mwazidzidzidzi musanafese, kenako madzi.
4. Nthawi zambiri zomera zimabzalidwa kuyambira kumapeto kwa February mpaka March.
5. Mbewu imayikidwa mosamalitsa 3-5 masentimita kupatula mu chidebe chobiriwira.
6. Kufesa yokutidwa ndi galasi kapena filimu kuti asunge chinyezi.
7. Nthaka iyenera kukhala ndi zakudya, osasunga madzi ndi kudutsa mpweya.
8. Musakhale ndi chidebe pamtunda pansi pa madigiri 24.
9. Nthaka iyenera kuyang'aniridwa ndi kuyimitsidwa.
10. Pambuyo popanga masamba oyambirira, Gloxinia anabzala miphika yotsalira; tuber iyenera kuyang'ana pansi pang'onopang'ono - musakhudze masamba mukamamwetsa maluwa mtsogolo.
11. Imwani maluwa kuchokera pansi, chifukwa chotsatira msuzi.

Zotsatira zake zimadalira kutentha, kuwala ndi chinyezi!

Chisamaliro

Ngati chomeracho chikauma, ndiye kuti mawanga ofiira amawonekera pa masamba, Komabe, sikoyenera kuwamitsa, chifukwa izi zikudzaza ndi maonekedwe ovunda. Oyenera ngati feteleza okonzeka, ndipo adzipanga nokha. Manyowa amasiya kudya mu August. Kawirikawiri, duwa limadyetsedwa kamodzi pa sabata kapena nthawi khumi ndi kukula, mwamsanga mwezi umodzi mutabzala kapena kuika ku nthaka ina.

Matenda ndi tizirombo

• Matenda ambiri ku gloxinia ndi ascochitis, matenda a fungal omwe amapezeka chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa chinyezi, zomwe zimapanga mabala a bulauni, ofiira kapena ofiira pa masamba. Masamba omwe ali ndi kachilomboka amachotsedwa, ndipo chomeracho chimaperekedwa ndi mkuwa wa sulfate. Patapita sabata, chitani njira yofananamo.
• Matenda owopsa kwambiri ndi ochedwa kwambiri, chifukwa amakhudza mbali zonse za zomera. Matendawa akawoneka ngati nkhungu yowonongeka, chifukwa chomera chimayamba kuuma ndi kuuma ndi kuvunda pamene chinyezi champhamvu. Zina mwa zinthu, zimawoneka bulauni.
• Matenda ena aakulu ndi septoriosis. Zimathandizira maonekedwe a imvi kapena imvi, kuyanika ndi kugwedezeka kwa tsinde ndikuwombera. Zikatero, kusunga duwa n'kovuta. Kulakwitsa kwachidziwikiratu mu selojiosis ndiko kutulutsa ndi kuchotsa mphukira zomwe zawonongeka ndi matendawa.
• Mwazirombo zina, zotsatirazi zikudziwika: powdery mildew, thrips, imvi yovunda, downy mildew, ndi zina zotero.

Kuswana

Chidziwikire cha kubereka kwa Gloxinia ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya kubereka. Izi zimaphatikizapo: kubalana ndi masamba a cuttings, mapesi a maluwa, cuttings, komanso kugawaniza tuber.

Maluwa ofanana

Gloxinia ikufanana ndi maluwa otsatirawa:

• Violet - amapezeka m'madera a dziko lapansi ndi nyengo yozizira. Pali mitundu pafupifupi 500 ya maluwa amenewa. Maonekedwe akufanana ndi Gloxinia.
• Sinningia - Chitsamba chosatha chomwe chiri cha Hesneriaceae. Masamba otsika ndi velvet, ndi maluwa mwa mawonekedwe a "belu". Mdziko - Brasalia.
• Streptokarpus - maluwa, zomera zotchedwa herbaceous, zomwe zimachokera ku Gesnerievye ya banja. Dzinali kuchokera ku Chigiriki chakale limamasulira ngati "zipatso zopotoka."
• Tidea - osatha herbaceous chomera, chomwecho chinachokera ku mtundu wa Gesnerievye. Maluwawo amakula mwa mawonekedwe a shrub kapena udzu wamasamba. Masambawo amavomereza, velvet. Dziko lachimake la maluwawa ndi madera otentha a Africa (kuti mumve zambiri zokhudza zomwe gloxinia zosiyanasiyana zimagwirizana ndi lingaliro ndi kusiyana kwake, mungapeze apa).
• Achimenez - osati mtengo wamtali kwambiri wokhala ndi mimba. Nthawi yamaluwa imayamba ndi masika ndipo imatha ndi kuyamba kwa autumn.

Gloxinia brocade ndi maluwa okongola komanso osasangalatsa omwe angadabwe ndi munthu wokongola. Zili ndi ubwino wambiri ndipo zingakhale zabwino kwambiri kuwonjezera pa chipinda chamtendere, komanso kukulimbikitsani.