Pulojekiti yamoyo: timalima mipesa ya gloxinia yokwera

Mitengo yambiri ndi yokongola mwa njira yawo. Amakopa chidwi cha maluwa okongola kapena masamba osazolowereka, koma maganizo ambiri amayamba chifukwa cha kukwera kwa zomera. Zikuwoneka zosiyana kwambiri, zodabwitsa, koma zodabwitsa kwambiri.

Maluwa oterewa amangochititsa kuti anthu azikonda kwambiri madzulo, koma amathandizanso kuti azisangalala. Mmodzi wotero wa zomera zokwera ndi lophos.

Malo gloxinia akhoza kukhala ndi makumi awiri ndi awiri kuchokera pakati pa asanu ndi awiri ndi hafu masentimita awiri maluwa, akufalikira panthawi yomweyo. Maluwa a Gloxinia ali ndi mazira osiyana siyana, amitundu yosiyanasiyana, amatha kukhala owoneka bwino komanso oyenera - zonse zimadalira mtundu wa mbewu.

Malongosoledwe a zomera

Dzina la sayansi la chomera ichi ndi lofosperm kapena lofos. Anthu ambiri amamudziwa ngati chomera chachitsulo.

Lofos ndi liana yosatha yomwe inkaonekera kumpoto ndi ku Central America.

Chomera ichi ndi chazomera zobiriwira, zodzikongoletsa za zomera. Kuchokera pakati pa zaka zana ndi zisanu ndi ziwiri zachisanu ndi chiwiri, duwa ili linadziwika pakati pa wamaluwa ambiri. Anayamba kugwiritsidwa ntchito kukongoletsa zipinda, nyumba, mabedi ndi gazebos. M'malo okhala ndi nyengo yozizira, ndizotheka kukula chomera chotero chaka ndi chaka, koma m'nyumba chimatha kukhala chaka chimodzi.

Maonekedwe, maonekedwe

Kuthawa ku Lofos ndi kosavuta, kotero mungathe kutenga chomerachi molakwika mtengo wawung'ono. Masamba ali ndi mtundu wobiriwira, ndipo mawonekedwe awo amafanana ndi masamba ena a mphesa. Tiyenera kuzindikira kuti maluwa a lofos ndi ofanana ndi belu ndi m'mphepete mwazing'ono.

Mitengo ya mbewu zamtundu sizimasonkhanitsidwa mu inflorescences, chifukwa ndi akulu ndipo amadzimva okha. Motero, amatenga mchere ndi zakudya zambiri.

Mtundu wa mitundu ndi wosiyana kwambiri, kotero mukhoza kupeza woyera, kapezi ndi pinki lofosy. Mbali yaikulu ya zomera zotere ndi amnichnost yawo. Iwo akhoza kumera pothandizira, koma amamva bwino ngati atagwa kuchokera pamalo otsika okwera.

Kawirikawiri, maluwa amenewa amafesedwa potsamira. Zingathenso kutchulidwa ndi zenizeni za kuti pakuyamba kwa chisanu choyamba muyenera kusuntha chomera mu chipinda. Ndikofunika kuti mudule kudula mphukira, chifukwa mwina sichidzathamanga nthawi yozizira.

Tikufika

Poyambirira, nkofunika kusankha ngati chomera chimaperekedwa konse, chifukwa, ngakhale kuti ndi wodzichepetsa, imakula mwamsanga. Ena samaganizira kuti ngakhale kuti nthawi zambiri sizitha kuthirira ma lofos, iwo adzapitiriza kukula ndi kulowa pafupifupi malo onse omwe alipo.

Mukasankha kugula chomera ichi, ndiye kuti mukuyenera kusamalira bwino mbeu yanu kapena mbeu yanu. Lofos amakaikidwa kumunda kokha pambuyo pa chisanu, ndi kufika kwa kasupe.

Kuunikira ndi malo

Gloxinia imatanthawuza ku zomera zachikondi. Komabe, imasankha kuwala kowala, koma kuwala kumakhala kosiyana ndipo sikulekerera dzuwa. Malo abwino kwambiri oti muike miphika ya maluwa ndi gloxinia adzakhala mawindo akuyang'ana kum'mawa kapena kumadzulo.

Curly gloxinia ndi wokonda kwambiri malo onse omwe ali bwino kwambiri. Ndiyenela kudziŵa kuti ngakhale zili choncho, iye sakuopa dzuwa.

Akatswiri amalangiza kuti aziika mbewuyo kuti kuwala kwake kuzungulira. Pansi pa denga la nyumba kapena pakhomalo padzakhala zangwiro, chifukwa pali chithandizo cha mbewu, ndipo mthunzi nthawizonse umalandiridwa.

Ndikoyenera kuzindikira zimenezo lofos ndi chomera champhamvuChoncho, iyenera kuyikidwa mu chidebe chomwe chikhoza kuikidwa pamwamba.

Mphukira za maluwa amenewa ndi osalimba kwambiri, choncho muyenera kuganizira mozama za malo omwe amalepheretsa kuthamanga kwa mphepo. Apo ayi, mbewuyo idzaonongeka ndipo ikhoza kufa.

Tiyeneranso kukumbukira kuti mbewu idzakula mofulumira ndikukwera mmwamba, motero ndi bwino kuthandizira mphukira. Poyamba, mpesa uyenera kumera pothandizira, kenako ugwe pansi. Posankha woumba ayenera kuganizira kuti chomeracho chiyenera kukhala ndi chidaliro ndi chitetezo. Ndi bwino kusankha tank ndi masentimita 25 cm.

Zosowa za nthaka

Curly gloxinia ndi chomera chodabwitsa chomwe sichifuna mbali zina zapadera za nthaka. Chinthu chokha chimene sichiyenera kuiwalika ndi kubzala ndi nthaka. Ndikofunika kukonzekera dothi pasadakhale chifukwa cha kupatsidwa.. Kompositi ndi humus zimapatsa nthaka chonde.

Mchenga wabwino umathandizira kuwonjezeka kwa porosity. Akatswiri amalimbikitsa kuwonjezera kanyumba kakang'ono ka nkhuni kuti zitsimikizire kuti mcherewu ndi wofooka ndipo nthaka salowerera. Peti ya peat ikhoza kupereka chinyezi. Kuchokera pa zonse zomwe tingathe kuganiza kuti zolemba za nthaka zikuphatikizapo:

• nthaka;
• mchenga;
• peat;
• tsamba la humus;
• phulusa lochepa.

Ngati munthu alibe mwayi kapena nthawi yokonzekera nthaka, ndiye choyambira chingagulidwe ku sitolo, koma muyenera kuyang'anitsitsa mosakaniza.

Kusamalira mipesa

Mukawerenga zonse zomwe zikuperekedwa kuti zisamalidwe, mukhoza kupeza chomera chabwino chomwe sichidzasangalatsa ena okha, komanso kupereka gawo lawo motetezedwa.

Kuti mbeuyo ikhale yathanzi, muyenera kutsatira zotsatirazi.

1. Kuthirira. Chomera chokhala ndi kukula kotereku kumafuna zambiri komanso mosamalitsa. Ndikofunika kupereka chomeracho madzi tsiku ndi tsiku, ndipo pamasiku otentha a chilimwe ndi bwino kuthirira madzi maulendo angapo. M'nyengo yozizira, ndibwino kuchepetsa kuthirira pang'ono ndi kuonetsetsa kuti dothi lisaume.
2. Kupaka pamwamba. Mitengo yambiri komanso kukula mofulumira kumafunika kudya nthawi zonse, kotero muyenera kudyetsa lophos katatu pachaka ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya feteleza kwa zomera zomwe zimakhala pachimake. Maonekedwe a feterezawa ayenera kuphatikizapo nayitrogeni, potaziyamu, phosphorous.
3. Kupanga zomera. Pambuyo pa mbeu perezimuet, muyenera kudulira mphukira zakula. Ngati afika kutalika kwa masentimita 15, ndiye kuti mukufunikira kuchotsa ziwalo zowonjezera. Zigawo zogawidwa zingathe kuziphimba ndi kuzidikirira kuti zifikire masentimita 10. Kuthetsa mphukira sikuyenera nthawi zambiri komanso popanda fanaticism, chifukwa mwinamwake chomera chingagwere m'mavuto.
4. Zima. Ngati kachilombo kochepa kosayembekezereka kamapezeka, ndi bwino kusunthira gloxinia mu chipinda mwamsanga mwamsanga. Mukhoza kuziika pamalo alionse omwe zizindikiro za kutentha sizidzakhala pansi pa + madigiri 5. Panthawiyi, mukhoza kuika lophos mu mphika waukulu ndikuchotsa mphukira zochuluka. Ngati chipinda ndi malo omwe zomera zimatha nthawi yayitali, ndiye kuti mphukira imatha. Pankhaniyi, ikhoza kufalikira mpaka December.
5. Zimene mungachite m'chaka. Madzi otentha atangoyamba, ma lophos amafunika kupukuta ndikudula mitengo ikuluikulu. Chomeracho chiyenera kuthiriridwa mosamala, kuti chisamanyowetse nthaka kwambiri. Mapepala atsopano atayamba kuwonekera, fetereza imayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito. Lofos wobzalidwa m'munda ukhoza kukhala kumapeto kwa chisanu cha usiku.

Ngati mutatsatira malangizidwewa, zomera sizidzadwala ndipo nthawi zonse ziziwoneka zobiriwira, zathanzi, zamoyo.

Mavuto angakhalepo

Lofos ndi chomera chosavuta kwambiri, choncho sizingatheke kukomana nawo pamabedi onse a maluwa. Ndi chifukwa chake kulankhula za matenda ndi tizilombo towononga zomwe zimakhudza chomera ichi sizolondola. Ndi bwino kuganizira mavuto onse omwe ali nawo.

Matenda

Oimira mbande angakhale akugwidwa ndi matenda owopsa, omwe amagawidwa mu mitundu itatu:

• fungal;
• chiwindi;
• mabakiteriya.

Taonani mwatsatanetsatane:

1. Matenda a fungal. Pofuna kuthetseratu matenda opatsirana, ndikofunika kugwiritsa ntchito makonzedwe apadera. Chithandizo cha tsamba la lesion chiyenera kuchitika kangapo, ndi nthawi ya masabata awiri.

   Kukonzekera kuyenera kukhala ndi mkuwa. Ndizotheka kukonza madera akuluakulu a chomera ndi kukonzekera kamodzi.

2. Matenda opatsirana. Matenda opatsirana okha samatha kuchiritsidwa. Zomera zonse zomwe zakhudzidwa ndi vutoli ziyenera kuwonongedwa mwamsanga kuti matenda asapitirire. Mavairasi amafalitsidwa ndi tizilombo, choncho ndi bwino kuthana ndi tizilombo toononga.
3. Matenda a bakiteriya. Ndi kugonjetsedwa kwa matenda a bakiteriya, mafuta amaonekera pa chomera. Ndikofunika kuchotsa mosamala malo omwe akukhudzidwa ndi kuwachiza ndi mankhwala osokoneza bongo. Ngati njirayi siidapereke zotsatira, ndiye kuti mufunsane ndi akatswiri ndikugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ogwiritsidwa ntchito ogulitsidwa mwapadera.

Tizilombo

Maluwa nthawi zambiri amadwala ndi nsabwe za m'masamba, thrips, nkhupakupa ndi whitefly. Ndikofunika kuchiza zomera, koma mwinamwake tizirombo tibwerera pambuyo mvula, kotero muyenera kubwereza ndondomekoyi. Muyeneranso kuchotsa nyerere, chifukwa ngati aphid imawonekera, tizilombo tizilombo tomwe timakhalapo kale.

Zinthu zoberekera

Pali njira ziwiri zoberekera za lophos, kotero munthu aliyense amasankha chinthu chovomerezeka.

1. Cuttings. Mutha kusonkhanitsa mphukirazo ndi kuziwombera pansi. Ndikofunika kusankha mphukira zambiri momwe zingathere, chifukwa sizingatheke kuima mu nthaka yonyowa. Mapepala oyambirira atangoyamba, mukhoza kupuma ndi mpumulo, chifukwa chomeracho chimamatira.
2. Mbewu. Lofos akhoza kufesedwa kumayambiriro kwa masika. Mbewu ziyenera kufalikira padothi lonyowa ndi kuwaza mchenga pamwamba. Ndiye mumayenera kutseka chidebe mwatsatanetsatane ndikutsatira mphukira yoyamba. Masabata angapo pambuyo pa kutuluka kwa mphukira akhoza kubzalidwa lofos m'munda. M'chaka chachiwiri chomeracho chidzayamba kuphulika.

Medinilla ndi ofanana ndi lophos kuti ndichitsamba chokwera, koma ndi yabwino yokwera mu chipinda. Zingathenso kuzindikira kuti chomera chomwecho ndi lotus chifukwa palibe kusiyana kulikonse mmaonekedwe a maluwa. Bougainvillea imamera ikuzungulira kuzungulira kwake, kumapanga mpanda. Chomera chofanana, monga lofos, chikulimbana ndi matenda ambiri. Ipomoea mwangwiro amasinthasintha kumbali iliyonse, koma amafuna madzi ambiri okwanira.

Mukhoza kulemba zambiri mwa zomera izi, zomwe zimakhala zokongola kwambiri pa mipanda yokongoletsera, mipanda ndi nyumba. Curly gloxinia akadali chomera chosadziwika. Imafuna zinthu zapadera za kukula. Akatswiri amalangiza chimodzimodzi kuti ayesere ndikusankha mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya okwera mapiri omwe angapangitse kuti azikhala osangalala komanso aziwona zinthu zonse zomwe zili pafupi ndi munthu.