Zakale kwambiri zowakomera mbatata "Photos" ndi makhalidwe

Chifukwa cha kutchuka kwakukulu kwa mizu yachangu ndi yathanzi, mitundu ya mbatata yotulutsidwa ndi obereketsa ikuwonjezeka. Amayesetsa kusintha makhalidwe ake achilengedwe, ndipo nthawi zambiri amapambana. Komabe, kuchuluka kwa mitundu ya mbatata kungangosokoneza anthu osakonzekera.

Choncho, ngati mukuyang'ana zosiyanasiyana zomwe zayesedwa ndi nthawi ndi mibadwo yambiri ya wamaluwa, ndiye kuti muyenera kumvetsera Lorch. Ndipo m'nkhani ino tidzakulongosolani zosiyana siyana, ndikukufotokozerani zenizeni za teknoloji yake yaulimi, ndikukuuzani za momwe matenda ndi chiwopsezo chidzachitikire ndi tizirombo.

Zamkatimu:

• Chithunzi
• Zida
• Matenda ndi tizirombo

Mankhwala a mbatata: malongosoledwe osiyanasiyana

Maina a mayina	Lorch
Zomwe zimachitika	sing'anga mochedwa osiyanasiyana chilengedwe cholinga cha pafupifupi zokolola zabwino kwambiri kukoma
Nthawi yogonana	Masiku 110-120
Zosakaniza zowonjezera	15-20%
Misa yambiri yamalonda	90-120 g
Chiwerengero cha tubers kuthengo	9-11
Pereka	250-350 c / ha
Mtundu wa ogulitsa	kukoma kwabwino, thupi lophwanyidwa, osati mdima wophika, wokonzedweratu kuti mukhale wowuma
Chikumbumtima	88-92%
Mtundu wa khungu	chikasu
Mtundu wambiri	zoyera
Malo okonda kukula	North-West, Central, Volga-Vyatka, Central Black Earth, North Caucasus, Middle Volga, Lower Volga, Ural ndi West Siberian
Matenda oteteza matenda	amatha kukhala ndi kansa ya mbatata, nematode ndi nkhanambo, moyenera kugonjetsedwa ndi mochedwa choipitsa
Zizindikiro za kukula	Silingalole kutentha ndi kusowa kwa chinyezi
Woyambitsa	GNU Institute of Potato Farm iwo. A.G. Lorch, GNU Penza NIISH

Lorch ndiyo yakale kwambiri ya mbatata, yomwe inakhazikitsidwa mu 1922 pamalo odyetsera mbatata, omwe tsopano amadziwika kuti Institute All Research Russian of Farming Potato. Kalasi iyi inali lolembedwa ndi breeder A. G. Lorchmwa kulemekeza amene iye amamutcha dzina lake. Zinalembedwa mu Register Register kuyambira 1931. Mitundu yowonjezera ya Research Potato. Lorch: Chisangalalo, Aspia, Barin, Bronnitsky, Vasilek ndi mitundu ina.

Amafotokoza pakati pa mochedwa mitundu ya mbatata, kukula kwake nyengo ndi Masiku 80 - 100. Ili ndi cholinga cha tebulo, komanso suti zogwiritsidwa ntchito pa starch. Zomwe zili m'munsizi zitha kufika 20% ndi pamwamba.

Mu tebulo ili m'munsimu mukhoza kuwona kuchuluka kwa ochepa omwe amapezeka mu mitundu ina ya mbatata ndi kuwayerekeza ndi izi:

Maina a mayina	Zosakaniza zowonjezera
Lorch	15-20%
Grenada	10-17%
Cheri	11-15%
Natasha	11-14%
Zekura	13-18%
Bullfinch	15-16%
Timo	13-14%
Spring	11-15%
Molly	13-22%
Chiphona	16-19%
Santana	13-17%

Tubers ku Lorch ndi zazikulu, zolemetsa ndi zolemetsa, pafupifupi masentimita ambiri zipatso zamtengo wapatali ndi 115 g. Tsabola ndi yopapuka komanso yosalala, yowala. Pulp zoyera ndi zokoma kwambiri, pokonza kuphika crumbly. Zilibe katundu woti zimadetsedwa panthawi ya chithandizo cha kutentha.

Kuchita bwino kuli bwino, pafupifupi wamaluwa amakolola 25 - 35 t / ha. Bumpiness ndipamwamba ndipo imakhala pafupi 88 - 92%.

Zokolola za mitundu ina zofanizira zikufotokozedwa mu tebulo ili m'munsiyi:

Maina a mayina	Pereka
Lorch	250-350 c / ha
Wosamalira	180-380 c / ha
League	210-350 c / ha
Zabwino	170-280 makilogalamu / ha
Svitanok Kiev	mpaka 460 c / ha
Borovichok	Anthu 200 mpaka 200 / ha
Lapot	400-500 c / ha
Mkazi wachimerika	250-420 c / ha
Colombo	220-420 c / ha
Chiwonetsero Chofiira	260-380 c / ha

Tikukudziwitsani bwino zokhudzana ndi katundu wa mbatata: chifukwa chiyani solanine ndi yoopsa komanso madzi a mbatata ndi othandiza, ndizotheka kudya zakudya zosaphika komanso zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito.

Kusunga khalidwe la tubers la zosiyanasiyana ndi lokongola, komwe kumathandiza ndi nthawi yosungirako mu cellars. Maso ali ochepa komanso osawoneka.

Chithunzi

Onani pansipa: "Lorch" zithunzi

Mitengo mu kalasi iyi ili pamwamba ndi nthambi. Masambawo ndi obiriwira, ndipo masamba okhawo ndi aakulu ndipo amawunikira, ndipo amakhala ndi mpweya wochepa. Corollas wa maluwa ku tchire ndi aakulu ndipo Khalani ndi nsalu yofiirira yofiirira.

Zida

Chifukwa cha msinkhu wake, Lorch anazoloŵera bwino osati m'madera ambiri a Russian Federation, komanso m'mayiko onse oyandikana nawo. Ndipo ake zokonda ndi zokongola kunja mtundu wa zipatso unamupatsa iye zoposa khumi za malonda ogulitsa m'misika yambiri ya ku Ulaya. Kuwonjezera apo, musaiwale kuti imagwiritsidwa ntchito pazinthu zamakampani kupanga chomera.

ZOFUNIKA KWAMBIRI! Pofuna kusankha malo odzala, m'pofunika kutsindika izi: Zomera zazing'ono za mbatata sizikonda kwambiri kutentha ndi kusowa kwa chinyezi m'nthaka. Choncho, wamaluwa ochokera kum'mwera zigawo ayenera kukonzekera ulimi wothirira zinthu, makamaka automated.

Ponena za kusankha kwa nthaka, izi sizinthu zovuta kwambiri, komabe ndi kusowa potaziyamu ndi phosphorous m'nthaka chipatsocho chikhoza kukhala ndi maonekedwe osangalatsa kwambiri. Amaluwa ena amafunanso kudula mitengo yawo kuti ayambe kuchuluka. Ndipo ngati mitundu ina ingathe kupulumuka njirayi ndi malire ochepa, ndiye kuti Lorch, ubwino wake ndi mbeu yake idzagwa kwambiri.

Kudyetsa mbeu zanu zowonongeka zili mumabowo pafupifupi masentimita 8. Mosiyana ndi mitundu yambiri ya mbatata, Mankhwalawa amatha kuikidwa pansi. Izi zimapangitsa kuti mapangidwe a tchire akufalikire, omwe, motero, adzakhala ndi kuunikira bwino. Pambuyo pake, zomera zanu zimayenera kupereka chakudya chovomerezeka, feteleza feteleza omwe angagwiritsidwe ntchito pa malo osungirako zomera akuyenera kwambiri pano.

Werengani zambiri za momwe mungadyetse mbatata, zomwe feteleza ndizo zabwino komanso chifukwa chake akatswiri amalimbikitsa kugwiritsa ntchito mchere. Komanso nthawi komanso momwe mungapangire kudya, mungachite bwanji mutabzala.

Kawirikawiri, agrotechnical njira zowonjezera izi zimagwiritsidwa ntchito moyenera - hilling, udzu wamsongole, mulching, ngati kuli kofunikira ndi kufunika, kutsirira.

Matenda ndi tizirombo

Zikuoneka kuti chifukwa cha kukula kwake, Lorch anapeza chitetezo champhamvu cha chitetezo cha m'thupi, chomwe chimamupangitsa kukana pafupifupi matenda onse ndi tizilombo toononga.

Kotero, ili ndi chitetezo chabwino kwa: matenda a tizilombo, choipitsa, dzimbiri, bacteriosis, Alternaria, verticilliasis, Fusarium. Matenda awiri okha ndi omwe angapeze chitetezo poteteza: nkhanambo ndi khansa.

Khansara ya mbatata ndi yoopsa ndipo ingakhudze osati mbatata yokha, komanso nthaka yozungulira. Choncho, ngati mbeu yanu idakali odwala, ndiye kuti Zitsamba zomwe zakhudzidwa ziyenera kutenthedwa nthawi yomweyo.

Komanso pakadali pano nkofunika kuti muzitha kusintha kayendedwe ka mbeu. Izi ndizophatikizapo Kulima mbewu zomwe zidzathetse nthaka yanu ya khansa kwa zaka 6. Pankhani yothandizira oteteza mankhwala, chithandizo chodzala tubers ndi maziko kapena benomyl kuyimitsidwa chingathandize.

Polimbana ndi nkhanambo, kachiwiri, kulemekeza mbewu zowonongeka ndi kugwiritsa ntchito chithandizo choyenera chothandizira. Kuonjezera apo, kudalira kumathandiza kwambiri kuti chitukukochi chikule bwino. Malinga ndi mankhwala, Trichodermin angakhale othandiza kwambiri. Amatha kunyamula zonse za tubers ndi nthaka yokha.

Mu kanema iyi mukhoza kuona njira zosiyanasiyana zothetsera nkhanambo:

Ngati tikulankhula za tizirombo, ndiye kuti wamaluwa ambiri amamenyana ndi Colorado mbatata ndi mphutsi zake, ndi chimbalangondo, njenjete, njenjete za mbatata.

Tikukupemphani kuti mudzidziwe ndi zipangizo zomwe zingathandize kwambiri:

1. Mmene mungachotsere wireworm m'munda wanu.
2. Timayesa Medvedka mothandizidwa ndi njira zamakina komanso zowerengeka.
3. Kodi chingathandize bwanji njenjete ya mbatata: gawo 1 ndi gawo 2.
4. Polimbana ndi Colorado njira zonse ndi zabwino - zowerengeka ndi mankhwala:
   • Aktara.
   • Regent
   • Kutchuka.
   • Corado.

Lorch sakhalabe kanthu kwachabechabe ngakhale patatha zaka 80 kuchokera pamene adalenga. Zokolola zapamwamba, kukana matenda ambiri ndi kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa mafakitale kwa nthawi yayitali zimapangitsa kuti izi zikhale zofunikira. Ndipo ngati chinachake chikufunidwa, zikutanthauza kuti ayenera kuyesetsa kulima.

Timaperekanso kudziwa njira zina za mbatata zowonjezera, mwachitsanzo, ndi teknoloji ya Dutch. Komanso kuti mudziwe zambiri za ntchito ndi mitundu yoyambirira, njira zokula pansi pa udzu, kuchokera ku mbewu, m'matumba, mabokosi ndi mu barre.

Ndipo mu tebulo ili m'munsimu mudzapeza zokhudzana ndi mitundu ya mbatata ndi mawu osiyana kwambiri operekedwa pa webusaiti yathu:

Pakati-nyengo	Kumapeto kwenikweni	Kuyambira m'mawa oyambirira
Chiphona	Melody	Innovator
Toscany	Margarita	Zabwino
Yanka	Alladin	Mkazi wachimerika
Lilac njoka	Chilimbikitso	Krone
Openwork	Kukongola	Onetsetsani
Desiree	Milady	Elizabeth
Santana	Lemongrass	Vega