Njira zothandizira ng'ombe pakhomo

Zamakono zamakono zimathandiza kuti tisawononge famuyo, komanso kuchepetsa mavuto, komanso kuonjezera bwino. Kwa kanthawi, ngakhale pakhomo, njira zowonetsera ng'ombe zakhala zikupezeka kwa anthu ambiri, chinthu chofunika kwambiri ndi kuyang'anitsitsa mosamala zinyamazo ndikukhala ndi nthawi yochita nthawi yoyenera kwambiri.

Zamkatimu:

• Momwe mungadziwire kukonzekera kwa ng'ombe kuti izisamalidwa
• Kukonza ng'ombe kuti ikhale insemination
• Njira zoweta ng'ombe
• Rectocervical
• Visocervical
• Mankhwala a mano
• Epitervical
• Kusamalira ng'ombe pambuyo poyesa
• Zowonongeka mobwerezabwereza
• Ndemanga

Ubwino wopanga insemination

Ng'ombe iliyonse imaphatikizapo kutenga mkaka wa mafuta okwanira, komanso kupezeka mowonjezereka. Kwa izi, ng'ombe zimafunika kamodzi pachaka kuti mupeze ana.

Insemination zamakono muzochitikazi zili ndi ubwino wambiri pa chirengedwe:

• feteleza zimapezeka;
• Ng'ombeyo ili pangozi yotenga brucellosis, vibriosis, kapena matenda ena;
• Mawu ofunikira akhoza kunenedweratu;
• Mukhoza kuika ziyeneretso zamtundu wam'tsogolo, ndikuwapatsa mbewu kuchokera kwa opanga bwino.

Mukudziwa? Mu moyo wake wonse, ng'ombe imodzi imapereka pafupifupi pafupifupi zikwi 200 za mkaka.

Momwe mungadziwire kukonzekera kwa ng'ombe kuti izisamalidwa

Kuzungulira kwa moyo wa kugonana mu ng'ombe kumatenga masiku 21 ndikudutsanso magawo otsatirawa:

1. Gawo la kudzutsa.
2. Gawo lopuma.
3. Kusinthana kwa magawo.

Ndilo gawo la 1 lomwe liri lothandiza kwa ife, chifukwa panthawi imeneyi nyama ikukonzekera kugonana. Komanso, kukonzekera uku kuli ndi magawo angapo: estrus, kusaka ndi kugonana. Kuti mumvetse nthawi yomwe ng'ombeyo ili, ndikwanira kusunga khalidwe lake ndi zizindikiro zina zakunja. Pa seresi, nyamayo imakhala yopanda phokoso, imataya mtima, koma imasokoneza kwambiri. Zilonda zimatuluka ndipo pali ntchentche zambiri. Zamakono zimatha tsiku, koma nthawi zambiri zimafika sabata. Kenaka amayamba kusakasaka pogonana, gawo lofunika kwambiri lopangira insemination. Amayamba mkati mwa maola 24 kuchokera kumayambiriro a esturo ndikukhala maola 30. Zizindikiro za khalidwe ndi izi:

• Ng'ombe imakhala yosasunthika ikaphimbidwa ndi ng'ombe kapena pamene ikutsatira chivundikiro cha ng'ombe ina;
• chinyama chimanyalanyaza ziwalo za ng'ombe zina kapena zimayika mutu wake kumbuyo kwa anzake.

Ndikofunikira! Nthawi zambiri mukamaona ng'ombe, imakhala yotsika kwambiri pozindikira nthawi yoyenera kubereka. Njira yothetsera vutoli ndi kuyang'anira gululo katatu patsiku, kusamala zinyama pakuyenda.

Pa nthawiyi, ovulation amapezeka - ng'ombe ili wokonzeka kupanga insemination. Pambuyo pa nthawiyi, khalidwe la chiweto limabwereranso mwachibadwa: mlingo wa estrogen umachepa, chilakolako chicheperachepera, ndipo chilakolako chimabweranso (siteji yoyenera).

Phunzirani momwe kukwera mahatchi, akalulu ndi nkhosa zimachitika.

Kukonza ng'ombe kuti ikhale insemination

Nthawi yomwe ng ombe yayamba kubala mwana ndi miyezi 10. Kukula msinkhu kumadalira mtundu, nyengo, chakudya ndi zinthu. Nthaŵi yabwino yothetsera insemination akadali zaka zazaka ziwiri za nyama. Kuti insemination ikhale yabwino, ng'ombe ziyenera kudya bwino ndikuzisunga bwino. Ndikofunika kupumula kwathunthu kwa omwe adayesedwa kale kuti apitenso mphamvu ndi thanzi. Nthawi imeneyi (pakati pa kumapeto kwa milking ndi calving) imatchedwa youma. Pambuyo pake, munthu wokhudzidwayo angayang'anenso ngati ng ombeyo ili ndi vuto lililonse pambuyo pobereka kapena matenda alionse. Chofunika kwambiri pakukonzekera bwino kwa ziweto ndi kuyenda nthawi zonse, mpweya wabwino wa nkhokwe. Ng'ombe zowonda zimasiya msanga, ndipo zimadyetsa bwino kwambiri. Kusamalira azimayi ndi ntchito yaikulu ya mlimi. Ng'ombeyo itapindula mokwanira, osatopa komanso osapitirira mafuta, mutha kuyamba kuyambitsa.

Mukudziwa? Ndizodabwitsa, koma ng'ombe zimatha kulira.

Njira zoweta ng'ombe

Ng'ombe imayimbidwa mobwerezabwereza pakasaka imodzi. Nthawi yoyamba - mwamsanga pamene kusaka kukupezeka, kachiwiri - mu maola 10-12. Ngati patatha nthawi yachiwiri kusaka kusanayambe, njirayi ikupitirira maola 10-12 mpaka itatha. Ng'ombe zambiri zimayenda usiku, kotero ngati kusaka kunabwera madzulo, mungathe kugawira kamodzi kokha, madzulo. Ngati kusaka kunayamba usiku, ng'ombe zimadulidwa m'mawa.

Werengani momwe mungagwiritsire ntchito ng'ombe zowonongeka ndi kuyamwa.

Insemination ikuchitika muzipinda zapadera zomwe ng'ombe imakopeka mwakachetechete komanso mopanda kuumirizidwa (mwachitsanzo, pakuika patsogolo chakudya mu chipinda). Musanayambe ndondomekoyi, ziwalo za chiweto zimayang'aniridwa bwino, ndiye ziyenera kutsukidwa ndikupukuta zouma. Sayansi ya insemination yopanga machitidwe imatsimikiziridwa kangapo, timaganizira chimodzi mwa izi mwatsatanetsatane.

Video: njira yopangira insemination

Rectocervical

Zida:

• magolovesi osatayika;
• Siliva imodzi (mlingo - 2 ml) kapena ampoules (48 mm yaitali, zinthu - polyethylene);
• catheter ya polystyrene (kutalika - 40 cm).

Ndondomeko ya njira yokonzanso njira izi ndi izi:

1. Munthuyo ali wokhazikika, ndiye ziwalo zakunja zakunja zimatsukidwa bwino ndi njira ya furacilin.
2. Mu catheter kuchokera ku botolo lopeza milliliter wa namuna.
3. Dzanja lamwamba likuwongolera labiya kuti asayanjane ndi catheter.
4. Ndi dzanja laulere, catheter imalowetsedwa mu chikazi mpaka iyo imatsutsana nayo ndi kugwirizanitsa kugwiritsira ntchito kathete kukhala mu buloule (syringe).
5. Dzanja lamagetsi lamadzi ndi madzi ofunda ndi jekeseni mkati - dzanja ili lidzayendetsa kayendetsedwe ka katheta kumalo momwe kulili kofunikira.
6. Kenaka, dzanja limapanga chiberekero kotero kuti chala chaching'ono chimatsogolera kathete mu ngalande.
7. Pang'onopang'ono pamakani (syringe), jekeseni umuna.
8. Dzanja likuchotsedwa ku anus, buloule imachotsedwa, catheter imachotsedweratu.

Pofuna kuteteza kathete kuti asalowe mumtsinje wamakono, mwapang'onopang'ono imakwera pamwamba pamtunda wa masentimita 15 ndikupita patsogolo pang'ono (pamtunda wa madigiri 30). Mavesi ena amapita patsogolo. Katswiri wodziwa bwino angathe kutsogolera catheter kuti athe kudutsa mkamwa wa khola komanso umuna umalowa mwachindunji.

Ndikofunikira! Musanayambe ndondomekoyi, nyamayo iyenera kutsimikiziridwa, ndipo njira zonse ziyenera kuchitidwa bwino komanso zopanda ululu.

Njirayi yatsimikiziranso ubwino. Choyamba, kulowetsa molumikiza khola lachiberekero kumachitika chifukwa chokonzekera kudzera mu rectum. Chachiwiri, kupweteka kwa khosi kumene kumachitika patsikuli kumapangitsa kuti pakhale kuyamwa kwa msinkhu. Imeneyi ndi njira yolondola kwambiri komanso yopindulitsa kwambiri yowonongeka, yopereka zotsatira zokwana 90%. Iye ndichangu mofulumira kwambiri.

Onani mitundu yabwino kwambiri ya ng'ombe za mkaka, ndi matenda awo akuluakulu, ndipo phunzirani kugula ng'ombe yoyenera ndi momwe mungadyetse.

Visocervical

Zida:

• Magolovesi oyera (kutalika - 80 cm);
• chiwonongeko;
• chipangizo chapadera chounikira;
• catheters wosabala (mwa mawonekedwe a siringi);
• citric acid sodium salt solution (2.9%);
• soda yothetsera (yotentha);
• kumwa mowa (70%);
• zida zowonongeka.

Ndondomeko panthawiyi:

1. Catheter imatsukidwa kangapo ndi njira zothetsera.
2. Nkhumba imasonkhanitsidwa mu sering'i, kuyang'ana ming'oma ya mpweya ndi kuwachotsa pa nthawi yake.
3. Chimodzi mwa zida zowonongeka zimatenthedwa, ndikuchiritsa speculum yamaliseche ndi moto.
4. Ng'ombe ya ng'ombe imachizidwa ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda.
5. Galasi losambitsidwa ndi mankhwala a soda ndi jekeseni mu vaginito mpaka limakhala pambali pamakoma.
6. Kenaka imatsegulidwa mosamala ndi kuyang'ana kachilombo ka HIV.
7. Pambuyo poyang'anitsitsa, galasi imaphimbidwa ndipo catheter yomwe ili ndi seminal fluid imayambira mu khola lachiberekero (pafupifupi 5-6 cm).
8. Zomwe zili mkatizi zimachotsedwa pang'onopang'ono mu sirinji.
9. Chidacho chimachotsedwa, pamene galasi imatseguka pang'ono (kupewa kuvulala kwa mucous membranes).

Mfundo yomalizira imayambitsa ndondomeko yayikulu ya ndondomekoyi - ngati katswiri sakudziwa bwino, ali ndi chiopsezo chovulaza mkaziyo ndi galasi.

Mankhwala a mano

Zida:

• Magolovesi a miyala yonyansa (kutalika - 80 cm);
• Zakudya zopanda kanthu za seminal fluid (ampoules);
• catheters wosabala 75x4.8 mm.

Ampoules, komanso catheters, amayamba kutentha kapena kutuluka ndi nyali ya UV. Mtsuko wothandizidwa ndi catheter, madzi amchere amasonkhanitsidwa.

Njirayi ndi iyi:

1. Nyama ya mbuzi imatsukidwa ndi madzi ndipo imathandizidwa ndi antibacterial solution (furatsilina piritsi, yoyeretsedwa ndi mowa momwe ikufunira).
2. Dzanja lampukuti limanyowa ndi madzi otentha, 9%.
3. Mankhwalawa amathandizidwa mosamala kuti chiberekero chichepetse.
4. Ngati kufotokozera kukulolani kuti mupitirize, ndiye kuti muyambe kusamba mkaka kwa mphindi zingapo.
5. Ndi dzanja lanu laulere, mumayenera kutenga catheter, yomwe mababu ake amaikidwira kale, yikani mubinja ndipo yesani 2 cm mukhola lachiberekero ndi chala chanu.
6. Pang'onopang'ono, motsatira ndondomeko yoyendetsa minofu, sungani buloule mpaka catheter isuntha masentimita 5-6.
7. Vinyowo amakulira pang'ono ndipo pang'onopang'ono amatsitsa zomwe zili mkati mwake.
8. Pamapeto pa ndondomekoyi, zidazo, popanda unclamping, zimachotsedweratu mwamsanga mukazi ndikutha.

Ndikofunika kwambiri kuchita zinthu zonse mwakachetechete, kuchepetsa kupweteka kwa nyama. Ngati ng ombe imasokonezeka kwambiri, chiberekero chake chidzayamba kugwira ntchito mwamphamvu ndikukankhira zinthuzo, ndikuchotsa zotsatira zonse.

Ndikofunikira! Zomwe zili mu buloule zimatulutsidwa panthawi yopuma pachibelekero, kotero kuti chiberekero chimatulutsa umuna. Ngati chiberekero sichigwirizanitsa, mukhoza kuyambitsa njirayi mwa kusuntha kathete.

Kuperewera kwa njira ya monocervical kungakhale chifukwa cha chiopsezo chachikulu cha kulowa m'magazi panthawiyi, ngati kukonzekera kukonza njirayi kunaphwanyidwa. Njirayi siyenso ya ng'ombe ndi ng'ombe zazing'ono chifukwa cha mapepala awo. Mosakayikira, njirayi imafuna kuti inseminator akhale ndi chidziwitso chapadera cha momwe thupi limayambira ndi thupi lake.

Epitervical

Zida:

• magolovesi omwe amataya (kutalika - 80 cm);
• vial kwa umuna;
• polyethylene catheter (kutalika - 40 cm).

Njira iyi ili pafupi kwambiri ndi zochitika zenizeni ndipo imakhala ndi mfundo yakuti mbeu siyimangidwe mkati mwa chiberekero, koma pa khoma la chikazi. Ubwino wa njira ndikuti ndibwino kwambiri kwa ana aang'ono ndi ng'ombe zazikulu. Ndondomeko:

1. Anus imamasulidwa ku zinyamulira kuti zithetse pamakoma a chiberekero.
2. Mimbayi imatetezedwa ndi matendawa.
3. Pangani misala ya clitoris kuti izi zichitike.
4. Kenaka, dzanja lokulumphira limalowetsedwa mu anus ndi kupyolera mwa ilo limalimbikitsidwa ndi chiberekero ndi kuyenda minofu.
5. Catheter, yomwe imagwirizanitsidwa ndi vial (ndi seminal fluid), imalowetsedwa m'kati mwa chikazi ndipo zomwe zili mkati zimakanizidwa pang'onopang'ono.
6. Pambuyo pa njirayi, dzanja likuchotsedwa mu anus, ndipo chidacho chimachotsedwa modekha.

Mitsempha ya chiberekero chifukwa cha kukakamiza imapangitsa umuna kupitilira mu chiberekero.

Timadziŵa bwino zomwe zimachitika pa kuswana ndi kukonza ng'ombe zazikazi ndi nyama.

Kusamalira ng'ombe pambuyo poyesa

Tsiku la insemination liyenera kulembedwa, monga tsiku loyembekezeredwa la calving liyamba kuwerenga kuchokera pamenepo. Ngati mwezi utatha kudula ng'ombe sichilowa mdziko la kusaka, mutha kukhala ndi chitsimikizo kuti anatenga pakati, ndiye kuti anatenga pakati. Pali njira yolondola kwambiri: pa tsiku la 20 kuti mupange magazi, kudziŵa mlingo wa progesterone. Ng'ombe yopanda pang'onopang'ono imachepa, mkaka wa mkaka umachepa. Mimba imatenga miyezi 9. Miyezi iwiri isanafike, ng'ombe imayamba, ndiko kuti, sichikamwekedwa. Izi zikhoza kuchitika mwamsanga, koma pang'onopang'ono, mkati mwa masiku khumi. Njira yomaliza imagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka poyerekeza ndi zinyama zogwira ntchito. Pa nthawi yomweyi, kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa chakudya, komanso zakudya zowutsa mudyo sizipereka konse. Nthawi yoyamba ndi yofunika kwambiri, panthawi imeneyi nkofunika kuyang'anitsitsa bwino udzu ndikuwunika momwe nkhumba zimakhalira. Patapita masiku 3-5, mutha kubwerera ku nyama chakudya chokwanira.

Zowonongeka mobwerezabwereza

Kusewera mwadzidzidzi kumafuna luso ndi luso. Koma pali zolakwika zina zomwe abwera akuyenera kuziganizira kuti asawalole kuti apite:

• Zakudya zabwino ndi kusamalira nyama;
• kukonza;
• chikhumbo chomaliza kuthetsa kuwonongeka kwa ubwino wa ng'ombeyo;
• kunyalanyaza ukhondo;
• kusagwirizana ndi malamulo a chitetezo;
• kusasamala kwa thanzi la munthu wobadwira;
• Kusaphunzira mokwanira zizindikiro zosakonzekera umuna;
• kusungirako kosayenera kwa seminal fluid.

Kwa eni a minda ya mkaka, kuyamwa kwapadera ndi njira yabwino kwambiri chifukwa imapangitsa njira yochepetsetsa komanso yopindulitsa kwambiri kugwira ntchito ya ng'ombe ndi ubwino wa ana awo. Khulupirirani katswiri wazomwe amagwiritsa ntchito kapena muzitsatira nokha - mumasankha. Chinthu chofunikira kukumbukira ndi chakuti thanzi ndi chitetezo cha nyama nthawi zonse ndizofunikira, ziribe kanthu cholinga chanu.

Ndemanga