Chokongoletsera cha mkati chilichonse chidzakhala chomera chodabwitsa komanso chokongola chamkati, ngati mtengo wa khofi. Chomeracho chidzawoneka bwino ku banki kapena sukulu, ndi m'nyumba yaing'ono.
Mtengo wa khofi
Pakati pa wamaluwa, nthano yokhazikika ndi yakuti sivuta kukula mtengo wa khofi kunyumba, ndipo kusamalira izo ndi kovuta. Ndipotu, njira yolima exotics mu miphika ndi yovuta kwambiri kuposa kukula kwa zomera zina zamkati.
Ndikofunikira kuti muganizire ziganizo zina zokhudzana ndi chikhalidwe ichi, ndipo mwamsanga posachedwa mawindo anu adzakongoletsa mphika ndi mphukira yabwino ya mtengo wam'khofi wam'tsogolo.
Kodi mungapeze kuti?
Popeza chomera chochepa chimafuna kuwala kwambiri, zenera likulowa mu chipinda chofunda ndi malo abwino kwambiri kuyika mphika nawo. 
Coffee ikhoza kukula muwindo la kumpoto, koma chigawo chakumwera chidzakhala chabwino kwambiri.
Chinyezi ndi kutentha
Kuti mmera ukhale wabwino, uyenera kuperekedwa ndi kutentha kwa mpweya:
- m'chilimwe - mpaka 22 ° С;
- m'nyengo yozizira - mpaka 18 ° С.
M'nyengo yozizira, nkofunika kuti musachepetse kutentha m'chipinda chapafupi + 12 ° C, chifukwa kumadera otsika kutentha kumachotsedwa ndipo mizu yachinyamatayo imavunda. Khofi wamkulu ikhoza kutuluka bwino komanso muzinthu zovuta kwambiri.
Kutentha kwa chisanu cha 10 ° С kumalandiridwa, koma panthawi yomweyi kuwalitsa bwino ndi kosawerengeka ndi kuchepa kwa ulimi wa mizu ndilofunikira. 
Mbeu ya khofi imamvetsera kwambiri kuti kupopera mankhwala kwa masamba ndi madzi otentha. Njirayi iyenera kuchitika nthawi iliyonse ya chaka. Mlengalenga kumene chipatso chimakula chiyenera kukhala chinyezi: kuchepa kwambiri kapena kutentha kwa mlengalenga kumaletsa mbewu.
Kuunikira
Mulibe mankhwala osokoneza bongo mu mtengo wa khofi. Chinthu chachikulu ndichokuti kuunika kuli bwino. Ngati mtengo ukuikidwa pawindo la kumpoto, ndiye kukula kwake kudzakhala pang'onopang'ono, maluwa adzabwera patapita nthawi, ndipo fruiting idzakhala yaitali.
Muwonda wokonda khofi kuunikira kumwera komweko pali pitfalls. Masamba a achinyamata khofi amawonekera mosavuta kuti ayambe kutenthedwa ndi dzuwa, kotero m'chilimwe chomeracho chiyenera kukhala pang'ono pritenyat.
Zipinda za nyumba ndizo zokongoletsera nyumba iliyonse; zimathandiza kukongoletsa nyumba pamene nyengo ili yoipa. Zomera zamkati zomwe zimakonda kwambiri ndi: azalea, kalanchoe, anthurium, geranium, orchid, spathiphyllum, violet, begonia.
Kuti pakhale kosavuta kufota khofi, nyuzipepala ina imayikidwa pa galasi lawindo pogwiritsa ntchito tepi. Mazuŵa a dzuwa akugwa pa nyemba amwazikana ndipo samatentha masamba.
Chomera chachikulu popanda kuwala kwa dzuwa sichimawombera. Pambuyo pamene mabulosi a maluwawo amapanga mazira a chipatso, ndibwino kuti mtengo ukhale mtengo. Mukamabzala minda ya khofi ku Brazil, mitengo ya khofi imakhala m'malo a mitengo ina (mthunzi wamthunzi). 
Nthaka
Coffee imapuma mpweya wabwino. Mukamwetsa madzi oterewa amathira mizu ya mtengo, koma siimathamanga, ndipo chinyezi chimadutsa mumtsinje.
Pali mitundu iwiri ya magawo ogwiritsidwa ntchito:
- Choyamba ndi chakuti mbali imodzi ya tsambali imasakanizidwa ndi magawo awiri a mchenga wa coarse ndi magawo awiri a tsabola;
- tsamba lachiwiri, tsamba lakuda, humus, mchenga mu gawo lofanana ndi losakaniza. Awonjezeredwa magawo awiri a peat wowawasa.
Zingakhale zosiyana ndi nthaka zosakaniza zomwe mumasankha, ngati n'kotheka muwonjezeko bwino kwambiri. Moss ikhoza kusunga chinyezi m'nthaka ndikuonetsetsa kuti imakhala yodalirika komanso ikutha. 
Onetsetsani kuti mukukonzekera pansi pa mphika madzi abwino - madzi ochepa amatsogolera ku imfa ya mizu.
Kubzala mbewu
Kunyumba, mtengo wa khofi umabzalidwa mu mphika waukulu, monga mmera uli ndi taproot, ukukwera pansi pansi. Musanabzala mbewu ya khofi, iyenera kuyesedwa.
Nyemba za khofi zimafunika kukulumidwa kwambiri ndi mpeni kapena mopepuka poyikidwa ndi mapuloteni pofuna kuthyola chipolopolo cholimba kwambiri, ndipo nthawi yomweyo idzamera. Mtengo wa khofi ukhoza kukula kuchokera ku mbewu kapena kubirira.
Mukudziwa? Kuwotchera ndiko kupundula makina a chovalacho. Popanda kuonongeka, tirigu wolimba (khofi, mbewu ya lagenaria, etc.) idzagona m'nthaka mpaka kuwonongeka kwa chipolopolo chapafupi pakapita nthawi.
Kufalitsa mbewu
Mukhoza kukula mtengo wa khofi kuchokera ku khofi wobiriwira (osati wokazinga). Musanayambe kuthira mbewu ya khofi kuti imere, zipolopolo zake zawonongeka (zowonongeka kwambiri).
Zochita zina motere:
- Mbeu ya khofi yoopsya ikhoza kuthiridwa usiku umodzi musanayambe kubzala ("Appin", "Emistim", "Zircon");
- mphika wakuya umakonzedwa kuti ubzalidwe osasunthika, nthaka yonyowa yonyowa yosakaniza ndi ngalande pansi;
- mbewu zimabzalidwa pansi pa kuya kwa masentimita 3-4 (mtunda pakati pa obzalidwa mbewu ndi 3-5 masentimita);
- Nthaka ndi nyemba zomwe zimabzalidwa zimathiriridwa ndi magalasi kapena thumba la pulasitiki;
- ikani mphika mu chipinda chofunda: kutentha kutentha, msanga mphukira zidzakhala;
- Kawiri pa sabata galasi kapena filimu imachotsedwa mu mphika, condensate imagwedezeka ndipo mbewu zimachotsedwa.
Ndikofunikira! Zomera zoyamba zidzawonekera masiku 50-55. Coffee ndi chomera cholimba, choncho wolima munda ayenera kupirira.
Mbeu za khofi zimangotsala pang'ono kuphuka chaka, mphamvu zawo zowonjezera zimatchedwa 3 peresenti ya 100. Choncho, ngati maluwa akupeza nyemba zofiira zofiira, ndiye pamene akulowa mu zowonjezera ndi kumera kwa nthawi yaitali, 2-3 akhoza kukhumudwa.
Pali mwayi wochuluka wokula mbewu ya khofi kuchokera ku mtengo wazenera. Njere iyi idzakhala yatsopano, mu chipolopolo cha claret. Mbewuyo imayang'aniridwa mowirikiza, ndipo ufa wosiyana wa khofi udzaphuka kuchokera pa theka la njere.
Cuttings
Kuphweka mosavuta kufalitsa chomera cha khofi ndi zobiriwira za cuttings. Kusakaniza kwadothi kubzala cuttings kumafuna kutayirira, ndi kupeza kwa chinyezi ndi mpweya. Mpaka pano, perlite ndi wowawasa nkhumba peat ufa ndi osakaniza mu magawo ofanana.
Nthaka mu mphika imayendetsedwa ndi njira yowonongeka ya manganese - izi zimathandiza kuti nthaka isatetezedwe.
Kuchokera ku mtengo wakale wa khofi pakati pa gawo la korona wamasankhidwa nthambi yodula. Sprig ayenera kukhala ndi timapepala tina. Ndi bwino kutenga phesi kunthambi kukula kwa chaka chatha. Nthambi izi zimakhala ndi masamba a masamba, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti mtengo wamtsogolo udzayamba nthambi ndi maluwa kale. 
Rooting cuttings amadulidwa kuchokera kwa mayi mtengo ndi mpeni kapena tsamba. Mdulidwewu umakhala mu masentimita atatu pansi pa masamba. Pa mchenga wodulidwa mwatsopano, kotupa kotsekemera pa khungu amapangidwa ndi singano pansi pa masamba awiri omaliza (kuti apange bwino mizu yamtsogolo).
Kenaka, zidutswazi zimayikidwa maola atatu muzu-kupanga madzi:
- yankho la uchi ndi madzi (1 supuni ya uchi 1 chikho cha madzi);
- yankho la heteroauxin (1.5 malita a madzi amatengedwa mapiritsi 1-4 a mankhwala).
Mulimonse mwazifukwazi, mdulidwewo umagwedezeka pokhapokha. Pochita izi, amaika mu galasi ndi madzi.
Okonzeka cuttings amakhala mu nthaka kwa masamba. Kutsika kwake ndi 2-3 masentimita. M'phika ndi omwe anabzala cuttings ali ndi thumba la pulasitiki la perforated: kutulutsa ndi kupopera mbewu mbewu ndi madzi zidzachitika kudzera m'mabowo. Rooting cuttings mthunzi ku dzuwa.
Kuti muzulire mofulumira kutentha kwambiri ndi 25 ° С. Kutentha ndi kukwera kwa chinyezi, mofulumira rooting imapezeka. The thirty-digiri kutentha ndi pazipita lovomerezeka kutentha kwa rooting cuttings. 
Chizindikiro chotsimikizirika kuti tizidulidwe tayamba ndi kukula kwa masamba apamwamba. Pamene masamba atsopano amakula pamsana, chomeracho chikhoza kuikidwa mu chidebe chosiyana.
Kukula masamba kumakhala ndi ubwino wambiri pa kafalidwe ka mbewu:
- Mtengo wawung'ono udzakhala ndi makhalidwe onse a chomera cha kholo;
- Khosi la khofi lidzakula pachimake chaka choyamba chodzala;
- Mungathe kulima zipatso zoyamba za khofi chaka.
Zapadera za chisamaliro
Osakhalanso wofunikira kusamalira, mtengo wa khofi sungalole kusintha malo komanso ngakhale kutembenuza mphika! Kutembenuzira mphika pa 20-40 °, mukhoza kutsitsa tsamba kugwa.
Kutembenuzira mphika kudzaimitsa maluwa a mtengo ndi chipatso chomwe chayamba kugwa. Ndi kosavuta kuti wolima maluwa azikumbukire mbali iyi ya mtengo wa khofi komanso osasintha malo ake.
Mtengo wa khofi udzakongoletsa ndi minofu, mdima wobiriwira komanso wokongoletsera nyumba iliyonse kapena kukhalapo. Ndi kuleza mtima pang'ono ndi kusamala, ndipo muzaka zingapo mudzatha kumwa khofi kuchokera kumudzi umene muli nawo m'chipindamo.
Mukudziwa? Maluwa a khofi amatha masiku awiri mpaka 10. Fungo la khofi maluwa ndi lofooka pang'ono kuposa la citrus.
Kuthirira
Mofanana ndi zomera zina zamkati, m'chilimwe cha khofi, khofi amakonda zambiri kuthirira, m'nyengo yozizira kufunika kwa chinyezi kuchepa. Coffee imafuna kuthirira ndi madzi ozizira.
Mtengowo umalandira chinyezi kuchokera mlengalenga, kotero kupopera mankhwala pa tsamba kumafunika. Zimathandizanso kuti chomeracho chipukuta masamba ndi siponji yonyowa. Mukhoza kupanga nthawi yosamba madzi mumadzi otentha kapena kuthirira madzi m'madzi.
Feteleza
Mtengo uli bwino kumera kumapeto kwa nyengo ndi chilimwe, pamene mbewu ikukula mofulumira. Coffee imachita bwino ndi madzi amchere amathandizira kwambiri nayitrogeni ndi potaziyamu.
Mukhoza kudyetsa khofi ndi zitsamba zosungunuka za nkhuku (zitini zokwana 0,5 litre zamadzimadzi ozizira madzi pa malita 10 a madzi). Dyetsani chomera pansi pazu, pa nthaka yonyowa.
Chomeracho chimapangitsanso madzi osakaniza (200 g pa 10 makilogalamu a nthaka). Kuvala izi kumapangitsa kuti phosphorous ipeze. Kuyambira kasupe mpaka nyengo yozizira ikhoza kudyetsedwa mlungu uliwonse ndi zovuta feteleza kwa maluwa kapena azaleas. 
Zili ndi zinthu zonse zofunika za mtengo wa khofi. M'nyengo yozizira, mtengo sukhoza kudyetsa, pakubwera nthawi ya mpumulo.
Mapangidwe a korona
M'chaka choyamba, chomeracho chikumera ndi mmera wa 20-25 masentimita. Mu nyengo ya kukula, mmera umadzutsa masamba a axillary. Kumbali ya nthambi imamera, ndipo kuchokera kwa iwo imakula nthambi zachitatu.
Mtengo wa khofi umayamba kukula korona m'chaka chachiwiri cha nyengo yokula - sikufuna kusintha ndi kudulira. Nthambi za mtengo wa khofi zikukula mosiyana ndi thunthu, ndipo korona ya korona ndi yayikulu komanso yobiriwira.
Mmera wamkulu ukhoza kupangidwa ndi kudulira ndi kukanikiza. Izi kawirikawiri zimachitidwa m'milandu yotsatirayi:
- pamene magulu akuluakulu a chigoba amatha kusudzulana kwambiri ndi mbalizo ndipo sagwirizana ndi malo amkati omwe amasungidwira moyo wazomera;
- pamene korona wochulukitsa kwambiri umachepetsa kuyatsa chomera;
- pamene mukufunika kudula masamba obiriwira kuti mubzalitse zomera zatsopano.
Kuwaza
Zaka zitatu zoyambirira za moyo, mtengo wa khofi umaikidwa kamodzi pachaka, m'chaka. Chophimba choyamba chimatengedwa ndi masentimita khumi ndi awiri (12 cm). Kuika kwina kulikonse kumafuna chidebe chokhala ndi masentimita asanu.
Pambuyo pa zaka zitatu, chomera chofunikira chimafunika zaka zitatu zilizonse, koma nthaka yambiri mumphika (3-5 masentimita) imasintha chaka chilichonse. Ngati mtengo wasiya kusakanizidwa, sudzatha kutayika.
Ngakhale kuti, pokhapokha, pokhapokha khofi yakula kuchokera ku mbewu idzaphuka nthawi yoyamba mu chaka chachinai cha nyengo yokula.
Matenda komanso mavuto omwe angakumane nawo
Pakukula, mtengo wa khofi ukhoza kuwonedwa ndi chiwonongeko cha tizilombo towononga (nkhanambo, kangaude), matenda angayambe (bowa wakuda, etc.).
Pakhomo la kusamalira chomera chosavuta ndicho: Mutha kuthana ndi tsoka lililonse mwa kupukuta masamba kumbali zonse ziwiri ndi siponji yosakanizidwa ndi yankho la sopo.
Masamba a khofi akhoza kutayika mtundu wa mazira, kutayika, kutembenuka koyera mutabzalidwa mu nthaka yosakanizidwa. Coffee imadwala ngati kutentha mu chipinda chimene chimayimirira, chimagwa pansi pa 10 ° C. Ngati mpweya uli m'chipinda chouma kwambiri, mtengo umachita mwa kupotoza masamba.
Kodi tiyenera kuyembekezera nthawi yokolola?
Kulandira chomera chokongola, wolima munda akuyembekezera mwachidwi kukolola koyamba. Koma khofi yomwe imakula pambewu idzakondweretsa mlimiyo ndi burashi yoyamba ya zipatso osati kale kuposa chaka chachinai cha moyo. 
Mkhalidwe ndi chomera chochokera ku mizu ya khofi ndibwino pang'ono. Mtengo wotero ukhoza kukula zipatso zake m'chaka choyamba cha nyengo yokula.
Mukudziwa? Ngati mlimiyo alibe chidziwitso chokwanira, akhoza kusokonezeka ndi kubowola kwadzidzidzi kwa mbeu za khofi. Chomera chobiriwira cha khofi chimayamba kuuma ndipo chimadzazidwa ndi mabala a bulauni. Kukula, mawanga akuphatikizana, ndipo tsinde limakhala louma ndipo limapeza mtundu wofiirira. Palibe chowopsya, mmera wobiriwira, kukula, umatembenuka kukhala mtengo.
Kuwona malamulo osavuta okulitsa mtengo wa khofi panyumba, mukhoza kupeza phindu lopangira nyumba. Pozindikira momwe angamerekere khofi, wolima amatha kugawana ndi mtengo wake wa khofi ndi teknoloji yokula ndi wokonda kwambiri maluwa.
