Kufotokozera za mitundu yonse ya mbatata nthawi zonse - "Tuscany"

"Tuscany" ndi mbatata yokoma komanso yobala zipatso zambiri. Zingakhale zowonjezereka pa dothi losiyana, mitundu yosiyanasiyana ndi yabwino kwa minda, minda ndi minda yamakampani akuluakulu.

Zitsamba zimagonjetsedwa ndi matenda ndi tizilombo toononga, zimalola kuti nyengo izikhala bwino, ndipo mbewu siimatha kwa nthawi yaitali.

Mndandanda wowonjezereka wa zosiyana, zikuluzikulu zake ndi zida zaulimi zingapezeke m'nkhani yathu.

Zamkatimu:

• Matenda a Tuscany: kufotokoza zosiyanasiyana ndi chithunzi
• Mphamvu ndi zofooka
• Zizindikiro za muzu
• Chithunzi
• Zizindikiro za kukula
• Matenda ndi tizirombo

Chiyambi

Mitundu ya mbatata "Tuscany" yokhazikika ndi obereketsa Germany. Amene anayambitsa ndi Solana, kampani yomwe imapanga zowonjezera zamasamba.

Kalasi ikulimbikitsidwa kwa mafakitale kapena kulima amateur, Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tingabzalidwe pa nthaka iliyonsem'madera omwe ali ndi mapiri otentha kwambiri ku continental. Mbatata ndizoyenera kugulitsidwa, kupanga zinthu zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito limodzi (zokometsera zowonongeka, msuzi wosakaniza, chips).

Matenda a Tuscany: kufotokoza zosiyanasiyana ndi chithunzi

Maina a mayina	Toscany
Zomwe zimachitika	mkulu zokolola tebulo zosiyanasiyana
Nthawi yogonana	Masiku 70-90
Zosakaniza zowonjezera	12-14%
Misa yambiri yamalonda	90-125gr
Chiwerengero cha tubers kuthengo	7-11
Pereka	210-400 akuluakulu / ha
Mtundu wa ogulitsa	kukoma kwabwino, thupi silinali mdima pamene tagawidwa, zofooka zowiritsa zofewa
Chikumbumtima	93%
Mtundu wa khungu	chikasu
Mtundu wambiri	chikasu
Malo okonda kukula	zilizonse
Matenda oteteza matenda	zosiyana ndi zosagwirizana ndi nematode, khansara, nkhanambo, blackleg, rhizoctoniosis, moyenera kugonjetsedwa ndi mochedwa choipitsa ndi tuber flora
Zizindikiro za kukula	Kuphuka kwa tubers musanabzala sikufunika, kuthirira ndi kofunika m'nyengo youma
Woyambitsa	Solana (ku Germany)

Tuscany - tebulo lapakati la nyengo ya pakatikati. Zamasamba - masiku 70-90.

Kukonzekera kumadalira nyengo ndi nyengo yamtundu wa dothi, kuyambira pakati pa 210 mpaka 400 olemera pa hekitala. Chiwerengerochi chinalemba zokolola - okwana 460 pa hekitala. Mbatata imapsa mowa, mazira oyambirira akhoza kuwonongeka kale pakati pa chilimwe, koma kukolola kwakukulu kuyenera kuchepetsedwa mpaka kumapeto kwa nyengo yokula.

Gome ili m'munsi likuwonetsera zokolola za mitundu ina ya mbatata ndi mawu osiyana:

Maina a mayina	Pereka
Toscany	210-400 akuluakulu / ha
Rocco	350-600 c / ha
Nikulinsky	170-410 c / ha
Dona wofiira	160-340 c / ha
Uladar	350-700 c / ha
Mfumukazi Anne	100-500 c / ha
Elmundo	245-510 c / ha
Asterix	130-270 c / ha
Slavyanka	180-330 c / ha
Picasso	200-500 c / ha

Mizu yokolola imasungidwa bwino, malinga ndi chidziwitso cha boma, kusunga khalidwe kumafika pa 93%. Pakati yosungirako, tubers sizimataya khalidwe lawo la malonda; kusankhidwa kawirikawiri sikofunikira. Kutalika kwautali wamtali kotheka.

Werengani zambiri za momwe mawu ndi kutentha kwa mbatata amasungiramo, ndi mavuto ati omwe angabwere. Komanso, momwe mungasungire mbewu zozizira m'nyengo yozizira, pa khonde, muzitsulo, mufiriji ndi peeled.

Mu tebulo ili m'munsiyi, poyerekeza, tinapereka zidziwitso pazosiyana siyana za mitundu ya mbatata monga kuchuluka kwa malonda ogulitsa ndi kusunga khalidwe:

Maina a mayina	Mitengo ya tubers (magalamu)	Chikumbumtima
Toscany	90-125	93%
Innovator	100-150	95%
Labella	180-350	98%
Bellarosa	120-200	95%
Mtsinje	100-180	94%
Gala	100-140	85-90%
Lorch	90-120	96%
Lemongrass	75-150	90%

Mitengo ya kukula kwapakatikati, ndi nthambi zowonongeka bwino komanso zopanga zambirimbiri zobiriwira. Masamba ndi osakanikirana, amdima wobiriwira, okhala ndi mapewa ofooka omwe amawoneka bwino. Corollas akugwiritsidwa ntchito, amasonkhanitsidwa kuchokera ku maluwa akuluakulu, mofulumira akugwa. Zipatso ndizochepa.

Mzuwu umapangidwa bwino, umakhala pansi pa chitsamba chilichonse 7-11 mbatata zazikulu. Kuchuluka kwa zinthu zopanda mpikisano kuli kochepa.

Kubzala chisamaliro ndi kophweka. Mbatata imalimbikitsidwa kuti ikhale yokhazikika ndi yochiritsidwa ndi kukula kokondweretsa, nthaka imamasulidwa bwino, kutsukidwa kwa zosayera, feteleza ndi humus kapena phulusa la nkhuni. Kawiri pa nthawi yobzala, spud, pamene mukuchotsa namsongole. Kuteteza maonekedwe awo m'tsogolomu kungathandize mulching.

Mu nyengo yowuma, kuthirira kumalimbikitsidwa, izi zimapereka zokolola. N'zotheka kudyetsa kamodzi ndi mchere wambiri wothira feteleza kapena mankhwala.

Mitundu yosiyanasiyana imagonjetsedwa ndi khansara ya mbatata, golide yothandizira imatode, yowamba bwino, rhizoctoniosis, kuvunda kwa tuber, mwendo wakuda. Chakumapeto kwa choipitsa kukana kwa tubers ndi masamba ambiri.

Mphamvu ndi zofooka

Zina mwa ubwino waukulu wa zosiyanasiyana:

• kwambiri kukoma kwa kucha tubers;
• kukana kusokoneza makina;
• kudzichepetsa;
• kulekerera nyengo zakuthambo;
• kulekerera kwa chilala;
• nthawi yopuma yopuma;
• zokolola zabwino;
• Kukaniza matenda omwe amachititsa kuti thupi liziyenda bwino.

Zizindikiro za muzu

• Tizilombo ting'onoting'ono ting'onoting'ono ting'onoting'ono ting'onoting'ono tomwe timapitirira 90 mpaka 125 g
• mawonekedwe ozungulira-oval;
• Mizu ya masamba ndi yokongola, yodzikongoletsa, yofanana ndi mawonekedwe ake;
• peel ndi yonyezimira, yamitundu yofanana, yochepa thupi, yosalala;
• maso osadziwika, osazama, ochepa, osavala;
• zamkati padulidwa ndi chikasu kapena chikasu;
• Zakudya zowonjezera ndizochepa, kuyambira 12 mpaka 14%;
• nkhani yowuma 19%;
• zakudya zamapuloteni, mavitamini, beta carotene.

Mbatata ili ndi kukoma kokoma, siuma kwambiri ndipo si madzi. Tubers pamene kudula musadetse, pamene mukuphika musaphike mofewa, mukhale ndi chikasu chowala. Mbatata ikhoza kuphikidwa, yokazinga, stewed, yophika, ndi yabwino kupanga mbatata yosenda. Zingagwiritsidwe ntchito pazinthu zamakampani, zitsamba zamasamba zimapanga zipsera zabwino, magawo osungunuka kapena mbatata yosakanikirana.

Chithunzi

Timakupatsani inu kuti mudziwe bwino mbatata "Tuscany" mu chithunzi:

Zizindikiro za kukula

Mbatata ndizosafunika kuti zisamalire komanso sizikufuna njira zamakono zaulimi. Ndibwino kuti mukuwerenga Dothi lachonde lachonde, koma kubzala lolemera loam ndi kotheka. Pankhaniyi, nthaka iyenera kumera ndi humus, ndikukula ndikudyetsanso zomera ndi fetereza feteleza.

Kufika kumachitika m'nthaka yotentha kwambiri, nthawi yeniyeni imadalira dera. Nthaka iyenera kumasulidwa mosamalitsa, tchire zili pamtunda wa masentimita 30, ndi mzere wa masentimita 60. Kuzama ndi kochepa, osati masentimita 10.

Chikondi cha mbatataNdikoyenera kulingalira kachitidwe ka ulimi wothirira. Ngati izi sizingatheke, bzalani kawiri pa nyengo ndi dothi lochepetsedwa ndi 50 masentimita. Kuti mukhale ndi msinkhu wabwino, zimalimbikitsidwa kuti mukhale ndi mizere pakati pa udzu kapena udzu.

Kudyetsa kulimbikitsidwa kudyetsa kamodzi ndi zinthu zakuthupi kapena fetereza feteleza. Maofesi a azitrogeni sangathe kuchitiridwa nkhanza, tubers adzakhala yaying'ono ndi yaing'ono. Gwiritsani ntchito ndi petiar top dressing ndi mankhwala amadzimadzi a superphosphate. Zitsamba zimatulutsidwa masiku khumi asanakolole.

Pali njira zambiri zowonjezera mbatata. Takukonzerani zambiri zosangalatsa pa mutu uwu. Werengani za teknoloji ya Dutch ndi kupeza mbewu popanda kupalira ndi kukwera, kukula kwa mitundu yoyambirira ndi momwe mungasinthire bizinesiyi kukhala bizinesi yopindulitsa. Ndiponso momwe mungamere mbatata kuchokera ku mbewu, pansi pa udzu, mu mbiya, mu matumba, mabokosi.

Matenda ndi tizirombo

Mitundu yosiyanasiyana imagonjetsedwa ndi matenda ambiri: khansara ya mbatata, golidi yoyambira nematode, wamba wamba, rhizoctoniosis. Nthawi zambiri anakhudzidwa mochedwa choipitsa cha tubers ndi masamba.

Pofuna kupewa kubzala ndikulimbikitsidwa kupopera mankhwala ozunguza zamkuwa. Kukhalitsa phulusa mumtunda mutabzala kudzakuthandizani kuteteza mawonekedwe a zowola kapena blackleg.

Werenganinso za Alternaria, fusarium ndi mabala obiriwira a mbatata.

Pogwiritsa ntchito tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, chiopsezo chachikulu chodzala chimayimiridwa ndi chirombo cha Colorado mbatata ndi mphutsi, mbozi, zimbalangondo, njenjete za mbatata. Pa webusaiti yathu mudzapeza zambiri zothandiza pamfundoyi:

• Mmene mungagwirire ndi Colorado mbatata kachilomboka: mankhwala amtundu ndi mankhwala.
• Mmene mungachotsere wireworm m'munda.
• Kukonzekera njenjete ya mbatata: gawo 1 ndi gawo 2.
• Mmene mungagwirire ndi Medvedka mothandizidwa ndi mankhwala amadzimadzi komanso mankhwala.

Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda timathandizidwa ndi tizilombo touluka. Kuteteza kubzala kuchokera ku wireworm kungathandizidwenso ndi tubers, kupiritsa mankhwala m'thupi musanadzalemo. Pokolola, ndikofunika kusankha mitundu yonse yomwe imatha kukhala malo opangira mphutsi.

Zosiyanasiyana "Tuscany" - Chisankho chabwino kwa okonda mbatata zapamwamba za kuswana. Mbiri ya kampani imatsimikizira kwambiri zokolola, zabwino kukoma ndi kaso maonekedwe a tubers. Miphika imagonjetsedwa ndi matenda, samasowa kupweteka kwambiri, imakhala mizu pa nthaka iliyonse.

Timakupatsanso inu mitundu ina ya mbatata ndi mawu osiyana:

Kutseka kochedwa	Kuyambira m'mawa oyambirira	Kumapeto kwenikweni
Picasso	Black Prince	Makhalidwe abwino
Ivan da Marya	Nevsky	Lorch
Rocco	Kumasulira	Ryabinushka
Slavyanka	Mbuye wa zotsamba	Nevsky
Kiwi	Ramos	Chilimbikitso
Kadinali	Taisiya	Kukongola
Asterix	Lapot	Milady
Nikulinsky	Caprice	Vector	Dolphin	Svitanok Kiev	Wosamalira	Sifra	Odzola	Ramona