Kukolola koyamba kwa anzeru wamaluwa - Minerva mbatata: kufotokoza zosiyanasiyana ndi chithunzi

Mitengo yapamwamba yoyambirira imakulolani kuti mukolole mbatata pakati pa chilimwe ndipo oyambirira kusangalala ndi kukoma kwa achinyamata tubers. Odyetsa amapereka mitundu yambiri yosangalatsa, yomwe Minerva imakhala pamalo abwino.

Mbatata imakhala yokoma, yokongola, yobala zipatso. Mitundu yoyamba ya tubers ikhoza kuthyoledwa mu masiku 35 mutabzala, chimbudzi chochuluka chimakololedwa kumapeto kwa nyengo yokula.

Phunzirani zonse za mbatata ya Minerva - kufotokozera zosiyanasiyana, zithunzi, makhalidwe a mbewu, maonekedwe ndi malamulo a kulima mu chiwembu chanu!

Mbatata "Minerva": kufotokoza zosiyanasiyana ndi zithunzi

Makhalidwe osiyanasiyana a mbatata "Minerva":

Kodi mbatata ya Minerva ikuwoneka bwanji, yang'anani chithunzi pansipa:

Perekani makhalidwe

Mitundu ya mbatata "Minerva" imatanthauza chipinda chodyera m'malo operekera zakudya. Tubers mwamsanga kulemera, woyamba yokolola akhoza kuchotsedwa patapita masiku 35 kuchokera kumera. Pa dothi lachonde, zokolola zoyambirira zimafikira anthu okwana 230 pa hekitala.

Anasonkhanitsa tubers yosungidwa bwinopopanda kutaya malonda. Kutha kuli kotheka.

Chitsambachi n'chophwanyidwa, choongoka, osati chamtundu wambiri, chokhala ndi mtundu wobiriwira. Masamba ndi osakanikirana, kukula kwa mdima wobiriwira ndi mapiri pang'ono. The corolla ndi compact, lalikulu woyera maluwa kugwa mwamsanga, popanda zingwe zipatso.

Mizu yayamba bwino, pansi pa chitsamba chilichonse chimapangidwa 15-20 ngakhale lalikulu tubers. Pali zochepa zosaoneka, zomwe zingagwiritsidwe ntchito ngati mbewu. Mbewu zadothi sizikutha, mbatata yokololedwa pa chiwembu chawo imasonyeza makhalidwe onse a amai.

Agrotechnical kulima mbatata ndi yosavuta, ndi zofunika kusamalira, tubers zipse pamodzi ndi mofulumira. Zosiyanasiyana zimakonda nthaka yokhala ndi nthaka yakuda kapena mchenga. Kuonjezera chiwerengero cha zakudya kumathandiza kuyambitsa peat, manyowa, humus.

Zomera zimafuna chinyezi chokwanira, chilala nthawi zonse chimachepetsa zokolola. Zitsamba zikuunjikana, kupanga mapiri okwera. Kuchotsa namsongole kumathandiza mulching ndi udzu kapena udzu.

Mukhoza kuyerekezera zokolola za Minerva ndi mitundu ina yochokera pa deta yomwe ili patebulo:

Zosiyanasiyana Kulimbana ndi matenda ambiri oopsa: Khansa ya mbatata, golidi yamkati nematode, wamba wamba, Fusarium, Alternaria, ndi Verticillia, mavairasi osiyanasiyana.

Kawirikawiri amakhudzidwa ndi mochedwa choipitsa masamba kapena tubers. Kulephera kutsatira malamulo a agrotechnology kungayambitse matenda ndi mwendo wakuda kapena zowola.

Tubers ali ndi zokoma zosangalatsa. Zakudya zochepa za wowuma siziwalola kuti zikhale zowonongeka ndi kugwaZakudya zophika zimasunga mtundu woyera. Muzu wa zamasamba ukhoza kukazinga, kuphika, kupakidwa kapena kuphika, amapanga mbatata yosakaniza mafuta. Zingagwiritsidwe ntchito pazinthu zamakampani, mafinya a French, mavitanidwe a masamba, msuzi wa msuzi amapangidwa ndi tubers.

Chiyambi

Mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya "Minerva" yobadwira ndi odyera achi Dutch. Amatulutsidwa mu boma lolemba mabuku ku Russian Federation, lomwe limalimbikitsa kulima m'madera ambiri a nyengo ndi maiko. Malingana ndi nyengo, nthawi zofika zimatha kusintha.

M'madera otentha, 2 zokolola zimatha. mbatata pa chilimwe. Kalasi ikulimbikitsidwa kwa mlimi kapena kulima amamu.

Mphamvu ndi zofooka

Zinthu zazikuluzikuluzi ndizo:

• kukoma;
• kucha kucha msanga;
• chokolola chachikulu;
• bwino kusunga khalidwe;
• tubers mwamsanga kudziunjikira misa;
• 2 zimapereka pachaka zotheka;
• mbatata amadwala kutentha kwa madzi kapena kusowa kwa chinyezi;
• kukana matenda aakulu.

Zing'onozing'ono zovuta zomwe zimakhala zosiyana kwambiri za mitundu yoyambirira zingaganizidwe osati lowala kwambiri. Kukonzekera kumadalira nyengo ndi chonde.

Mu tebulo ili m'munsiyi mudzapeza zizindikiro za zizindikiro zofunika kwambiri za mitundu ina ya mbatata poyerekeza ndi Minerva:

Zizindikiro za kukula

Pakuti kubzala amasankhidwa lalikulu tubers lolemera 80 g. Mu nyengo yovuta, iwo amapereka zomera ndi zakudya zokwanira. Pofuna kukulitsa kukula, zimalimbikitsa kutentha ma tubers m'madzi otentha, ndiyeno ndikuwatsata ndi kukula kokondweretsa.

Pofuna chitetezo chochuluka, mbewu imayambitsidwa mobwerezabwereza ndi mankhwala a fungicide. Pambuyo pokonza, tubers zouma bwino, zonsezi ziyenera kuyamwa bwino. Ndiye tubers zimamera mu kuwala. Kuwonekera kwa mphukira zoyera zoyera pafupifupi 2 cm kutalika ndi chizindikiro chofika mwamsanga.

Kufalikira mbatata kungakhale mbewu. Kulima kumakhala kochepa, m'chaka choyamba zokolola zimakhala zochepa kwambiri, koma mu nyengo yachiwiri zomera zimasonyeza makhalidwe onse abwino, tubers zidzakhala zazikulu.

Ndi bwino kubzala mbatata mu nthaka yotentha, kutentha kwake kuyenera kupitirira madigiri 10. Ndizosavuta kuyika mbewuzo m'mizera, tubersyi imayikidwa m'mabowo, feteleza ndi manyowa ndi phulusa. Zitsamba zimayikidwa pamtunda wa masentimita 30-35 kuchokera pa mzake, kusiyana kwake sikuyenera kukhala pansi pa masentimita 60. Kuzama kwa mbeu ya mizu ndi pafupifupi masentimita 10.

Pa nyengo yobzala, perekani feteleza wambiri kapena diluted mullein. Nthawi komanso momwe mungapangire kudyetsa kuwerenga apa. Zosiyanasiyana chinyezi. Kuti mupereke zokolola zambiri, kuthirira ulimi wothirira kulimbikitsidwa.

Kuti nthaka isaduke, ndipo namsongole sakuvutitsa mbatata yaying'ono, mizere pakati pa mizere imakhala ndi udzu, udzu kapena peat. 1-2 nthawi kubzala spud, kupanga mapiri okwera.

Onaninso za njira zina za mbatata zowonjezera: teknolojia ya Dutch, komanso matumba ndi mbiya.

Mlungu umodzi usanakolole akulimbikitsidwa kudula nsongazoIzi zidzalola kuti tubers idzipe msanga mofulumira. Pambuyo kukumba, mizu yayuma m'malire kapena pansi pa denga, yosankhidwa ndi kuyeretsedwa pamalo ozizira. Mbewu ya chaka chotsatira imasungidwa mosiyana.

Matenda ndi tizirombo

Mitundu yosiyanasiyana imagonjetsedwa ndi matenda oopsa omwe amachititsa matendawa: khansa ya mbatata, mavairasi osiyanasiyana, golide ndi nematode, wamba wamba. Kusakaniza koyambirira kumateteza kubzala motsutsana ndi vuto lochedwa. Poletsa kupewa, chithandizo chamankhwala cha tubers ndi nthaka ndi zovuta za fungicides zimalimbikitsidwa.

Dosed kuthirira ndi kuthirira nthaka kumathandiza kuteteza zomera ku phazi yoyezera.

Mtedza wa mbatata wobiriwira umakopa tizirombo zosiyanasiyana: Colorado mbatata kafadala, thrips, nsabwe za m'masamba. Monga njira yowonetsera, ndizothandiza kupopera tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, ndi bwino kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala oopsa poyambitsa maluwa ambiri.

Kuchokera ku mphutsi za tizilombo zimateteza Kupalira ndi kusintha nthawi ndi kusinthanitsa minda. Mbatata ali makamaka anabzala alternately ndi kabichi, nyemba, udzu zitsamba.

Timakumbukiranso zambiri zokhudzana ndi nkhondo ya Colorado m'munda wanu.

Werengani nkhani zokhudzana ndi kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala komanso kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ochiritsira.

Ponena za kusungirako zokolola, palibe zovuta apa. Onetsetsani nthawi yosungirako, sankhani malo abwino ndikukumbukira malo osungiramo mbatata m'nyengo yozizira ndipo mutha kudya zakudya zokoma ndi zathanzi kwa nthawi yaitali.

Pansi pa tebulo mudzapeza zokhudzana ndi zipangizo za mbatata ndi mawu osiyana: