Mitengo ya mbatata yoyamba yopangidwa ndi alangizi a ku Germany ndi yeniyeni yeniyeni kwa iwo omwe amalima ndiwo zamasamba m'mayiko omwe ali ndi nyengo yovuta.
Zili ndi ubwino wambiri - siziwopa chilala ndipo zimalola mosavuta kulephera kuyenda, zimakomera bwino pang'ono ndi tinthu ting'onoting'ono ta tubers.
M'nkhani ino tidzakudziwitsani mwatsatanetsatane za Veneta (Vineta) ya mbatata, yosiyana kwambiri ndi gawo la Central Asia.
Mbatata "Veneta" kufotokozera mitundu, makhalidwe
| Maina a mayina | Veneta |
| Zomwe zimachitika | kumayambiriro, ndikumvetsera bwino, osaopa kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe kake, koyenera kukula m'mavuto |
| Nthawi yogonana | Masiku 65-75 |
| Zosakaniza zowonjezera | 13-15% |
| Misa yambiri yamalonda | 70-100 gr |
| Chiwerengero cha tubers kuthengo | 10-12 |
| Pereka | mpaka makilogalamu 400 / ha |
| Mtundu wa ogulitsa | kukoma, samayiritsa mofewa, oyenera saladi |
| Chikumbumtima | 87% |
| Mtundu wa khungu | chikasu |
| Mtundu wambiri | kuwala kofiira |
| Malo okonda kukula | analimbikitsidwa kumadera okhala ndi nyengo yosautsa ya mbatata |
| Matenda oteteza matenda | pang'ono kugonjetsedwa ndi vuto lochedwa |
| Zizindikiro za kukula | kuthirira kwina kulimbikitsidwa, nayitrogeni feteleza owononga amavulaza ndi rafu moyo |
| Woyambitsa | EUROPLANT PFLANZENZUCHT GMBH (Germany) |
Mipukutuyi idafalikira pakati pa zaka za m'ma 1900 ku Germany, inalowa mu Register Register ya mitundu ya Russian Federation mu 2002 ku North Caucasus ndi Central. Oyamba anayambitsa kupanga mbatata ndi chitetezo champhamvu kwambiri cha thupi komanso kuteteza matenda ambiri. Ndipo, makamaka, iwo anachita izo.
Veneta ndi ya mitundu yambiri ya mbatata, nthawi yolima imakhala masiku 60 mpaka 70. Komabe, mukhoza kuyamba kukolola mbatata zatsopano masiku osachepera 45. Zokolola ndi zabwino, kwa nthawi yonse yosonkhanitsira mukhoza kufika 30 t / ha ya mbatata. Kugulitsa kwathunthu ndiwopambana 97%.
Tubers ku Veneta ndi zazikulu kukula ndi mawonekedwe ozungulira. Mtundu umodzi wa malonda amtunduwu umasiyana ndi 70 mpaka 100 g. Kawirikawiri chitsamba chimodzi chingakhale ndi mbatata 12 mpaka 12-15. Mtundu wa peel ukhoza kukhala wosiyana ndi chikasu mpaka mdima wandiweyani ndi "kusinthasintha".
Mukhoza kufanizitsa zokolola za Veneta ndi mitundu ina ya mbatata pogwiritsa ntchito tebulo ili m'munsiyi:
| Maina a mayina | Kupereka (kg / ha) | Chiwerengero cha tubers mu chitsamba (pc) |
| Mkazi aziwonekeratu | 140-270 | mpaka 15 |
| Labella | 180-350 | mpaka 14 |
| Melody | 180-640 | 7-11 |
| Margarita | 300-400 | 7-12 |
| Alladin | 450-500 | 8-12 |
| Chilimbikitso | 160-430 | 6-9 |
| Sifra | 180-400 | 9-11 |
| Phika | 100-200 | 6-11 |
Chithunzi
Onani m'munsimu zithunzi: mbatata zosiyanasiyana Veneta
Maso pa tubers amapanga osati ochuluka, ndipo mwa iwo okha ali ang'ono ndipo pafupifupi imperceptible. Mbatata za zosiyanasiyanazi zimakhala zabwino kwambiri ndipo sizikhala ndi 13-15% wowonjezera. Tubers amadziwikanso ndi mfundo yakuti, monga lamulo, iwo alibe zofooka zakuthupi.
Zitsamba zotsika kwambiri (mpaka 70 masentimita mu msinkhu), mtundu wopopera. Pakati pa maluwa maluwa ang'onoang'ono oyera amaoneka. Masamba, nawonso, sali osiyana mu kukula kwakukulu, amakhala ndi chobiriwira chobiriwira ndi khalidwe loipa pamphepete.
Zida
Veneta mbatata imakhala ndi maonekedwe abwino kwambiri, ndipo thupi lake silinayambe kutentha kapena kutayika panthawi ya chithandizo cha kutentha. Zikhoza kugwiritsidwa ntchito pophika mbale iliyonse yopangidwa ndi manja, koma ndizoyenera kuti zisawonongeke komanso zipangidwe za French.
Kuonjezera apo, tubers za mitunduyi zimakhala ndi khalidwe lopambana la kusunga, kotero kuti adzatha kunama popanda mavuto kwa miyezi ingapo m'chipinda chanu chapansi. Za momwe mungasunge mbatata m'nyengo yozizira, ndi malo otani omwe mungasankhe ndi utali wotani muzigawo zosiyana pa tsamba lathu.
Mbewu imalolera chilala bwino ndipo chifukwa cha izi kwa nthawi yaitali popanda ulimi wothirira. Mbaliyi idzakhala yopindulitsa makamaka kwa wamaluwa omwe amakhala m'madera akummwera ndipo sangathe kuyenda nthawi zambiri kumalo awo. Mwa njira, chifukwa cha kukana kwa chilala Veneta ndi wotchuka kwambiri ku Central ndi South Asia.
Chinthu china chabwino chimatsutsana kwambiri ndi dothi. Malowa amachulukitsa zonse zomwe zimalimidwa ndi njira zake. Mwinamwake inu mudzakhala zothandiza zokhudza teknoloji ya Dutch yakukula mbatata, komanso momwe mungachitire izo mu mbiya kapena matumba.
Kuti mupeze mbewu zabwino kwambiri, muyenera kusankha musanako musanayambe kubzala - omwe ali ndi zolemera zosachepera 35 ndipo osapitirira 85 g ayenera kukhala oyenera kubzala.
Mabedi amapangidwa bwino pa phiri loyeretsedwa, ndipo kuya kwazomwe ziyenera kukhala pafupifupi 10 masentimita. Nthawi yomweyo musanabzala, sizingatheke kuti muzitha kupanga tubers ndi zopatsa mphamvu, monga "Muzu" kapena "Heteroauxin", mukhoza kugwiritsa ntchito fungicides.
ZOFUNIKA KWAMBIRI! Mbali imodzi yokha ya nthaka ingasokoneze kukula kwa mbatata za zosiyanasiyana. Ndi mkulu wa nayitrojeni m'nthaka kukula kwa mbewu kumakhala pang'onopang'ono, komwe kumayambanso tsiku lokolola.
M'tsogolomu, chomeracho chidzafuna kupuma, kumasula ndi kukwera. Izi zimakhudza kwambiri zokolola zabwino za mbeu zanu. Kuyamba kokwera bwino kumachitika masabata asanu ndi limodzi mutatha kutuluka, izi zidzasintha kwambiri mapangidwe a tubers. Zovala zapamwamba sizofunikira kuti kukula kwa mbatata izi zikhale bwino. Komabe, ngati mukufunabe kuzigwiritsa ntchito, ndibwino kuti muchite mutangotha kuthirira kapena mvula, kuti musayatse mizu ya mbewu.
Kodi mungamange bwanji mbatata, momwe mungachitire mutabzala, werengani zipangizo zapadera pa tsamba lathu.
Agrotechnics za izi zosiyanasiyana ndizosawerengeka, musaiwale za mulching, zomwe zingakhale zothandiza.
Mu tebulo ili m'munsiyi mukhoza kupeza zazikulu za mitundu ina ya mbatata:
| Maina a mayina | Zosakaniza zowonjezera | Chikumbumtima |
| League | 12-16% | 93% |
| Milena | 11-14% | 95% |
| Elmundo | 12-14% | 97% |
| Cheri | 11-15% | 91% |
| Chisangalalo cha Bryansk | 16-18% | 94% |
| Ariel | 13-16% | 94% |
| Borovichok | 13-17% | 94% |
| Toscany | 12-14% | 93% |
Matenda ndi tizirombo
Monga tanenera kale, Veneta ali ndi kukana kwachibadwa kwa mitundu yonse ya matenda ndi tizirombo. Mungathe kuiwala za mavuto ngati awa: mavairasi A ndi Y, tsamba lopanda tsamba, khansara, mwendo wakuda, nkhanambo, bulauni, nematode, alternariosis ndi fusarium ndi ena.
Nthenda yokha yomwe ingakhale yoopsa pa zosiyanasiyanazi ndi kuchepa kochedwa. Komabe, ngati mukutsatira zofunika zofunika kusamalira mbatata (kupalira, hilling), simungachite mantha ndi matendawa. Ngati mukufunabe kusewera bwinobwino, mukhoza kuchita kupopera mankhwala ndi zinthu "Acrobat" kapena "Ridomil Gold." Musanyalanyaze ntchito ya herbicides ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda. Werengani za kuvulaza ndi zopindulitsa pazinthu zathu zamakono.
Timakambirananso nkhani zotsutsana ndi Colorado beetle mbatata yanu.Werengani zonse za mankhwala ochiritsidwa ndi anthu komanso mankhwala.
Mbatata Veneta ndi imodzi mwa mitundu yomwe mungathe kubzala ndi kusadandaula za izo popanda khama. Izi mosakayikira ndi imodzi mwa mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mbatata, yomwe imakonda kwambiri m'madera akum'mwera chifukwa cha kuchepa kwake. Komabe, idzakhala mphatso yeniyeni ya malo kumalo ena. Veneta imalimbikitsidwa kwambiri kwa wamaluwawo omwe alibe chidziwitso chabwino pa kulima mbatata.
Tikukufotokozerani kuti mudziwe mitundu ina yomwe ili ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya kucha:
| Superstore | Kukula msinkhu | Kuyambira m'mawa oyambirira |
| Mlimi | Bellarosa | Innovator |
| Minerva | Timo | Zabwino |
| Kiranda | Spring | Mkazi wachimerika |
| Karatop | Arosa | Krone |
| Juvel | Impala | Onetsetsani |
| Meteor | Zorachka | Elizabeth |
| Zhukovsky oyambirira | Colette | Vega | Mtsinje | Kamensky | Tiras |
