Kaloti - chikhalidwe chomwe, chifukwa chambiri mavitamini ndi zakudya, zilipo pafupifupi tebulo lililonse. Pali mitundu yambiri ya kaloti, malo ofunikira omwe ndi osiyanasiyana "Sentyabrina".
M'nkhaniyi mudzapeza nthano yokhudzana ndi zinthu zosiyanasiyanazi, komanso mfundo zambiri zokhudzana ndi zovuta zomwe zimalidwa, tizilombo toyambitsa matenda ndi kukolola ndi kusunga mbewu. Mudzaphunzira za kusiyana ndi kufanana kwa "September" ndi mitundu yambiri ya kaloti.
Kufotokozera mwatsatanetsatane ndi kufotokoza
Mitundu yosiyanasiyana "Sentyabrina" ndi yotchuka kwambiri pakati pa alimi ndi wamaluwa chifukwa cha makhalidwe abwino.
Maonekedwe
Chomeracho chimakhala ndi timeneti timene timakhala tating'ono, masambawo ndi apakati, obiriwira obiriwira. Fomu - srednerassechennaya. Zipatso ndizitsulo, pa nsonga pang'ono zopapatiza.
Muzu pamwamba ndi yosalala, yoonda khungu. Mtundu wobiriwira wobiriwira. Chimake ndi chowala chalanje. Kutalika kwa chipatso ndi 16-17 masentimita, kulemera kwake kumasiyanasiyana ndi 100 mpaka 180 g.
Ndi mtundu wotani?
"Sentyabrina" ndi pakati pa mitundu ya pakati pa nyengo.
Mitengo ya fructose ndi beta carotene
100 g ya kaloti zosiyanasiyana "Sentyabrina" ali ndi 17.4 mg wa beta-carotene. Mtengo wa fructose mu chipatso chimodzi umasiyana ndi 6.1 mpaka 8.9%.
Nthawi yofesa
Kufesa kaloti zosiyanasiyana "Sentyabrina" amawerengedwa kuti ndi ofanana. Mbewu zafesedwa pakati pa mwezi wa April.
Mbewu kumera
Mitundu ya kumera Mbeu "Sentyabrina" imakhala pakati pa 77 ndi 94%. Chotsatira chomaliza chimadalira dera la kulima ndi kusamalira bwino mbewu.
Kuchuluka kwa fetus kulemera
Kuchuluka kwa kaloti "Sentyabrina" - 140 g Kulemera kwake - 250 g.
Kukonzekera kuchokera ku hekita 1
Kuchokera pa 1 ha mukhoza kupeza kuchokera ku 235 mpaka 540 omwe ali ndi kaloti. Mtengo wochuluka wa kaloti "Sentyabrina", yomwe ingapezeke kuchokera ku mahekitala 1, ndiwo anthu 600. Chizindikiro ichi chinapezeka m'dera la Krasnodar.
Kusankhidwa ndi kusunga khalidwe
Ponena za cholinga cha zosiyanasiyana, zipatso za karoti zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pophika, zingagwiritsidwe ntchito zonse zatsopano komanso zam'chitini.
Zigawo zikukula
Odyetsa amalimbikitsa kulitsa karoti zosiyanasiyana pa gawo la madera awa:
- Ural
- East Siberia.
- Kumadzulo kwa Siberia.
Kodi mukulimbikitsidwa kuti mupange chiyani?
Chomera chimalimbikitsidwa kukula mu nthaka yotseguka, koma kubereketsa wowonjezera kutentha kumaloledwanso.
Kukaniza matenda ndi tizirombo
Ndi chisamaliro chapamwamba, chomeracho n'cholimba kwambiri kwa pafupifupi matenda onse a karoti, kupatulapo matenda opatsirana. Pakati pa tizirombo, slugs ndi nsabwe za m'masamba ndizoopsa..
Kutulutsa
Kuchokera nthawi yofesa mbeu m'nthaka komanso isanakwane yokolola zipatso, zimatengera pafupifupi masiku 120.
Kodi nthaka imakonda chiyani?
Njira yoyenera yolima kaloti "Sentyabrina" amawoneka ngati loam ndi sandstone.
Frost kukana ndi transportability
Chomeracho chimagonjetsedwa kwambiri ndi chisanu, koma pokhala ndi nthawi yosungiramo zipatso kumalo ozizira, zimataya zonse zopindulitsa. Kaloti amalekerera nthawi zambiri zoyendetsa nthawi.popanda kutaya nkhani yanu.
Kukonzekera kwa minda ndi minda yaulimi
Chifukwa cha zokolola zambiri za karoti mitundu "Sentyabrina", komanso kuyenda bwino, chomeracho chikukula m'madera ambiri a minda ndi minda yaulimi.
Kuonjezerapo, pali zokolola zabwino za malonda - pafupifupi 95% ya mbeuyi akhoza kugulitsidwa.
Mbiri yobereka
Karoti zosiyanasiyana "Sentyabrina" anapezeka m'zaka za zana la 20 ndi obereketsa ku Siberia. Lero, mbewu za ndiwo zamasamba zikuphatikizidwa mu bukhu la boma la Russia.
Kodi kusiyana kotani ndi mitundu ina ya kaloti?
Mitundu ya karoti "Sentyabrina", poyerekezera ndi ena oimira chikhalidwechi, ali ndi mbali zingapo zosiyana:
- lili ndi carotene wambiri, pafupifupi 17.4 mg pa 100 g ya mankhwala;
- zosiyana zokolola;
- zokolola zapamwamba (mpaka mahekitala 600 pa hekta imodzi, yomwe ili pamwamba kwambiri kuposa zizindikiro zomwe zimapezeka mu mitundu NIIOK 336 ndi Vitamini 6).
Mphamvu ndi zofooka
Mwazinthu zazikulu za karoti zosiyanasiyana "Sentyabrina", pali:
- mavitamini ndi zakudya zambiri, makamaka carotene ndi fructose;
- zokolola zazikulu;
- mwayi wosungirako nthawi yonse yozizira;
- Kukhalapo kwa kukoma kokometsetsa kuti mugwiritse ntchito chipatso chophikira mbale zosiyanasiyana, kusungirako ndi kumwa.
Zina mwa zofooka za mitundu yosiyanasiyana zomwe amangoziwona ndizosowa mwayi wokhala m'madera onse a Russia.
Kukula
Kubzala mbewu m'nthaka kumachitika pakati pa mwezi wa April. Nthaka iyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito ku sandstone kapena loam. Malo amasankhidwa bwino, chifukwa ndi karoti wambiri amakula mokoma ndi yowutsa mudyo.
Zomera zimayikidwa mu mizere yomwe inakonzedweratu pasadakhale ndi madzi osakaniza, kuya kwake kumakhala pafupifupi masentimita atatu, kenako mizereyo imayidwa bwino ndi nthaka yochepa.
Pambuyo pa kutuluka kwa mphukira zoyamba, chomeracho chidzafuna chisamaliro choyenera, chophatikizapo machitidwe monga:
- kuthirira;
- chovala;
- chithandizo cha nthaka.
Ponena za kuvala, kaloti sizimafuna kuchuluka kwa zakudya zowonjezera, choncho nthawi yonse ya kukula, zidzakwanira kuchita 2-3 kuvala. Ndibwino kuti musagwiritsire ntchito mankhwalawa mobwerezabwereza, chifukwa izi zidzafulumizitsa kukula kwa nsonga za zipatso, koma osati zipatso.
Kaloti amatha kulekerera pang'onopang'ono nthawi zouma, koma akulimbikitsanso kuthirira madzi nthawi zonse. Kuthirira sikuyenera kukhala wochuluka, chifukwa chomera sichimalola chinyezi chokhazikika.
Nthawi zina nkofunika kumasula mabedi, zimathandiza kuti mpweya uzitha kufalikira m'nthaka ndikupatseni chinyezi m'nthaka kwa nthawi yaitali. Kaloti ayenera kukhala wochepa thupi, chifukwa ngati umakula kwambiri, udzafooka komanso wodwala.
Kukolola ndi kusungirako
Nthawi yabwino yosonkhanitsa kaloti "Sentyabrina" imatengedwa kuti ndi September-October. Kwa yosungirako yaitali, sankhani zitsanzo zabwino kwambiri., kaloti wofooka kapena wodwala amagawidwa ndi masamba ndipo amagwiritsidwa ntchito poyamba.
Njira yodalirika yosungiramo kaloti zoterezi ndizindikiritsidwa poizitsanulira ndi mchenga woyera, wouma. Izi zimateteza zomera ku bowa ndi mabakiteriya, kusunga karoti mpaka kasupe ndi yowutsa mudyo ndi zotanuka. Ndi bwino kusunga kaloti m'chipinda chapansi.
Matenda ndi tizirombo
Mwazirombo ndi tizilombo toononga zomwe zimakhudza September, zotsatirazi:
- Karoti ntchentche. Zimakhala zovuta kuthetseratu karoti, chifukwa imayika mazira kawiri pachaka. Ngati tizilombo timadula karoti ndiye kuti tithane ndi mankhwala monga Actellic, Inta-Vir, Sharpay.
- Karoti listobloshka. Amayambitsa madzi kuchokera ku chomera, kuumitsa. Kutaya kugwiritsa ntchito kulowetsedwa kwa lalanje.
- Karoti njenjete. Amadyetsa zomera zopsa. Pofuna kuthetsa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, nsongazo zimatulutsidwa ndi nsonga zapamwamba za tomato ndi sopo.
- Fomoz. Zipatso zimapanga mawanga amdima ndi madontho ang'onoang'ono akuda. Matendawa amatha kutetezedwa, chifukwa ichi, mbewu zimaumitsidwa musanabzalidwe ndi kuonjezera kutsekemera kwa feteleza a potashi.
Mavuto osiyanasiyana
Pamene mukukula kaloti "Sentyabrina" mavuto awa angabwere.:
- Chipatso chosokonekera. Pofuna kupewa vutoli, nkofunika kukolola panthawi yake komanso kuti musagwiritsire ntchito feteleza.
- Pangani kusintha. Kuti kukula kwa kaloti ndi mawonekedwe olondola ndi olondola, ndikofunikira kukonzekera nthaka yobzala pa matekinoloje onse ndi kuchepetsa kugwiritsa ntchito antchito a nayitrogeni.
- Kaloti omwe ali ndi mizu yambiri. Pofuna kuteteza vutoli, nkofunika kuthirira maluwa nthawi yake, kuteteza dothi kuti liwume.
Mitundu yofanana ya kaloti
Pakati pa mitundu yambiri ya kaloti, yofanana ndi zosiyanasiyana "Sentyabrina", pali zotsatirazi:
- "Nantes 4". Imakhalanso pakati pa nyengo ya pakati pa nyengo ndipo ili ndi kukoma komweko.
- "Karotel". Ali ndi pafupifupi mtengo wofanana wa carotene.
- "Shantane". Zimagwiritsanso ntchito pakati pa nyengo ndi mitundu yodzipereka. Zili ndi makhalidwe ofanana.
Mitundu yambiri ya kaloti "Sentyabrina" ndi yotchuka kwambiri ndi wamaluwa, chifukwa khalidwe la zipatso la zomera limalola kugwiritsa ntchito pazitsulo zilizonse. Zokolola zambiri zimapindulitsa kwambiri m'minda.
