Karoti imatha kuwononga gawo lalikulu la mbewu. Pambuyo kugonjetsedwa ndi tizilomboti tizilombo timakhala zosayenera kuti tisungidwe komanso kugwiritsa ntchito. Koma pali njira zothandiza zomwe zingateteze kaloti ku tizirombo.
Kuwonjezera pa nkhaniyi timafotokozera maonekedwe a tizilombo ndikufotokoza kuwonongeka kumene kumayambitsa kaloti. Padzakhalanso njira zothandizira kulimbana ndi karoti, zomwe zingathandize wamaluwa kuteteza mbewu zawo.
Kufotokozera za tizilombo ndi kuvulaza kwake
Uyu ndi membala wa banja la Psilidae. Ubwino wa tizilombo ndi 4-4.5 mm. Ntchentche ikhoza kudziwika ndi mtundu wakuda wa mimba ndi thoracic, mutu wofiira ndi masaya achikasu. Mapikowa ndi owonekera, ali ndi mawonekedwe oblong ndi mabala ofiira.
Kuvula kaloti kumapangitsa mphutsi. Kutalika kwawo kumafikira 5 mm. Mtundu uli wachikasu. Mphutsi zimawoneka ngati nyongolotsi. Paws ndi mitu zikusowa. Dziwani kaloti zokhudzana ndi tizilombo ndi zizindikiro zingapo za matenda.:
- Masamba amatembenukira phokoso ndikusanduka wachikasu ndi owuma.
- Kusuntha kumene amapangidwa ndi mphutsi kumawoneka pamutu.
- Mzuwu umapangidwa ndi ma tubercles. Kuchokera kwa iye kumayamba kutulutsa fungo losasangalatsa.
Zifukwa za matenda
- Karoti imauluka chifukwa cha:
- landings;
- kuthirira kwambiri;
- mkulu chinyezi.
- Matendawa amapezeka chifukwa cha kusagwirizana ndi kasinthasintha kwa mbeu ndi malo pafupi ndi chikhalidwe cha zomera zodwala.
- Zomwe zimachititsa kuti tizilombo tizilombo tiwoneke ndi monga kusowa kwa dzuwa komanso kusowa kwa nthaka m'nthawi yamadzulo.
Zinthu za nyengo ndi kutentha
Ntchentche imalumikiza ziwiri pa nyengoyi.: May ndi kumapeto kwa July kapena August. Mazira amaika pa kaloti pamphuno:
- Mu nyengo yofunda (+ 20-24 20С) mbadwo watsopanowo adzaphwanya masiku 5-7.
- Ngati nyengo yozizira ibwera, njirayi idzatenga masabata awiri.
Mphutsi imayamba kuyamba kudyetsa pazu.
Pambuyo pa masabata atatu mphutsi imakwera pansi pa kuya kwa masentimita 10-20kuti asanduke pupae.
Momwe mungapulumutsire mbande kuposa kuthirira kapena kukonza - malangizo ndi sitepe
Tizilombo timayesedwa ndi kuwononga ndi kuwononga.
Kuwonda kupuma ndi kumapeto
Pewani ndi tizilombo m'njira zosiyanasiyana.
Kugwiritsira ntchito fumbi fodya
Fumbi la fodya lili ndi 1% nikotini.. Chigawo ichi chimathandiza kuti ntchentche ikhale yovuta. Kumalo komwe kaloti imakula imadetsedwa ndi osakaniza 30 p fumbi ndi mchenga umodzi wa mchenga.
Kuyamba kupatulira n'kofunika. Izi zimathandiza kusakaniza fodya bwino ndi nthaka.
Kufesa pafupi ndi mbewu zina
Musanapatulire mbewu pafupi ndi kaloti, adyo kapena anyezi amabzalidwa. Ntchentche sizimalekerera fungo lapadera lochokera ku zikhalidwe izi.
Ndikofunika kuganizira zimenezo Musagwirizanitse adyo ndi anyezi pabedi limodzi. Ndikofunika kusankha chikhalidwe chimodzi.
Naphthalene
- Mabotolo apulasitiki amapanga mabowo ang'onoang'ono.
- Kenaka amaika 1 puloteni ya naphthalene m'modzi ndi kupotoza makapu.
- Mabotolo atayikidwa pakati pa mizera ya kaloti.
Kutenthetsa dzuwa, naphthalene imatulutsa fungo lamphamvu.zomwe sizilola kuti ntchentche ifike pafupi ndi zomera.
Momwe mungayankhire kulowetsedwa kwa nsonga za phwetekere?
Tsamba la phwetekere lili ndi fungicidal ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda chifukwa cha solanine yomwe ili ndi mankhwala owopsa.
- Amatsanulira madzi otentha pa mlingo wa 1 l pa 2 kg.
- Kuzizira, fyuluta ndi kuchepetsanso ndi madzi mu chiŵerengero cha 1: 5.
Kwa kulowetsedwa ndi nsonga zouma:
- 1 makilogalamu a amadyera wathyoledwa, kutsanulira 10 malita a madzi ndikuumiriza maola 4-5;
- ndiye wiritsani kwa maola 2-3 pa moto wochepa;
- pamene kulowetsedwa kwazirala, iyenera kuthiridwa ndi kuchepetsedwa m'madzi 1: 2.
Kuthirira anyezi kulowetsedwa
- 200 g wa peyi anyezi atsanulire 2.5 malita a madzi otentha otentha;
- tsatirani masiku awiri, ndiye fyuluta.
Kupopera mbewu kumaphatikizapo pamene 2-3 masamba amapangidwa pa mbande. Husk akhoza kufalikira pakati pa mizere..
Ndondomeko ya njira zothandizira kuchotsa tizilombo
Mankhwala ndi zochiritsira kukonzekera chingatithandize kuwononga karoti ntchentche. Mofananamo ndizothandiza mankhwala ochiritsira.
Folk
Njira zotchuka zimaphatikizapo kugwiritsa ntchito ndalama zomwe zilipo polimbana ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda.zomwe zidzapezeka m'minda iliyonse.
Garlic kapena anyezi
- Kwa kulowetsedwa uku mumasowa 300 g wa adyo kapena anyezi, omwe muyenera kuwaza ndikutsanulira 2 malita a madzi otentha.
- Pambuyo masiku awiri, chidacho chimasankhidwa ndikukwera ndi madzi kufika pa ma lita 10.
- Onaninso 30 ml wa sopo wamadzi, kotero kuti kulowetsedwa kumamatira bwino kwa zomera ndi sprays.
Mchere
Kuchokera pa 1 tbsp. l mchere ndi 10 malita a madzi amakonzekera njira yothetsera, yomwe imakonzedwa kubzala kaloti kumayambiriro kwa June.
Pambuyo masiku khumi, bwerezani kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa. Mchere umatulutsa madzi kuchokera ku thupi la tizilombo, komwe kumapita ku imfa yake.
Kusakaniza kwa phulusa, fodya ndi tsabola
- Sakanizani phulusa la nkhuni (50 g), fumbi fodya (100 g) ndi tsabola watsopano (100 g).
- Kusakaniza kumagwiritsidwa ntchito ku nthaka pakati pa mizere. Kwa 1 mamita amafunika ndalama 10 g.
Kaloti amachizidwa kawiri ndi kupuma kwa masiku khumi.
Njira ya Burdock ndi sopo
Kukonzekera yankho liyenera kusowa 2 kg ya burdock:
- Wathyoledwa, kutsanulira 10 malita a madzi ndikuwotcha.
- Pamene madzi amadzimadzi, onjezerani 10 g wa sopo wochapira.
- Njira yothetsera vutoli imachotsedwa kutentha ndi kutengeka kwa sabata.
Matimati wa phwetekere
- Nsongazo mu kuchuluka kwa makilogalamu 4 ziritsani kwa maola asanu mu madzi okwanira 1 litre.
- Sakanizani yankho, onjezani 50 g sopo ndikutsanulira 3 malita a madzi.
Okonzekera decoction spray chikhalidwe.
Chitsamba chowawa
Konzani kulowetsedwa kwa 300 g mandimu ndi 10 malita a madzi otentha.
N'zotheka kumwa kaloti mu mphindi 30. Kulowetsedwa kumayenera kuziziritsa ku 25 ° C..
Ngati ndi kotheka, chowawa chimatha kuchepetsedwa ndi madzi ozizira.
Ogulitsa
Mumasitolo mungapeze zipangizo zambiri zomwe zingathandize kuchotsa tizilombo.
Fitoderm
Mankhwalawa amadzipukutira m'madzi okwanira 10 ml pa 5 malita. Nthaka yothetsera ndi sprayed ndi yokonzekera yankho, pogwiritsa ntchito 5 malita pa 10 m². Floterm ndi owopsa kwa njuchi, kotero sizingagwiritsidwe ntchito nthawi yamaluwa..
Mukamagwira ntchito ndi mankhwala ndizofunikira kugwiritsa ntchito zovala zapadera, magalasi ndi magolovesi. Ngati muthudzana ndi khungu, malo okhudzidwa ayenera kutsukidwa ndi madzi.
Pita
Tizilombo timaphatikizapo madzi (1.5 ml pa 10 l) ndipo zomera zimatulutsidwa kawiri. Kuletsa sikuletsedwa nyengo yotentha ndi yamvula..
Kugwira ntchito kumayenera kusankha m'mawa kapena madzulo.
Decis
Kaloti amathandizidwa ndi yankho la 3 g la mankhwala ndi 1 l madzi. Kugwiritsa ntchito mlingo - 10 malita pa 100 m². Decis sichisungidwa pansi, ndi zotetezeka kwa anthu ndi nyama.
Amapezeka ngati mapiritsi, granules ndi emulsion.
Aktara
Mankhwalawa amagulitsidwa ndi ampoules a 9 ndi 1.2 ml, komanso granules a 4 g. Amadzipukutira m'madzi ofunda pa kutentha kwa 25 ° C (8 g pa 10 l), kupopera mankhwala - 10 l pa 10 m².
Yankho lingagwiritsidwe ntchito mvula.
Actellic
Mababu a 2 ml amathetsedwa mu 2 l madzi. Zomera zimatulutsa m'nyengo yozizira pa 10- + 25˚С. Kwa mamita 10 ogwiritsidwa ntchito mu 2 malita a matope.
Kaloti amachitidwa patangopita masabata atatu asanakolole.
Zamoyo
Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda ndi njira yabwino yopangira mankhwala.. Zomwe zimapangidwira, musapangidwe m'magulu a zomera, nthaka, anthu ndi nyama. Koma chiwonongeko cha tizirombo zimatenga nthawi yambiri kusiyana ndi kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala.
- Mankhwala a Dachnik anasefukira mu 1.5 ml pa madzi okwanira 1 litre. Pangani mankhwala opatsirana awiri ndi masiku khumi.
- Actofit imaphatikizidwa ku madzi ofunda (10 ml pa 10 l). Karoti ndi nthaka amachiritsidwa ndi yankho, 5 malita amagwiritsidwa ntchito 10 mamita.
Zida zotetezera
Chojambulacho chiyenera kukhazikitsidwa mu theka la mwezi wa May.. Pakati pa chigawocho, mpanda wa matabwa kapena zitsulo ndizomwe zimapangidwira. Kutalika kwake kuyenera kufika 1 mamita. Ntchentche za karoti sizikwera pamwamba pa masentimita 80, kotero iwo sangathe kugonjetsa mpanda wotere.
Kodi mungateteze bwanji ndi lutrasil kapena spunbond?
Zipangizo izi zimateteza kaloti kumalowa kuchokera mlengalenga. Ngati nthaka yayamba kale ndi tizirombo, ntchito yawo sidzakhala yothandiza.
Zowonjezerazi zimamangirizidwa pa arc, yomwe imayikidwa pa kama pamene majeremusi. Spunbond ndi lutrasil zimadutsa madzi, kotero pa ulimi wothirira sangathe kuchotsedwa.
Pogona yathyoledwa pokhapokha ngati tasiya, ndipo zomera zikafika pamtunda.
Kodi mungasunge bwanji munda wanu mtsogolo?
Kuteteza mabedi ayenera kugwiritsa ntchito njira zotsatirazi.
Njira zothandizira
- M'dzinja muyenera kukumba nthaka ndi masentimita 20. Izi zikhonza kuwononga tizirombo m'nthaka.
- Kulowera kumapanga chiwembu cha dzuwa, chomwe chili pamtunda waung'ono.
- Muyenera kutsatila ku kasinthasintha kwa mbewu. Kaloti amabzalidwa pambuyo sideratov, mbatata, kabichi, zukini, dzungu, nkhaka, adyo kapena anyezi. Pamalo omwewo chikhalidwe chingakhale wamkulu patapita zaka zitatu.
- Pafupi ndi masamba muyenera kudzala anyezi kapena adyo kuti muteteze tizilombo.
- Kuthirira moyenera kumayenera kupeŵa. Kaloti amathiridwa kamodzi pamlungu.
- Simungathe kudyetsa chikhalidwe ndi manyowa, chifukwa zingakhale mphutsi za ntchentche.
- Musalole landings okhuthala. Kaloti amachepa katatu panthawi ya kukula. Mabedi amawonetsedwa ndi peat.
Kuchiza ndi mapangidwe apadera
- Kuwononga mphutsi mu nthaka yogwiritsidwa ntchito:
- Ntchentche (50 g pa 1 mamita);
- Basudin (30 g pa mamita 20);
- Provotoks (4 g pa 1 m²).
- Chikhalidwe chimapulitsidwa ndi yankho la Actophyte (10 ml pa 5 lita imodzi ya madzi).
- Pa nyengo yokula, chomeracho chimachiritsidwa ndi Inta-Vir (1 piritsi imodzi pa 1 l).
Kugwiritsa ntchito msampha
Mukhoza kupanga misampha m'njira zosiyanasiyana. Mmodzi wa iwo ndi kugwiritsa ntchito mabotolo apulasitiki:
- Pa thanki, kumtunda kumadulidwa ndi kutembenuzidwa kuti khosi liri pansi.
- Kenaka anaikidwa mu botolo ndikutsanulira mkate.
Tizilombo tidzakhala ndi fungo ndi kugwera mumsampha.
Nyambo ikhoza kupangidwa kuchokera mu mapepala kapena nsalu. Zipangizozi zimayikidwa ndi osakaniza ofanana ndi mafuta, uchi ndi rosin, kenaka amaikidwa pamabedi.
Mndandanda wa mitundu yotsutsa tizilombo
Kaloti ndikumana ndi kaloti ayi. Koma pali mitundu yochepa yomwe imakhala yovuta kuwonongeka. Izi ndi:
- Calgary F1.
- Olympus.
- Nantes 4.
- Shantane.
- Amsterdam
- Kadinali
- Maestro F1.
- Flyway F1.
- Nantik Resistaflay F1.
- Kukwanira
- Vitamini 5.
- Flakke.
- Zosamvetseka.
- Losinoostrovskaya.
Mitundu imeneyi imakhala ndi chlorogenic acid, yomwe imakopa tizilombo.
Pofuna kupewa karoti ntchentche, m'pofunika kukula kaloti malinga ndi agrotechnical amafuna. Ngati chikhalidwe chakhala chikukhudzidwa kale ndi tizilombo, zowerengeka ndi zogulitsa zimathandiza kuwathetsa. Posankha zosiyanasiyana, makondomu ayenera kuperekedwa kwa kaloti zomwe sizili zofunikira kwa tizilombo.
