Kodi nthawi yeniyeni yobzala kaloti ndi liti? Kodi ndi zinthu ziti zomwe zimakhudza nthawi?

Kaloti amakula mlimi aliyense komanso nyengo ya chilimwe. Msuzi wa lalanje uwu ndi wokoma, wathanzi ndipo amadya chaka chonse mu supu, saladi, komanso mwatsopano.

Kaloti amafesedwa pamene chisanu chimasungunuka ndipo dziko lapansi limawomba. Komabe, nyemba sizimapereka bwino kumera. Pankhaniyi, muyenera kudziwa masiku otsiriza omwe sali mochedwa kuti asokoneze kaloti.

M'nkhaniyi tiyesera kunena kuchokera ku A mpaka Z za nthawi yoti tifetse kaloti, bwanji kuti tisachedwe ndi kufesa.

Ndi liti pamene sikuchedwa kwambiri kufesa?

Malingaliro oyenera kubzala - ino ndiyo nthawi yomwe sichedwa kucheka kubzala kaloti, kotero kuti anali ndi nthawi yakuphuka ndi kupereka zokolola zabwino.

Lembani masiku ano ndizotheka, podziwa nyengo yomwe ikukula mbewu. Nthawi yofesa idzakhala yosiyana pa malo onse a nyengo ndi dera lomwe mukukhala. Nthaŵi ya kucha kwa masamba imalingaliridwenso pakuwerengera masiku ovuta kwambiri obzala.

Ubwino ndi zovuta

Kufika nthawi yotsiriza kuli ndi ubwino wake:

• dziko lapansi lili lotentha mokwanira, limawonjezera mbewu kumera mpaka 90%;
• Kuwonjezera palafuti moyo wa mizu mbewu;
• Mu June, mbande sizidzavutika ndi tizirombo zomwe zimakhudza masamba aang'ono mu kasupe;
• Muzu wa mbewu uli ndi nthawi yakuphuka bwino, ndipo wolima munda adzalandira zazikulu ndi zokometsera kaloti.

Malonda amatanthauza:

1. Mbeu ziyenera kuthirizidwa musanafese;
2. kaloti ayenera kuthiriridwa kawirikawiri ndi mochuluka;
3. Si mitundu yonse yomwe idzakhale ndi nthawi yokolola, ndizofunika kwambiri kufesa mitundu yofulumira komanso ya midzi.

Amaluwa ambiri amaganiza kuti ndi bwino kufesa kaloti pa mwezi wotsalira. Zigawo zake zimakhudza kayendetsedwe ka madzi a masamba. Choncho, pafupi mwezi wonse, mizu ya kaloti imakula kwambiri. Ngati mubzala pa mwezi ukukula, mizu idzakhala yochepa komanso yopanda phindu. Mwezi watsopano ndi masiku omwe akupita kwa iwo amaonedwa kuti ndi zosayenera kubzala mbewu iliyonse.

Kodi ndi zinthu ziti zomwe zimakhudza nthawi?

Katoloti amalekerera pang'ono nyengo ya chisanu, choncho amayamba kufesa pamalo otsekera kumayambiriro kwa kasupe. Kuti muwerengetse masiku odzala otsiriza, muyenera kudziwa nyengo yokula, osankhidwa osiyanasiyana ndikuganizira nyengo ya malo okhala.

Nthawi ya chaka

1. Spring kubzala kaloti kumachitika mu April. Tsiku lomaliza la kufesa ndi kuyamba kwa May. Panthawi imeneyi ndi bwino kudzala mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya nyengo.
2. Mu June, afesedwa masamba yosungirako. Kuti muchite izi, tengani mitundu yochedwa kapena ya midzi yomwe ingasungidwe miyezi 6-9. Masiku otsiriza akufika mpaka pa June 25. Pakatikati, mukhoza kupanga mbewu ina m'masiku oyambirira a July, ngati mphukira ndi yoipa.
3. Karoti wa dzinja amafesedwa pamene kutentha kwa tsiku ndi tsiku kumakhala 2 ° C chisanu. Mbewu ziyenera kukhala ndi nthawi yovuta pansi popanda chisanu. Nthawi yotsiriza kubzala karoti - kumapeto kwa mwezi wa October, masiku oyambirira a mwezi wa November.

Ndiyeneranso kulingalira kutentha kwenikweni kwa dera lirilonse kuti mudziwe masiku omwe akadakali kubzala mbeu.

Chigawo cha nyengo

Dera lirilonse liri ndi nthawi yake yolima.:

1. Chitsime chosasinthasintha chimakhala cha pakati pa Russia ndi madera ake. Chipale chofewa chimasungunuka. Mitundu yonse ya kaloti imakula. Nthawi yomaliza yodzala masika idzakhala mapeto a April - masiku oyambirira a May. Kukolola kusungirako kungapezedwe pakufesa mabedi kumapeto kwa June. M'zaka khumi zoyambirira za November, kaloti zachisanu zimabzalidwa.
2. M'mizindayi, kaloti zoyambirira zimabzalidwa mu May, kotero muyenera kukhala ndi nthawi yofesa kumapeto kwa mweziwu. Kuzizira kumakhala kozizira, choncho amaluwa samakonda kubzala kaloti m'nyengo yachisanu.
3. Nyengo yochepa ya ku Siberia ndi yabwino yofesa ndikukula pakati pa nyengo ndi mitundu yoyambirira. Ntchito ya kumunda imayambira pakati pa May. Mapeto a kasupe ndi nthawi yomalizira kuti atenge karoti yoyamba yokolola. Mpaka pa June 15, muyenera kukhala ndi nthawi yofesa masamba osungirako.
4. Kum'mwera kwa Southern Russia, nyengo yachisanu ndi yochepa, osati chivundikiro chofewa cha chipale chofewa. Karoti yoyamba imabzalidwa kumayambiriro kwa March. Kumadera akum'mwera ndikofunika kuti musafulumire kubzala, pokhapokha mu nthaka youma zidzakhala zovuta kuti mbewu zitheke. Tsiku lomaliza la kubzala chilimwe - mapeto a May, kutuluka kwa nyengo yozizira - pakati pa mwezi wa November. Mitundu yonse ndi yoyenera kulima.

Zomera zosiyanasiyana

Nthawi zokolola zosiyana zimawathandiza wamaluwa kuti azitenga masamba atsopano chaka chonse.

Chochititsa chidwi: kuyambira mu 2001 m'mayiko a EU, kaloti zatengedwa kuti ndi zipatso. Chifukwa cha ichi chinali vuto ndi kutumiza kwa karoti kupanikizana komwe kunapangidwa ku Portugal. Malingana ndi malamulo a EU, amaloledwa kuphika kupanikizana kokha kuchokera ku zipatso.

• Mitundu yoyambirira. Nthawi yawo yakucha ndi masiku 65 mpaka 90 (zina zotchedwa hybrids zipse masiku 55). Kawirikawiri mitundu iyi imapita kukadya, ngakhale mizu yawo siikoma kwambiri. Kukonzekera sikukwera, sikusungidwa nthawi yaitali.
• Mitengo ya pakatikati. Anakula mokwanira masiku 100-110. Izi ndi kaloti zowutsa mudyo komanso zokoma. Anasungidwa mosungiramo zinthu komanso m'nyumba.
• Mitundu yochedwa. Nyengo yawo ikukula ndi masiku 120 mpaka 140, mbeu ikamera. Angasungidwe mpaka mbeu yatsopano.

Karoti yoyamba imafesedwa pamene nthaka ikuphulika kuchokera ku +6 mpaka + madigiri 9. Ndipo masiku omaliza a kubzala amawerengedwa, kuchotsa masiku a kucha kwa mizu kuyambira nthawi yomwe chisanu chimayamba.

Zitsanzo zowerengera tsiku

Zotsatirazi ndi zitsanzo za mawerengedwe a nthawi yomwe mutha kubzalidwa, ndikupatsani izi:

1. Chitsanzo. Tidzakhazikitsa mbewu zakuda zomwe zidzasungidwa nthawi yaitali pakatikati pa Russia. Tengani mitundu yambiri ya kaloti ndi kukula kwa masiku 140, mwachitsanzo, "Vita Long", "Karlen". Mazira ozizira m'derali amayamba pa October 20-25, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti nthawi yomaliza yobzala adzakhala June 7-8.
2. Chitsanzo. Timakula kaloti m'nyengo ya kumwera. Kwa podzimnogo kufesa ndikofunika kuti mbewu za karoti zisakhale ndi nthawi yoti zizitha. Amafesedwa masiku khumi ndi awiri asanafike chisanu. Zakudya zabwino kwambiri za pakati pa nyengo ya kaloti: "Nantes", "Vitamini", "Winter Winter". Ku Krasnodar Territory, mungathe kubzala kaloti kumapeto kwa November, koma ku Crimea sikuchedwa kwambiri kubzala December 25 - 27.
3. Chitsanzo. Bzalani pakatikati pa nyengo kaloti mu kasupe kumpoto kwa Siberia. Mitundu yotchuka "Dayana" ndi "Losinoostrovskaya" yakucha kwa masiku 110. Kuti mukolole pakati pa mwezi wa September, muyenera kufesa mbewu May 30-31.
4. Chitsanzo. Bzalani June 25 "Karoti ya ku Paris" m'midzi. Mbewu yoyamba idzaphuka masiku 72-74. Kukolola 4 - 6 September.

Kodi chingachitike n'chiyani ngati mulibe nthawi yobzala?

Ngati mubzala masamba pambuyo pake, musamayembekezere kukolola. Mbewu zazuzi sizikhala ndi nthawi yoti zipse. Kaloti adzakhala ang'onoang'ono m'sinkhu, moyo wa alumali udzachepetsedwa. Zomera zosagwira ntchito sizidzakhala zowutsa mudyo komanso zokoma ngati zokoma.

Bungwe. Kuti mbeu ikhale mofulumira, imera mbeu pazitsamba zamadzi.

Musanayambe ntchito ya kumunda, sankhani cholinga chomwe mumabzala kaloti: chakudya, kusungidwa kapena kusungirako nthawi yaitali. Sankhani zoyenera karoti zosiyanasiyana pa nyengo yanu yoyendera. Samalani ndi kukonzekera nthaka, tizilombo toyambitsa matenda. Ndiyeno kaloti zofesedwa nthawi yotsiriza, zidzakupatsani zokolola zabwino.