Kaloti ndi imodzi mwa mbewu zosasinthasintha, zomwe nthawi zambiri zimafesedwa kumayambiriro kwa nyengo, nthaka ikangomira ndi kuyaka pansi pa dzuwa la April.
Komabe, ndi kudzichepetsa kotere, ndi kofunikira kulingalira zinthu zina, monga zosiyana siyana zomwe zimabzala kaloti, nyengo ndi nyengo ya dera lanu.
Komanso m'nkhaniyi tidzakambirana momwe masiku a kufesa kaloti amadalira nyengo ndi kucha. Timalongosola zomwe zotsatira za kubzala mochedwa zikudikirira wamaluwa.
Nchifukwa chiyani kuli kofunikira kusankha pa kuyamba kwa kumtunda?
Kawirikawiri wamaluwa samaganizira pamene akudzala kaloti pamtunda, ndi kubzala iyo chisanu chimasungunuka, kenako nkuchiika m'mundamo kufikira nthawi yokolola yophukira masamba onse. Ndipotu, njirayi siyolondola.
Mitundu yambiri imabereka kumapeto kwa July ndi kumayambiriro kwa August, ndikukhala pansi nthawi yambiri, mizu imakula ndipo imakula mizu, imataya makhalidwe awo komanso zakudya zawo.
Choncho, ayenera kudziwa mosamalitsa nthawi yoyenera, chifukwa zimadalira iwo pamene zokolola zimalandiridwa ndi momwe zidzakhalire. Panthawi imodzimodziyo ndi bwino kuganizira zosiyanasiyana zosiyanasiyana kaloti, chifukwa nthawi iliyonse imakhala ndi nthawi yokha. Pachifukwa ichi, funso lofunika ndilo ngati mukufuna kukolola kuti mutenge mwamsanga kapena kukula kaloti kwa nthawi yaitali yosungirako nyengo yozizira.
Kubzala kudalira nthawi
Kuyambira nyengo
Nthawi zina pali malingaliro okufesa kaloti posakhalitsa bwino, chifukwa pakadali pano kuwonongeka kwa achinyamata ndi tizirombo tosiyanasiyana kudzachepetsedwa. Koma sitiyenera kuiwala kuti kubzala koyambirira kumayambitsa kuchepetsa kumera kwa kaloti, ngakhale kutentha kunja, chifukwa nthaka isanafike yozizira ingakhale yozizira kapena nthawi zina imakhala yoziziritsa nthawi yozizira.
Zofesedwa mbewu kapena zowuluka zimatha kufa., ngati mwadzidzidzi padzakhala chisanu chomwe sichidzabala. Chitukukochi n'chotheka kumadera omwe ali ndi nyengo yovuta kapena yowopsa kwambiri (izi zikuphatikizapo kumpoto kwa gawo la Ulaya la Russia, Urals ndi Siberia).
Malingana ndi kafukufuku wa nthawi yaitali wa agronomists, nthaka imakhala yokonzeka kubzala nthawi zosiyana. Kotero:
- Kwa gawo la Central Europe la Russia, chabwino ndilo kuyambira pa April 20 mpaka 30.
- Kwa Mizinda - kuyambira pa May 2.
- Kwa Siberia ndi kumpoto - pambuyo pa May 10 okha.
Kuchokera mu mawu a kucha mitundu
Pachifukwa ichi, muyenera kulingalira nthawi yomwe mbeu yatsala pang'ono kuphuka, komanso ndikuganiziranso nyengo ndi nyengo yomwe ikuyendera nyengo ya chilimwe kuti mudziwe ngati kaloti idzakhala ndi nthawi yakukula nyengo isanafike.
Monga lamulo Choyamba, amafesa oyambirira kaloti, omwe amapereka zokolola mu July. Zochedwa kwambiri ndi mochedwa mitundu zimafesedwa kanthawi pang'ono. Kubzala kumachitika kotero kuti mitundu yoyambirira ndi ya pakati mochedwa imakula mu chilimwe, kukwaniritsa zowonjezera zosowa za kaloti, ndipo pambuyo pake zomwe zimakula kuti zisungidwe m'dzinja.
M'madera osiyanasiyana a dzikoli, nthawi yofesa oyambirira, pakati-mochedwa ndi mochedwa mitundu ingagwirizane, ndipo ikhoza kukhala ndi kusiyana kwakukulu pakati pa wina ndi mzake. Kawirikawiri, mitundu yonse imafesedwa panthawi imodzimodzi, chifukwa njirayi ikukolola motere:
- July zokolola za mitundu yoyamba zimapsa poyamba;
- ndiye sing'anga mochedwa karoti;
- ndi kutha kwa nyengo - mochedwa.
Tiyenera kudziŵa kuti mitundu yochedwa yomwe imakhala yosungidwa ikulimbikitsidwa kuti ifesedwe motere kuti ikolole pafupi chisanu chisanayambe, chifukwa pakali pano ndikofunika kusunga kaloti mumtunda momwe mungathere. Malinga ndi ndondomeko iyi, ayenera kubzalidwa mochedwa mitundu ya kaloti kumayambiriro kwa mwezi wa Junendipo kumadera otentha kumwera nthawi zina ngakhale pakati pa June.
Nthawi yofesa pamalo otseguka?
Mu April
- Monga lamulo, chapakati pa Russia, nthawi yabwino kwambiri yolima kasupe ndi ya makumi awiri.
- Ndi zopanda pake kudzala isanafike nthawi ino, chifukwa mu nthaka yozizira mbewu zimatha kwa mwezi umodzi, kapena zimatha kuphedwa mwadzidzidzi.
- Kubzala mofulumira kukudza ndi mfundo yakuti zokolola, monga lamulo, za pakati-mochedwa ndi mochedwa mitundu, sizidzakhala ndi nthawi yoti zipse.
- Taganizirani nyengo ya dera lanu. M'madera okhala ndi nyengo yoopsa kwambiri kumapeto kwa April, nthaka ikhoza kukhala yonyowa kwambiri komanso yozizira, ndipo m'madera ena pakadali pano pali chipale chofewa.
- Monga tanenera poyamba, mitundu yotsatira idzafesedwa mtsogolo, koma mitundu yoyambirira idzafesedwa panthawiyi, popeza zokolola za kaloti zikhonza kusonkhana pakati pa chilimwe.
Mukhoza
- Kumayambiriro kwa May ndibwino kuti mufese kaloti mu Mitsinje.
- Chakumapeto kwa mwezi wa May, kaloti zimabzalidwa ku Siberia ndi kumpoto kwa gawo la Ulaya la Russia.
- Ngati mumakhala kudera limene nyengo imakhala yowawa kwambiri komanso yochepa, ndiye kuti tikufunika kudzala kaloti kumapeto kwa May kapena ngakhale kumayambiriro kwa June.
- Dziwani kuti pamene kubzala kotere sikuvomerezeka kusankha mitundu yam'mbuyo, chifukwa iwo sangangokhala okhwima.
Zotsatira za kubwerera mofulumira
Kumayambiriro
Pamene mbewu yobzala mofulumira kapena ngakhale kumera mphukira ikhoza kungozizira, chifukwa chake, mbande ndi mizu siziwoneka. Nthawi zina izi zimachitika pamene kumapeto kwa March ndi kumayambiriro kwa mwezi wa April, kutentha kwa mlengalenga kumabwera kuchokera kummwera, ndipo nyengo yofunda ndi yotentha imalowa.
Ndiko kuyesa kubzala mbewu nthawiyi kuti tipeze zokolola zam'mbuyo mtsogolo. Komabe, nyengo ya kutentha pa nthawi ino ya chaka siidakhazikika, nthawizonse mumakhala mantha kuti chisanu chidzagunda, kotero kubzala ndi mbande zikhoza kufa, ndipo ntchito yonse idzapita pachabe.
Tachedwa kwambiri
Kusabzala mochedwa, mosiyana mofulumira kwambiri, pafupifupi sikuwopsyeza zokolola zanu. Komabe Nthawi zonse muyenera kukumbukira za kusanganikirana kwa nyengo ndi kucha. Choncho, ngati mutachedwa kumera mochedwa mitundu ya kaloti, mwina sangakhale ndi nthawi yoti zipse. Izi ndizo makamaka makamaka m'madera akummwera ndi kummawa kwa dzikoli, pomwe nthawi yokolola ya mitundu yochedwa imatha kale chisanu. Choncho, kuchepetsa kubzala kwa mbeu sikuyenera kukhala.
Zingaganize kuti palibe chovuta kusankha masiku oti kasupe utenge kaloti. Muyenera kungoganizira za nyengo ndi nyengo ya dera lanu, komanso kudziwa mitundu ya karoti yomwe ili yoyenera kucha.
