Garlic ndi imodzi mwazomera zotchuka za m'munda, chifukwa chaubwino wake wathanzi la anthu ndikugwiritsa ntchito monga zokometsera. Aliyense amene amalima chikhalidwechi pamalo ake amafuna kuti atolole zabwino, koma si aliyense amene akuchita bwino. Njira yoyenera yothetsera vutoli ndi kugwiritsa ntchito feteleza, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti mbewuzo zikhale zolimba, komanso mbewuyo ikhale yayikulu. Komabe, ziyenera kukumbukiridwa kuti feteleza ayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito mwanjira zina komanso panthawi yake.
Chifukwa chonde manyowa
Kupitilira pamenepa kulima adyo ndi njira yofunikira. Komabe, musanayambe ntchito yothira feteleza, muyenera kumvetsetsa zolinga zomwe zakwaniritsidwa. Ngati mukufuna kulima adyo wozizira, ndiye kuti michere iyenera kuyika nthawi yomweyo mukadzala ma cloves, ndiye kuti nthawi yakutukuka. Chikhalidwe panthawiyi chimafunikira zakudya zowonjezera kuti zithe kukhala ndi mphamvu nthawi yozizira komanso kuyambika kwa kasupe kuti mwachangu ayambe kukulitsa.
Kututa kwa adyo, mtundu wake ndi kuchuluka kwake, zimatengera chisamaliro cha mbewu, zakudya zoyenera panthawi yake komanso moyenera
Ngati adyo wabzala mu nthawi ya masika (kasupe), ziyenera kukumbukiridwa kuti kuphatikiza dzinthu m'dzinja kumalemeretsa nthaka ndi michere, ndipo kumapeto kumathandizira kuyambira kwabwino. M'mawu osavuta, chakudya cha adyo ndi mtundu wokankha. Chikhalidwe chikuyenera kubwezeretsanso chilimwe. Zotsatira zake, mbewuyo imakhala yolimba, yolimbana ndi kusintha kwa kutentha, matenda ndi tizilombo toononga.
Zomwe mungagwiritse ntchito kuvala kwapamwamba
Asanadzalemo adyo, komanso nthawi yakulima, dothi limathiridwa manyowa ndi zonse organic ndi mchere.
Feteleza zachilengedwe ndi wowerengeka azitsamba
Garlic amayankha bwino kwambiri pakuyambitsa kwa organic zvinhu, zomwe zimakhala zowona makamaka pazadothi zatha. Nthawi zina kavalidwe kapamwamba kamodzi kamakhala kokwanira, kamene kamapatsa mbewuzo zakudya zofunika pakukula. Feteleza wotchuka kwambiri ndi manyowa, omwe amapangidwira kukumba. Olima ena amagwiritsa ntchito zinthu zatsopano, koma akatswiri amalimbikitsa kupanga manyowa (manyowa owola). Ngati ndowe za mbalame zikagwiritsidwa ntchito, ndiye kuti ziyenera kutumikiranso mosamala, popeza zochulukirapo zimangowotcha mphukira.
Humus imawonjezedwa pabedi la adyo nthawi yopukula yophukira
Chikhalidwe cha masika chimafuna mphamvu kuti chikule. Pazifukwa izi, mutha kukonza njira yothetsera mullein (gawo limodzi la feteleza m'magawo 7 a madzi). Njira yothiridwayi ndi madzi mabedi adyo, kupewa ingress yamadzimadzi pamitengo. Kulemeretsa nthaka ndi michere ndikoyenera kugwiritsa ntchito kompositi.
Kompositi ndi feteleza wachilengedwe womwe umapezeka chifukwa cha kuwola kwa zotsalira (zopezeka m'munda, masamba, peat, manyowa, udzu, ndi zina zambiri).
Chovala chapamwamba kwambiri cha adyo ndi kulowetsedwa kwa mullein
Pazitsamba za wowerengeka zothira feteleza, zomwe zimapezeka kwambiri ndi phulusa. Itha kuyikika yonse pouma, ndikumwaza ma spacings, ndi njira yothetsera (200 g pa 10 malita a madzi). Kuphatikiza pa phulusa, wamaluwa amagwiritsa ntchito mchere, womwe njira ya 3 tbsp imakonzedwa. l mchere pa 10 malita a madzi. Salmon wodziwika bwino ndi ammonia, yemwe amafakulidwa ndi adyo (25 ml ya ammonia mu malita 10 amadzi).
Feteleza
Kuvala kwamtundu wina wachikhalidwe kumachitika kuti ubwezere michere m'nthaka. Mukamagwiritsa ntchito zida zokhazokha, sizotheka nthawi zonse kukwaniritsa mabatire. Kusankhidwa kwa feteleza ndi kuchuluka kwake kumadalira chonde m'nthaka. Zina mwa zovala zomwe zimapezeka kwambiri pam mineral, izi ndizomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito:
- carbamide (1 tbsp. pa malita 10 a madzi);
- nitroammophosk (60 g pa 10 l ya madzi);
- superphosphate (50-60 g pa ndowa imodzi);
- urea (1 tbsp. pachidebe cha madzi);
- nitrophoska (2 tbsp. pachidebe chilichonse cha madzi).
Kuti njira ya michere ikhale yothandiza kwambiri, zinthu zina zimalimbikitsidwa kuti ziziphatikizidwa. Chifukwa chake, pakuyambitsidwa kwa nayitrogeni ndi phosphorous (1: 1.5) m'nthaka, amadyera amakula bwino, ndipo michere imadzunjikira mumutu.
Garlic amatha kudyetsedwa osati ndi organic, komanso feteleza wa mchere
Mvula ikathirira kapena ndikothirira, ndikoyenera kuthira feteleza munthaka youma. Kuphatikizikako kungakhale motere: nayitrogeni, phosphorous, potaziyamu (mwa chiyerekezo cha 8: 15: 35). Kuti mudziwe kuchuluka ndi feteleza wa feteleza, zinthu zingapo zofunika kuzikumbukira:
- momwe nthaka ili ndi chonde pamalopo komanso acidity yake;
- nyengo za dera (mpweya, chisanu);
- Kuwalitsa malowa;
- mandala a adyo (mbewu zabwino zam'mbuyomu ndi chimanga, zukini);
- zikhalidwe zosiyanasiyana (masiku okucha, mikhalidwe yakukula ndi chitukuko).
Kuti mudziwe kuchuluka kwa dothi logwiritsa ntchito zida zapadera kapena zida. Malinga ndi umboni, nthaka ndi yopanda tanthauzo kapena kuwonjezera, kuwonjezera acidity. Pansi pa adyo, muyenera kusankha malo osadalirana komanso nthaka yachonde.
Kanema: momwe mungadyetsere adyo kuti mitu ikhale yayikulu
Zomwe zimavala zovala zapamwamba zapamwamba
Garlic amathanso kudyetsedwa osati pongowetsa dothi, komanso njira yachabe. Zikatero, mbewuzo zimalandira chakudya chambiri kudzera mu zomera mwa kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa. Chifukwa chake, ndizotheka kupereka michere kwakanthawi kochepa.
Mavalidwe apamwamba achabechabe ndiowonjezerapo chachikulu, kotero kungogwiritsa ntchito kokha sikungakhale kolakwika.
Nthawi yabwino kuchita njirayi ndi maola a madzulo kapena nyengo yamvula. Njira zachabe zimadyetsa chikhalidwecho kawiri pachaka. Wophatikiza feteleza wambiri pacholinga ichi ndi yankho la phulusa. Zomera zikayamba kukula, kuphatikizidwa kwa michere ina kungafunike, komwe kumatha kuweruzidwa ndi dziko lakunja lomwe limayambira. Chifukwa chake, ngati gawo lobiriwira la mbewu litembenuka chikasu, ndiye kuti adyo sakusowa feteleza wa nayitrogeni. Pankhaniyi, ndikofunikira kupopera ndi yankho la urea. Ngati gawo lakumwambalo limakhala lopepuka, ndiye kuti izi zikuwonetsa kusowa kwa potaziyamu. Kuti mubwezereni chinthucho, mutha kupopera ndi yankho la mchere wa potaziyamu. M'pofunika kuganizira kuti Mlingo wa feteleza wazakudya zam'mimbamo zokhala ndi mapangidwe apamwamba azikhala theka momwe mungagwiritsire ntchito mizu.
Kudyetsa masamba a adyo kumakupatsani mwayi woperekera zakudya ku mbewu m'nthawi yochepa.
Zakudya zam'madzi
Kubzala adyo yozizira kumachitika mu kugwa, ndipo mbewuyo imapezedwa kale kuposa kale. Mitundu yonseyi imafunikira kudya. Komabe, chikhalidwe cha chisanu chimafunikabe kuyambiranso nthawi yophukira.
Wagwa
Musana feteleza, muyenera kuganizira kuti adyo amalekerera kusintha kwa nthaka. Ngati kubzala adyo kumachitika molingana ndi malamulowo, ndiye kuti kukonza mabedi kuyenera kuchitika milungu iwiri isanakwane tsiku lomwe akubzala. Omwe alimi ena amagwiritsa ntchito mankhwala opangidwa okonzeka, ndipo wina akuchita ntchito yopanga feteleza paokha. Zinthu zotsatirazi zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chovala chapamwamba cha autumn:
- Chidebe 1 cha humus;
- 1 tbsp. l superphosphate iwiri;
- 2 tbsp. l potaziyamu sulfate;
- 0,5 l wa phulusa la nkhuni.
M'dzinja, feteleza wa nayitrogeni samathandiza. Kufunika kwawo kumawonekera kumayambiriro kwa masika, matalala atasungunuka. Amapereka chitukuko cha mizu komanso kukula kwa mlengalenga.
Garlic amayankha bwino kwambiri kuvala pamwamba ndi phulusa la nkhuni
Chapakatikati
Ndi kudza kwa masika, adyo wozizira amayamba kumera ndipo amafunika kudyetsedwa. Monga lamulo, zimachitika masiku 6-10 patatha chisanu kusungunuka. Ponena za chikhalidwe chamasika, chimadyetsedwa pang'ono, pomwe kukula kwamphamvu kwa tsinde kumayambira.
Garlic sakonda kuthirira kwamadzi, kotero kuvala kwapamwamba kuyenera kuchitidwa molumikizana ndi kuthirira.
Kuyambiranso kwa kasupe koyambirira kumachitika pogwiritsa ntchito urea (1 tbsp. L.), Wothira madzi 10 l. Ndi yankho lomwe lakonzedwa, thirani bedi la adyo pamlingo wa malita 2-3 pa 1 m 1. Pambuyo pa masabata awiri, kuvala kwachiwiri kwapamwamba kumachitika, ndi zonse ziwiri zamasamba ndi nthawi yachisanu. Chofunikira chachikulu pamenepa ndi nitrofoska kapena nitroammofoska. Mudzafunika kuchepetsa 2 tbsp. l 10 malita a madzi ndikugwiritsa ntchito malita 3-4 pa 1 m².
Kanema: Kavalidwe ka masika a adyo
M'chilimwe
Chakudya chotsatira chiri pakati pa Juni. Nthawi imeneyi, mapangidwe a mutu amayamba ndipo misa yake imakulanso. Chifukwa chake, mtengowo umafunanso zakudya zina. Nthawi yothira feteleza kwa kasupe ndi nthawi ya dzinja nthawi yayitali imakhala yofanana, koma ziyenera kukumbukiridwa kuti mbewu za nthawi yozizira zipsa kale. Chifukwa chake, muyenera kutsatira osati nthawi, komanso chidwi ndi momwe mbewu zimakhalira.
Ngati feteleza atayikidwa pasadakhale, zimayambira ndi mivi zimayamba kukulira msanga, ndipo pambuyo pake, chakudya sichingakhale ntchito.
Kupanga mitu yayikulu ya adyo, kugwiritsa ntchito feteleza wa phosphorous-potaziyamu ndikofunikira. Chifukwa chake, kuvala pamwamba kumakhudzanso kuyambitsa zinthu zotsatirazi:
- 30 g wa superphosphate;
- 15 g potaziyamu sulfate;
- Malita 10 amadzi.
Yankho lokonzekera lidzakhala lokwanira kukumana ndi bedi la 2 m². Ngati mungafune, mutha kuthana ndi potaziyamu sulfate ndi phulusa lamatenthedwe ngati 200 ml ya phulusa pa malita 10 a madzi.
Garlic siderata
Munda womwe umabzala adyo nyengo yachisanu amakonzedwa makamaka kuti ubzalidwe ndi manyowa obiriwira, monga mpiru woyera kapena phacelia.
Siderata - mbewu zomwe zimakulidwa ndi cholinga chazophatikizira m'nthaka kuti zikongoletse kapangidwe kake, kuphatikiza ndi nayitrogeni komanso kupewa kuphukira kwa namsongole.
Garlic amathanso kubzala osati mutabzala siderates, komanso mwachindunji mwa iwo. Zachonde zamasamba zimabzalidwa m'mizere, ndipo pakati pawo amapanga masamba obzala adyo. Zomera zabwino kwambiri zophera dothi nthaka ndi vetch ndi mpiru.
Ndikulimbikitsidwa kubzala adyo palimodzi ndi manyowa obiriwira kapena atatha, amene amasintha nthaka ndikuyiphatikiza ndi nayitrogeni ndi kufufuza zinthu
Kudzala adyo wobiriwira ndi manyowa obiriwira ali ndi izi:
- nyengo yozizira isanayambike, siderates amakhala ndi nthawi yokwanira ndipo amakhala ngati pobisalira adyo kuzizira;
- Chapakatikati, chomera chouma komanso chowonjezedwa cha siderat chimalepheretsa chinyezi chambiri;
- tizilombo tating'onoting'ono ta nthaka, chifukwa chomwe zinthu zofunika kuti adyo amaperekera, zimadyetsedwa ndi siderates.
Izi zikusonyeza kuti kufesa manyowa obiriwira ndi njira yofunika kwambiri yolimilira yomwe singangopatsa nthaka chonde ndi nayitrogeni ndi zinthu zina, komanso kubwezeretsa chonde chake chomwe chatayika.
Poyang'ana koyamba, zitha kuwoneka kuti adyo amatha kubzala popanda feteleza. Pankhaniyi, zokolola zidzakhala zoyenera. Ngati cholinga ndikupeza mitu yayikulu, ndiye kuti simungathe kuchita popanda feteleza. Kugwiritsa ntchito zakudya moyenera panthawi yake komanso moyenera kumakwaniritsa zomwe mukufuna.
