Pali mbozi zomwe sizimadya masamba okha, zimadya mapiritsi a pinini. Anthu ambiri m'nyengo ya chilimwe amakongoletsa malo awo okhala ndi coniferous. Mtengo wokongoletsa uli pangozi kwa nthawi - nthawi zina umakhala ndi mabala a bulauni. Kuwonjezera kotere posakhalitsa kumakhala mbozi yowuluka yomwe imasokoneza nthambi za mtengo.
Tiyeni tiphunzire za njira zosungira singano kuchokera kuoneka kosasangalatsa.
Komatsu pa pine: kufotokozera ndi moyo wa tizilombo
Ngakhale tizilombo ting'onoting'ono ta pinini timatha kuwononga mtengo waukulu. Mukayambitsa masango akuluakulu ndi ma capsules a bulauni, mverani kalata! Pasanapite nthawi, mbalamezi zinkaona mbozi zikukhala mumtengo wa paini. Makapisozi amwe mphutsi zawo.
Mukudziwa? Tizilombo toyambitsa matendawa timatchula mayina ake chifukwa chodziwika bwino ndi dzira - chiwalo chapadera (ovipositor) chimayika pansi pa tsamba la epidermal la thunthu kapena masamba, "kudula" m'magulu a zomera. Anthu okhwima nthawi zambiri amafanana ndi ntchentche, motero zimasokonezeka mosavuta ndi tizilombo.
Musanayambe kulandira chithandizo, ndibwino kuti mudziwe bwino zosiyanasiyana za singano pa pine. Mbalame Yofiira - mphutsi ndi zobiriwira zakuda ndi zakuda, ndi mutu wathyathyathya. Amakhala m'magulu. Akumva kuti ali ndi nkhawa, amachititsa kuti thupi liziyenda. Izi ndiziwonongeko zoopsa kwambiri, zomwe zimapanga singano zolimba. Silkworm pine kwenikweni mu nthawi yochepa imatsogolera ku imfa ya minda ya coniferous. Mitengo ya Coniferous imagonjetsedwa pamtunda wa chilimwe pine kondomu. Mbozizi zimawononga ziwalo za pine, zimasiya nyhala komanso mapuloteni. Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda ndi owopsa kwambiri kwa mbeu.
Pine njenjete - agulugufe omwe amaika mazira pa singano zapine zakale. Kumapeto kwa mwezi woyamba wa chilimwe, mbozi imachokera ku mazira, posakhalitsa imatenga zitsulo ndi masamba. Kuchulukanso kwa njenjete kungatitsogolere kumapeto kwa mtengo.
Ku mbali ya Ulaya ya dziko lathu, singano zapaini zingathe kuwononga mitundu yambiri ya mbozi panthawi yomweyo. Maswiti amodzi ndi ofiira a pine amapezeka kwambiri. Nthaŵi zina, ma sawflies akummawa ndi tizirombo ta njoka zam'nsalu timapezeka. Zili zofanana wina ndi mnzake pa mlingo wa kuwonongeka kwa conifers. Zimasiyana ndi chiwerengero cha mibadwo.
M'katikati mwa Russia, ziphuphu zapine zowoneka bwino zimayika mazira kaŵiri pa nthawi ya chilimwe ndi ana - izi zimawononga kwambiri mitengo.
Kodi ndi zowonongeka zotani zomwe masitala a pinini amachitira ku minda ya coniferous?
Mphutsi yaing'ono ya sawfly ya pinini idya singano za singano kuchokera kumbali, choncho, njira zowonongeka ziyenera kutengedwa mwamsanga. Zina zosakhudzidwa za singano zimayamba kuuma, kutembenukira chikasu ndi kupiringa. Mphutsi zambiri zokhwima zimatengera zisoti kwathunthu.
Chiwerengero chachikulu cha mphutsi ndi kusowa kwa chakudya chomwe chingakhale chowopsya kuti chipeze khungwa, chomwe posachedwapa chidzapangitsa kuyanika mchere wa nthambi za coniferous mu korona.
Achinyamata ambiri, chifukwa cha ntchito ndi mphutsi, amatha kufalikira kwa zaka zitatu kapena zisanu. Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tizilombo toyambitsa matenda timatha kufooketsa mtengo. Zokongoletsera za pine yomwe ikukhudzidwa ndi malo omwe amapezeka pamalowa akucheperachepera. Kubwezeretsa kachilombo ka mphutsi mu nyengo imodzi kungachititse kuti imfa isayime m'nyengo yozizira.
Ndikofunikira! Gulu loopsya limayendetsedwa ndi mitengo yamtengo wapatali pansi pa zaka makumi atatu.
Pakati pa singano zokongoletsera, Pines of Weymutov ndi Banks ndi omwe amakhudzidwa kwambiri. Mitengo ikukula pamtunda wambiri, ndi mchenga komanso mchenga, kapena mitengo yokhayokha imayambitsidwa ndi sawflies.
Miphika pa pine: momwe mungagwirire ndi tizilombo
Sawfly pine zofunkha achinyamata mphukira ndi masamba, kotero muyenera kusankha njira yoyenera yolamulira.
Mukudziwa? Zokwanira ngakhale nthawi yayitali ya sawfly mu mbozi kuti iwononge kwambiri pine mpaka thunthu liume.
Mankhwala ndi mankhwala owerengeka
Mutha kumenyana ndi mbozi zowonongeka ndi njira zopangira. Zoperewera zimatuluka pamapini ndi mbozi yakuda zichotsedwe pamtengo ndi kutenthedwa. Pofuna kulimbana ndi mbozi yobiriwira ndi yakuda, munthu ayenera kukumba nthawi zonse padothi, kuwononga zisa ndi mphutsi.
Sungani mphutsi pamanja ndi magalasi pa mitengo yaing'ono ya paini. Mphungu imayankha mwangozi. Kuteteza magazi "magazi" omwe ali ndi zigawo zowonongeka.
Mankhwala otsutsana ndi mbozi pa pine
Akatswiri amadziwa mmene angaperekere pini kuchokera ku mbozi. Madzi otchedwa Coniferous moto ndi zobiriwira (zakuda) zingagonjetsedwe pogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ophera tizilombo "Aktellik" ndi "Confidor".
Mukhoza kutsanulira zomera ndikukonzekera chilengedwe:
- "Bitoxibacillin";
- "Lepidocide";
- "Lepidobaktsid".
Ndikofunikira! Ngati mwasankha momwe mungamenyane ndi mapiritsi a pine mu njira yamagetsi, ndibwino kuyesa mankhwala pa mtengo umodzi wa pine musanayambe njira yothandizira. Ngati maola makumi awiri ndi awiri (24) aliwonse, mtengo wa conifer sukhoza kuwonongeka, mungagwiritse ntchito chida pazitsulo zonse zomwe zimayikidwa pa tsamba lanu.Pofuna kuthandizira, akatswiri amalangiza mankhwala osakaniza. Nthawi zonse werengani malangizo mosamala musanagwiritse ntchito. Onetsetsani malamulo otetezeka pakusintha kwa mapiritsi kuchokera ku tizirombo.
Kuteteza katsamba pa pine
Kupewa pa nambala zochepa ndiko kufufuza nyengo. Ntchentche zimabzala nyengo yotentha ndi youma (mapeto a masika - kuyamba kwa chilimwe). Ngati nthawi yotentha, yowuma, yang'anani. Nthawi yamvula imakhala yowopsa kwa mbozi ya pine - nthawi zambiri amafa ndi matenda.
Tizilombo tomwe timapanga tizilombo toyambitsa matenda m'nthaka kuzungulira mtengo wa pine, choncho, pofuna kupewa, ndibwino kukumba pafupi ndi thunthu mu November. Mu nthawi yamasika, nkofunika kuwononga mphutsi mwa kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda.
Poganizira zochitikazo, pitani Pineya pafupi ndi mitengo yosalala, tchire. Zowonongeka kochepa ndi sawflies. Kusinthasintha kwa pine ndi mitundu yovuta ya mtengo kumapangitsa kuti zikhale zovuta kwa akazi kufunafuna chakudya. Dulani pansi pozungulira pini kumapeto kwa dzinja - kumayambiriro kwa autumn mpaka kuya masentimita 7 mpaka 10. Komabe, musadwale, kuti musawononge mizu ya minda.
Mbalame zokongola ku malo anu omwe amadyetsa tizirombo ta mitengo ya coniferous ndi mbozi. Kuti muchite izi, khalani pa mitengo ikuluikulu ya mabokosi okhala ndi mitengo, pangani mabokosi a chisa. Makakuloni otchuka, ichneumonids, tachins, nyerere zamtchire zofiira, mabomba a pansi sadzakhala othandiza kwambiri pakudwalitsa tizilombo. Bzalani maluwa ambiri m'munda - otetezera zachilengedwe pamapini adzakhala alendo pa tsamba lanu.