Zomera zodabwitsa kunyumba sizinadodometsa, koma zimakondweretsa diso ndi zosavuta komanso zobiriwira zokongola. Papaya ndi imodzi mwa zomera zimenezi, zikuwonekera ngati mtengo wa kanjedza uli ndi masamba aakulu komanso aatali. Mu chilengedwe, kutalika kwake kufika mamita 10, kunyumba - kufika mamita 6 mu msinkhu.
Kukula mbewu za papaya
Mtengo wa papayaya umakhala malo otchuka kwambiri, umakongoletsa zipinda ndi malo otsekedwa kapena mipando yamoto ndi verandas. Mtengo uwu sungamvetsetse, choncho umasamalire ndikukula zinthu ziyenera kutsatiridwa mosalekeza.
Zofunikira pa kubzala zakuthupi
Chofunikira chachikulu chokula papaya kuchokera mwalawo ndi mbewu yatsopano. Zipatso zimadulidwa, chotsani nyembazo, zitsukidwe ndi madzi oyera. Kwa pafupi tsiku, mafupa amafunika kuti aumitsidwe, kenako ataya zowonongeka.
Kukonzekera Mbewu
Kukonzekera kukonzekera kungapangidwe. m'njira ziwiri:
- Yoyamba ndiyo kuyika zinthu mu mchenga wouma (moss) kwa maola 12 ndikuphimba ndi filimu;
- Yachiŵiri ndikuti zilowerere mu kukula kowonjezera nthawi yomweyo.
Nthawi zabwino zokhalapo
Kubzala mbewu kumachitika mu March. Panthawiyi, tsiku lowala limayamba kuwonjezeka, ndipo chomeracho chimalandira kuchuluka kwa kuwala kofunikira. Pofesa mu nyengo ina, m'pofunika kupereka chithandizo china.
Ndikofunikira! Chifukwa chosowa kuwala, mtengowo umachotsedwa mwamphamvu, sukula bwino, masamba ndi zimayambira kutembenukira chikasu, kugwirana.
Mphamvu ndi nthaka
Musanadzale papaya, kusakaniza nthaka kumakonzedwanso: kuti muchite izi, sakanizani tsamba ndi dothi, mchenga ndi peat mofanana. Ngati simungathe kukonzekera dothi nokha, nthaka yogula ficuses, yowonjezera mchenga, idzakhala yoyenera. Monga chidebe, mutha kutenga chidebe chotalikira pansi pamtsinje, mwachitsanzo, dongo lokongola kapena miyala yamtengo wapatali.
Palinso zomera zina zosowa: lychee, jujube, chinanazi, nkhaka-mandimu, kumquat, loquat.
Kufesa mbewu
Kufesa kumatenga mbewu zambiri kuti athe kusankha mbande zamphamvu kwambiri. Iwo amafesedwa pamtunda wamtunda wina ndi mnzake kwa kuya 2 cm. Pambuyo pokonza, chiwerengero cha kumera chiyenera kukhala chokwanira, chimamera masiku 12-15.
Kumera zinthu
Papaya ndi wokhala ku madera otentha, kotero kuti mumvetsetse momwe mungamere ndi mbeu zapakhomo, Kutentha kokwanira, kuwala ndi chinyezi. Chidebe chokhala ndi mbewu chimavundilidwa ndi galasi, potero kumapangitsa kutentha kutentha. Onetsetsani kuti mupange mbewu kwa ola limodzi tsiku ndi tsiku, kuchotsa galasi. Mphukira zowonongeka zimakhala miphika yosiyana.
Kusamalira mmera
Mphukira imathirira madzi nthawi zonse, koma ndi tizilombo ting'onoting'ono, kuti tisawononge mizu yovunda. Ndikofunika kuteteza dothi kuti lisawume. Chomera chochepa chimafunika kuunika, ngati pali kusowa kwake, kuunikira kwina kumaperekedwa.
Kusamaliranso kwina ndi zofunikira za kukula kwa papaya kunyumba
Papaya ndi malo obadwira kum'mwera kwa Mexico, mtengowu umalowanso kumpoto ndi ku Central America. Kumtunda kwa kumpoto kotseguka, zomera sizingathe kukhala ndi moyo, kotero zimakula ngati chipinda chokongoletsa chipinda.
Kuunikira
Mtengo ukuyenera kuperekedwa kuwala kochuluka momwe zingatheremakamaka dzuwa. Ngati izi sizingatheke, nyali za fulorosenti zingagwiritsidwe ntchito.
Ndikofunikira! Mtunda pakati pa masamba ndi nyali ziyenera kukhala osachepera 30 masentimita, mwinamwake chomera chidzatenthedwa.Mtengo nthawizonse umakhala wowala mpaka kuunika, chifukwa kukula kwa yunifolomu nthawi zonse kumayendayenda kumbali zosiyanasiyana. M'chilimwe, mitengo yachikulire imatsimikiziridwa pa khonde, pang'onopang'ono kuwaumitsa iwo.
Mavuto otentha
Monga tafotokozera kale, chikhalidwe ndi chilengedwe ndipo chimafuna kutentha nthawi zonse. mpweya (khonde, loggia, khonde).
Kuthirira ndi chinyezi
Papaya ali ndi masamba akulu, kuchokera ku chinyezi chamtundu chotere chimapsa mofulumira komanso mowonjezereka, chifukwa cha kuthirira komwe kumafunika tsiku ndi tsiku. Kuti apitirize kutentha kwambiri, kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa kumachitika. Kuchuluka kwa chinyezi ndi chosafunika kwambiri, choncho papaya panyumba mu mphika ayenera kukhala ndi madzi abwino ndi kukhetsa poto kwa chinyezi chowonjezera. Mu nyengo yozizira, kuthirira kumachitika pang'ono.
Kupaka pamwamba
Chomeracho chimayamba kudyetsa masabata awiri mutatha kuika. Pangani zojambula zovuta mchere kamodzi kamodzi pa masabata awiri, malinga ndi malangizo a feteleza. Mtengo umayankha bwino mankhwala: organic humus ndi manyowa. Pa maluwa amafunikira phosphorous-fetereza fetereza, ndi kukula - nayitrogeni. Musaiwale za mulch, njira yabwino ingakhale udzu wouma, umene mumakhala nawo kutsanzira pansi pa rainforest.
Kuwaza
M'magulu achinyamata, mizu imakula mofulumira, ikudzaza chidebe chonsecho. Kukula kumafunika chaka chilichonse kuti kukula kusachedwe. Apa ndikofunikira kukumbukira fragility kwambiri ya mizu ya chomera, ngakhale kuwonongeka pang'ono kwa izo kudzatsogolera ku imfa. Popanda kukulitsa, pang'onopang'ono sipadzakhalanso maluwa, mukhoza kuiwala za fruiting. Chitsulo chilichonse chatsopano pakupatsirana ndi 8-10 masentimita kuposa chija.
Ndikofunikira! Mphika waukulu umatsutsana, chifukwa mizu ilibe nthawi yophimba nthaka, ndipo kuthirira pakakhala vuto la mizu yovunda. Large mphamvu ndi yabwino kwa amphamvu ndi anayamba mizu cuttings.
Kubereka papaya cuttings
Kodi mungamange bwanji mapaipi a papaya? Pachifukwa ichi, zidutswa za zomera zapakati pa zaka chimodzi kapena ziwiri zili 1.5 masentimita wandiweyani. Zidulidwa kutalika kwa masentimita 10, zimadula pafupifupi masamba onse, zouma kwa masiku atatu: siziyenera kukhala ndi madzi ambiri, ndipo malo odulidwawo adzapitilira panthawiyi mabakiteriya.
Kenaka rooting imabzalidwa mu chidebe ndi mchenga waukulu wa mchenga kapena peat, kubzala mozama pafupifupi masentimita atatu. Tsephirani kudula ndi botolo la pulasitiki, rooting siidzachitika popanda kutentha kwenikweni. Kuyamba koyamba kumapangidwa mu chidebe 2-3 masentimita kuposa kuposa kale.
M'tsogolomu, chisamaliro sichinali chosiyana ndi zikhalidwe za msungidwe wa chithunzi chachikulu.
Mothandizidwa ndi cuttings komanso kufalitsidwa: thuja, mphesa, maula, laurel, chrysanthemum, petunia, clematis, Brugmania, plumeria.
Ndi matenda ndi tizirombo ati omwe amawopsyeza?
Papayas, akakula msinkhu, amakhala ndi tizirombo ndi matenda ochepa, koma akhoza kuononga mtengo. Katemera wa kangaude ndi aphid ndi owopsa chifukwa amamwa kuyamwa kwa mbewu, kuwononga masamba ndi mapesi, kusiya ana awo. Polimbana nawo, mankhwala a acaricidal zochita tizilombo, monga "Aktellik", "Antiklesch", zamoyo - "Akarin" ndi "Fitoverm" amagwiritsidwa ntchito. Mwa njira zodziwika zimathandiza kupopera madzi a sopo, decoctions ya yarrow kapena adyo.
Matenda ambiri ndi powdery mildew, zomwe zimayambitsa - mkulu wa chinyezi kapena ozizira. Kupewa kudzateteza kutentha kwabwino, kuyendetsa ulimi wothirira (zomwezo zimagwiranso ntchito kuzu wa zowola). Pofuna kulimbana ndi powdery mildew, yomwe imadziwika ngati mtundu woyera, imakhala yothandiza kwambiri pogwiritsa ntchito mkuwa sulphate kapena colloidal sulfure. Kukonzekera kwa fungicide "Hom", "Kuprozan", "Vitaros" kumathandiza kuthana ndi matendawa. Njira zogonjetsa anthu: sopo-soda solution, ash ash solution, yochepa pinki yothetsera potassium permanganate ndi decoction anyezi kapena adyo.
Mukudziwa? Pa chigawo chimodzi cha "mbali za Indiana Jones", Harrison Ford adayambitsa chithandizo cha intervertebral hernia ndi jekeseni la papain. Chozizwitsa ichi cha otentha ndichiwongoleranso ndikuchiritsa.
Kodi papaya imabala pakhomo?
Fruiting papaya panyumba ndi nkhani yotsutsana: malingana ndi deta, zipatso zimagwa, osakhala ndi nthawi yoti zipse, malinga ndi ndemanga zina zomwe zimapsa. Olima amalima, omwe ali ndi mwayi wokwanira kuti adye zipatso za zomera zawo, amaumirira pa malo abwino a chisamaliro ndi kukonza, ndiye chokhumba chimakhala chotheka. Maluwa oyambirira amapezeka patapita miyezi 10-11 kuchokera kubzala, ndipo pambuyo pake, zipatso zikuwonekera.
Mukudziwa? Amwenye a ku America adagwiritsa ntchito madzi a mchere kuti achepetse nyama zakale kapena zolimba. Zosangalatsa n'chakuti ndi kukhudzana kwa nthawi yaitali ndi madzi, zolemba zazithunzi zimachotsedwa pang'onopang'ono.Papayas amawakonda chifukwa cha phindu lawo, amagwiritsidwa ntchito monga zakudya, vitamini, komanso ngati njira yowononga matenda ena, mwachitsanzo, chimfine ndi chimfine. Zipatso ndi juzi zimagwiritsidwa ntchito mu cosmetology, monga gawo la mankhwala osamalira khungu pamaso, pamutu ndi manja, ndi tsitsi.
