Vallota - kukula komanso kusamalira kunyumba, mitundu yazithunzi

Vallota (Vallota) - chomera chamaluwa chochuluka kuchokera ku banja la Amaryllis. Mu chilengedwe, chogawidwa m'chigawo chaku South Africa, dziko la Wallota ndi dera la Cape, lomwe lili gawo la South Africa. Kunyumba, duwa lakhala likukula kuyambira zaka za m'ma 1700.

Chomera chobwera chimamera pamlingo wambiri, nthawi zambiri kutalika kwake sikokwanira kupitirira 0.5 m. Kutulutsa kwa wallota kumachitika m'chilimwe, koma zina zofanizira ndi bulb wamphamvu zimatha kutulutsa kawiri - kasupe ndi nthawi yophukira.

Vallota imakopa chidwi ndi maluwa ofiira okongola, ofanana ndi mabelu akulu, ndi zokongola zagolide. Dzinali limaperekedwa ndi dzina la wasayansi wazachilengedwe wa ku France, a Pierre Vallo, omwe adafotokozera za sayansi posimba za mtengowo.

Onetsetsani kuti mwayang'ana maluwa a hemanthus ochokera kubanja lomwelo. Amawoneka bwino kwambiri awiriawiri.

Zothandiza pazenera

Ngakhale kuti zokongola za Wallot ndizopanda poyipa, ndizothandiza. Makhalidwe abwino a mbewuyi ndi kukongola kwake. Kulingalira kophulika kwa maluwa kumabweretsa chisangalalo chosayerekezeka.

Chisangalalo cholumikizana ndi nthumwi ya maluwa zimakhazikika m'maganizo, zimawonjezera mamvekedwe a thupi. Chomera chimagogomezera umunthu wamkati, chimapangitsa malo abwino m'nyumba.

Vallota: chisamaliro chakunyumba. Mwachidule

Kuti wallota ikhazikike bwino panyumba, muyenera kudziwa zokonda zake ndikupanga malo abwino ake:

Chisamaliro cha Wallot kunyumba. Mwatsatanetsatane

Vallota ndi chomera chokongola chakunja. M'nyumba, umazika bwino ndipo umaphukira mosavuta, ngati mungakhale ndi malo abwino.

Nthawi yopumula

Pambuyo maluwa, Wallota angongole kuti akufunika nthawi yowuma yoyenda pang'onopang'ono. Nthawi zambiri izi zimachitika mkati mwa Seputembara. Peduncle wofota kwathunthu chimachotsedwa. Vallota imakonzedwanso m'malo abwino komanso osungidwa kutentha pafupifupi + 12 ° C.

Kutsirira kuyenera kukhala kocheperachepera kuchirikiza masamba osati kuyambitsa mizu. Kuvala kwapamwamba kumayima.

Kukonzekera kwa maluwa

Kumayambiriro kwa Epulo, Wallota ayamba kudzuka ndikutulutsa masamba. Ndi nthawi iyi pamene kukonzekera kwamaluwa kumayamba. Zowonjezera siziyenera kuloledwa mwachangu, mtundu wamaluwa amtsogolo zimatengera izi. Pang'onopang'ono onjezerani kutentha kwa zomwe zilipo, osatsogolera pakuwonjezeka kwambiri.

Amadyetsa chomeracho ndi feteleza wosiyanasiyana wamadzimadzi, amachepetsa pakati. Pamene peduncle ikuwoneka, mlingo wa phosphorous pazovala umachuluka: gawo limalimbikitsa maluwa. Gawo laling'ono liyenera kukhala lonyowa nthawi zonse. Onetsetsani kuti palibe kusunthika kwa chinyezi.

Maluwa

Zomera zaku banja la Amaryllis sizimangokongola, koma modabwitsa. Kutulutsa kwa wallota ndi mawonekedwe osaiwalika, ngakhale kuti mtundu wamtundu wa mitundu makamaka umakhala wofiira - mithunzi ya lalanje. Babu imodzi imapanga ma peduniking awiri kapena kupitilira apo, kutalika kwake sikupita mamita 0.4 Pa lirilonse la maluwa akulu 7 - gramophone.

Dongosolo lawo nthawi zambiri limaposa masentimita 5. Maluwa amatengedwa mu inflorescence - maambulera. Zojambula zagolide zimagogomezera mawonekedwe apamwamba a pamakhala. Kutalika kwa moyo wa peduncle mpaka sabata. Pamaluwa, Wallot akupitilizidwa kudyetsedwa. Thirani madzi mosamala, osayesa kunyowetsa maluwa. Amateteza chomera kuchoka kumakonzedwe komanso kusintha mwadzidzidzi kutentha.

Njira yotentha

Zomera zokhala ndi mizu yakumwera, ndikofunikira kusungitsa kutentha kwa boma, apo ayi zimakula mosagwirizana, zimachepetsa kukula, ndipo sizitulutsa. M'nyengo yozizira, chomera cha wallot kunyumba chizisungidwa pa kutentha osaposa + 28 ° C, ndipo nthawi yotentha ku + 12 ° C.

Duwa sililekerera kukonzekera komanso kusintha kwadzidzidzi kwa kutentha. M'nyengo yotentha, Vallota amasangalala ndi mpweya wabwino m'mundamo kapena khonde.

Kuwaza

Duwa limakhala lomasuka pamene chipindacho chili chinyezi chambiri. Kusamalira wallot kunyumba kumalimbikitsa kuti uzipopera mankhwalawa tsiku lililonse pachilimwe. Izi ziyenera kuchitika mosamala kwambiri, osafikira maluwa. Kuti pakhale chinyezi pamlingo woyenera, botilo lamadzi lotseguka limayikidwa pafupi ndi chomera, nthawi zina chimayatsira chinyezi. Nthawi ndi nthawi pukutani masamba ndi nsalu yofewa.

Kuwala

Chomera chakum'mwera chimakondwera kuwala kukagwera pamenepo. Kuwala kwa dzuwa kumakhala ndi phindu pa kakulidwe kake, kuyambitsa mphamvu. Kunyumba wallota amakonda kuwala kowala, koma pamasiku otentha amayenera kuzimitsidwa, chifukwa apo ayi kuyaka sikungapeweke. Zoyenera kwambiri kuyika pazenera ndi mawindo akuyang'ana kumwera, kumwera chakum'mawa ndi kumwera chakumadzulo.

Windows yakuwongolera yakumpoto siyipatula: duwa litambasulidwa, kuyimitsa udzu. Koma nthawi yozizira, olima maluwa odziwa bwino amalimbikitsa kuyika mphikawo ndi chowotera pazenera lakumpoto, kuti mbewuyo ipumule ndikupuma kwathunthu. Mu kasupe, duwa limabwezedwera kumalo ake akale - nyali-yabwino.

Kutsirira Wallots

Ndikofunikira kuyang'anira nthaka ndikuletsa kupangika kwa kutumphuka pa iyo. Kuthirira makoma nthawi yamaluwa ndikutukuka kwambiri kumachitika nthaka ikayamba kuuma.

Nthawi zambiri izi zimachitika kamodzi masiku 7, nthawi yotentha - kawirikawiri, kuti masamba asadutse (wallota akumva kuwawa kwambiri ndikusintha komwe kumachitika nawo). Pambuyo maluwa, pafupipafupi kuthirira kumachepa, nthawi yozizira, kuthirira ndikofunikira pafupifupi masiku 12 aliwonse. Pakathirira madzi ofunda otetezedwa bwino.

Poto wa Wallot

Zotsatira zakukula kwa wallota ndikuyenda kwawo kokhazikika, kwamtunda kosalekeza. Ndikofunikira kuti wofesayo apange nyengo yabwino kuti chomera chiwonetsere "mabelu" ake odabwitsa padziko lapansi. Chofunika kwambiri ndi mphika wa mafotolo. Mukamagula chidebe chambiri, ana ambiri amapanga, ndipo m'malo mophuka kwambiri, fotilo lidzawasamalira, ndikupereka mphamvu pakukula kwa mababu.

Chifukwa chake, mphika umafunika wocheperako. Dawo lalikulu la maluwa achikulire pafupifupi 80 mm. Mtunda kuchokera pa khoma lililonse la mphikawo suyenera kupitirira 40 mm, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti mulifupi mwa chidebe cha munthu wamkulu ndi 160 mm. Chomera chaching'ono chimafunikira mphika womwe mulitali wake sunapitirire 100 mm. Kutalika kwa chidebe sikuyenera kukhala kwakukulu kuposa mulifupi mwake.

Pogula mphika, muyenera kuyang'ana nthawi zonse kuti pansi pake pali mabowo.

Dothi

Zakudya za m'nthaka zimayenera kumayenda momasuka ku mizu ya chomera, ndiye kuti wallota imakula bwino. Izi ndizotheka ngati mutatenga dothi lotayirira ndikuloledwa kubzala maluwa. Mu sitolo muthagula gawo lapansi la maluwa oyambira ndi kuwonjezerapo ndi makala opera, makala odulidwa a spruce, sphagnum.

Kuwongolera katundu wamadzi, njerwa zomata, vermiculite imawonjezeredwa pansi. Mutha kukonzekera dothi losakaniza mosavomerezeka, mutenge mulingo wofanana humus, dothi la m'munda, peat, mchenga. Sinthani kapangidwe kazigawo zomwe zimapangidwa monga gawo lapansi lomalizidwa.

Feteleza ndi feteleza

Kuti wallota ipangike bwino panyumba ndikuphuka mokongola, kuvala pamwamba komanso feteleza ndizofunikira. Gwiritsani ntchito feteleza wosavuta wazomera wa maluwa. Chidacho chimagwiritsidwa ntchito mu mawonekedwe osungunuka pambuyo kuthirira kwamadzulo. Phula wa feteleza amakhala womizika bwino ndi mizu, pomwe amachepetsa chiopsezo chakukulitsa mbewu.

Duwa lokhala ndi udzu wambiri limapanga udzu wobiriwira ndipo limaphuka bwino. Izi zimachepetsa zokongoletsera za ma walloti. Kuvala kwapamwamba kumachitika nthawi yamasamba olimba kamodzi masiku 14. Pambuyo maluwa, sinthani pafupipafupi njirayi, ndipo nthawi yozizira siyani kwathunthu. Kudyetsa chomeracho, chimasinthidwa tsiku limodzi.

Thirani

Vallota ndi chomera chambiri. Amakonda chidwi chilichonse chakunja. Nthawi zambiri, kuziika kwa wallot zimachitika zaka 2.5 zilizonse, nthawi ya masika. Mtengowo umachotsedwa mosamala mumphika, kuyesera kuti usawononge babu ndi mizu. Kuika maluwa ndi nthawi yosinthira mphika, dothi ndikuwonjezera madziwo.

Ikani chofunda, osakuza babu kuti pasapezeke kuwonongeka kwa maziko a tsinde. Gawo lachitatu liyenera kukwera pamwamba pa gawo lapansi. Pambuyo pa njirayi, Wallot azolowera malo kwatsopano kwa nthawi yayitali ndipo sadzapitiriza kukula nthawi yomweyo. Popeza mizu yakula, duwa limakula kumtunda kwake.

Pambuyo povula, Wallot iyenera kuyikidwa pamalo otetezedwa ndi dzuwa. M'malo m'malo chomera chachikulire, zosanjikiza zapamwamba zimasinthidwa m'malo mwake. Pambuyo pa milungu itatu, Wallot imatha kudyetsedwa.

Kodi kudula chideru?

Vallota amafunikira kudulira kuti achotse masamba owuma kwathunthu. Ngati pepala silinasungunuke kwathunthu, musalikhudze mpaka mawonekedwe onse a pansi. Pambuyo pamaluwa, maulendo oyendayenda kwathunthu amachotsedwanso.

Kufalitsa kwa Wallot

Kufalitsa kwa Wallota ndikotheka m'njira ziwiri.

Kukula kwa Wallow kuchokera ku Mbewu

Gawani mu Okutobala kapena Novembala. Mbewu zimanyowa mu njira yokhuthala ya potaziyamu permanganate ndi kumera pakati pazigawo za wothira gauze kapena pepala la fyuluta. Zofesedwa mu gawo lapansi kuya kwakuya pafupifupi 50 mm. Phimbani ndigalasi kapena filimu, zimere ndi kutentha pang'ono. Pogona amamuthira madzi ndikudyetsa mbande. Pambuyo pa masiku 20, mbande zimatuluka. Pambuyo pa miyezi 3.5, anyezi ang'onoang'ono amawokedwa, kumizidwa kwathunthu pansi. Mbewuyi imathiriridwa madzi pang'ono. Chaka chotsatira, mu nthawi yophukira, mababu okhwima amasinthidwa kotero kuti khosi la mizu limawonekera pang'ono pamwamba pa nthaka. Vallota yobzalidwa ndi mbeu imaphuka pakapita zaka zitatu.

Kufalitsa kwa Wallot kwa ana

Kuchitika pambuyo Thirani. Mababu opangidwira amasiyanitsidwa bwino ndi mizu ya chomera cha mayi ndi kubzala m'miphika yaying'ono, yoyikidwa m'manda mwa 2/3. Poyamba, mbande sizikhala madzi ambiri. Vallota, wamkulu kuchokera kwa ana, pachimake m'chaka chachiwiri.

Kukula chomera chachikulu kuchokera kwa njere zazing'ono ndikutenga nthawi. Chifukwa chake, njira yachiwiri yoberekera imagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri. Amadziwikanso chifukwa maluwa amene amabzala ndi ana ali ngati chomera - "mayi".

Matenda ndi Tizilombo

Matenda ndi tizilombo toononga sizimakhudza mbewu. Chifukwa cha chisamaliro chosayenera, mavuto amapezeka nthawi zambiri:

• Malangizo a masamba oma mapangidwe ake - kwatentha chomera (chofikitsa chipinda, kuteteza duwa kuti lisungidwe;
• mawanga a bulauni pamasamba - chizindikiro cha imvi zowola chifukwa cha chinyezi chambiri komanso pakasenda (kudula masamba omwe akhudzidwa, gwiritsani ntchito chomera ndi fungicide; phulikani pafupipafupi);
• masamba afota, makwinya - chizindikiro cha fusariosis (chotsani mbali zonse zowonongeka, kuwaza malo odulidwayo ndi sulufu kapena makala; ngati mbewuyo itawonongeka kwambiri, singapulumutsidwe);
• wallota sichimera - kusowa kwa nthawi yopuma; kukhala malo osayatsidwa bwino ndikukula mumphika wokulirapo (khalani ozizira nthawi yozizira komanso osowa madzi; pitani kumalo opepuka; sinthani mumphika wapafupi).

Nthawi zambiri, wallota amakhudzidwa ndi nsabwe za m'masamba, mealybugs, tizilombo tosiyanasiyana, ndi akangaude.

Mitundu yazithunzi zapakhomo zokhala ndi zithunzi ndi mayina

Pa chikhalidwe chanyumba, mitundu iwiri ili ponseponse:

Vallota speciosa

Kutalika kwa mbewuyo ndi pafupifupi 0.65 m.Danga la bulb la maluwa lofika mpaka 45 mm. Maluwa amafanana kwambiri ndi maluwa. Mafuta ofiira owala bwino ndi utoto wa lalanje amakhala ndi mawonekedwe ozungulira, owongoka pang'ono kumapeto. Maambulera inflorescence ndi otseguka ndipo amawongoleredwa m'mwamba. Masamba a masamba ndiotalika (pafupifupi 40 mm) ndipo m'lifupi (mpaka 30 mm), ali ndi mawonekedwe ngati lamba, wopaka utoto wa azitona wakuda. Mitundu yamaluwa imakhala pakati pa Ogasiti.

Vallota purpurea

Pa peduncle imodzi, maluwa 6 mpaka 8 okhala ndi mulifupi mwake mpaka 50 mm amapangidwa nthawi yomweyo. Zithunzi zowala zimayatsidwa kumapeto. Kutalika kwa masamba opyapyala wobiriwira sikokwanira kupitirira masentimita 0,35. Kumera pachimake kwambiri.

Kukula kwa wallota kumadzetsa chisangalalo mnyumbayo. Maambulera ake ofiira owoneka bwino, kudzoza kumabwera ndipo chisoni chimatha.