Ipomoea ndi kalasi ya maluwa, omwe ndi oimira wamkulu pa kalasi ya banja la Vyunkov.
Mukudziwa? Dzina limachokera ku Greek ips - "worm" ndi homios - "monga". Dzina la duwalo linayambira chifukwa cha tsinde lopotoka kwambiri lomwe limapweteka ngati mphutsi..
Kufika koyenera kwa Ipomoea
Kubereka kwapomoea kumachitika mothandizidwa ndi cuttings kapena mbewu. Kubzala zomera kumafuna kutsata malamulo. Mwachitsanzo, mbande za Ipomoea ziyenera kukula mumdima wowonjezera kapena chipinda china chofunda. Pambuyo pa ipomoea, imafunika kuikidwa pansi.
Ndikofunika kufesa ipomoea pa mbande mu March, pamene mbeu zake zimamera msanga. Asanafesedwe, ayenera kuthiridwa mu yankho la "Kornevina" kapena "Heteroauxin", izi zidzalimbikitsa kukula kwawo. Chifukwa cha njirayi, mbeu posachedwapa idzaphuka yomwe idzakula mofulumira.
Popeza mbewu za ipomoea ndi zazikulu, zikhoza kubzalidwa zidutswa 2-3 mu chidebe ndi gawo lapansi. Dothi liyenera kukhala lopweteka, lopatsa thanzi komanso yunifolomu. Kuchokera ku mtundu wa nthaka mwachindunji kumadalira kukula ndi pachimake cha Ipomoea.
Pambuyo kufesa, chomeracho chiyenera kuthiriridwa bwino ndi madzi ofunda. N'zosatheka kuteteza overmoistening, udzawononga mbewu. Patapita sabata mudzawona mphukira zoyamba. Ikani zitsulo pamalo ounikira ndi kutentha kwa 18-23 ºС.
Ipomoea wamkulu mbande kuziika kumayambiriro kwa chilimwe. Panthawi imeneyo, nthaka yayamba kale kutentha, ndipo duwa silidzaopsezedwa ndi chisanu cha usiku, chomwe chimawononga mtengowo.
Pakubwera nthawi yolima Ipomoea kutseguka pansi, mphukira zazing'ono zimaikidwa ndi kusintha. Kawirikawiri kuti amawombera mphukira ali okonzeka masabata awiri. Mtunda wa pakati pa mphukira uyenera kukhala pafupifupi 20 cm kupatula. Pambuyo pa kuziyika kwa iwo nkofunikira kukhazikitsa chithandizo monga mawonekedwe a nsomba zochepetsedwa.
Pofuna kudumpha mbande zopanda mbande, ipomeyu ikhoza kufesedwa pansi. Kuti muchite izi, zimbani mbeu tsiku limodzi m'madzi ofunda kapena yankho la "Heteroauxin" ndikukhala pansi kumapeto kwa May, mutakumba 1 masentimita.
Malowa ayenera kutenthedwa ndi kutetezedwa ku mphepo. Mu sabata mudzawona mphukira yoyamba. Pambuyo pake, mphukira imayamba kukula mofulumira, choncho muyenera kuyambitsa chithandizo.
Kusamalira zomera panthawi ya maluwa
Ipomee, ngati mbewu ina iliyonse, imafuna kusamalidwa nthawi zonse. Pa nthawi ya maluwa, duwa ili likufunikira kuyang'anira.
Kuthirira ndi kumasula nthaka
Nthaka pansi pa mbande imayenera kuwonetsa nthawi zonse. Maluwa awa salola kuleza chilala, koma musalole madzi ochulukirapo m'nthaka. Chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa nthaka, mphukira za Ipomoean zimavunda, zomwe zimachititsa maluwa kufa.
Chomera chachikulu chiyenera kuthiriridwa nthawi zonse m'nyengo yozizira kuti maluwawo asaume. Kuyambira mu September, kuthirira kumafunika kokha nthaka itatha.
Nthaka kumene duwa limakula, muyenera kumasula nthawi zonse. Izi zimachitidwa kuti mizu ipeze oxygen ndi zakudya kuchokera ku fetereza zomwe mumadyetsa maluwa. Pofuna kumasula, dulani nthaka masentimita ambiri.
Feteleza ndi ipomoa kudya
Kudyetsa ipomoea kuyenera kuchitika panthawi ya kukula kwa mbewu pamasabata atatu. Monga kuvala pamwamba ndi bwino kugwiritsa ntchito feteleza wapadera kwa cacti kapena zomera zokongola.
Ndikofunika kumvetsetsa kuti feteleza ambiri, makamaka omwe ali ndi nayitrogeni, amatsogolere kupanga masamba, koma duwa limenelo silidzaphulika.
Choncho, ngati muli ndi funso, n'chifukwa chiyani ipomoea sichimasintha, dziwani: mwina chifukwa chake ndi feteleza. Mlingo woyenera kwambiri mlingo ndi ndondomeko ya zomera zamkati.
Ndikofunikira! Onetsetsani kuchuluka kwa kuchuluka kwa fetereza..
Kudulira
Ipomoea ayenera kuchotsa mphukira kapena matenda owonongeka. Nthawi yabwino yochera ndi September.
Kuchotsa zonsezi kuchokera ku chomera, mumakonzekera nyengo yachisanu dormancy.
Nthawi zina kudulira kumachitika kumapeto kwa nyengo, koma izi zimachitika kuti abwezeretse chitsamba.
Pakati pa kudulira kasupe, osapitirira atatu mphukira ayenera kusiya pa tsinde lililonse.
Kusonkhanitsa ndi kusunga mbewu
Mu August, mbewu zimayamba kuphuka pa mbeu. Amapeza zambiri, amakhwima bwino ndipo nthawi zina amapereka mbewu. Ndi bwino kusonkhanitsa mbewu za ulemerero wammawa kumapeto kwa September.
Panthawiyi, maluwa onse amatha, ndipo m'malo mwawo muli mipira ndi mbewu, zomwe zimatenthedwa ndi dzuwa.
Pewani mpira ndi kuwunyema, ngati mbewu zakuda, zikutanthauza kuti zatha.
Sungani nyemba mu mtsuko ndikuchoka mu yosungirako mpaka chaka chamawa mu chipinda chamdima. Mbeu za Ipomoea zikhoza kusungidwa kwa nthawi yaitali ndipo sizikutaya katundu wawo.
Mitundu ya ipomoea ndi zomera zina
Ulemerero wa m'mawa ndi wabwino kuti zisinthe mlengalenga. Iye adzabweretsa kukhudzidwa kwa mwatsopano ndi kuwala kwa munda wanu. Ipomoea imagwirizanitsidwa bwino ndi zomera zina zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga kusintha kwa gawolo, mwachitsanzo, mphesa zakutchire, mapiko, ivy kapena Campsis.
Pakugwa, duwa limayenda bwino ndi timadontho ta hop. Ipomoea idzawoneka bwino m'munda uli ndi mitengo yowonongeka. Makamaka izi zimagwirizanitsa ngati ipomoea idzaphuka pakati pa nthambi. Tangoganizirani momwe maluwa ake a mtengo wamkulu amachitira bwino.
Kugwiritsira ntchito Ipomoea kumalo okongoletsera
Ipomeyu nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga malo. Chomeracho chimakhala ngati "chishango chamoyo" kuchokera ku dzuwa kwa veranda kapena kutseguka. Maluwa awa amawoneka okongola pafupi ndi nyali zakale zojambula.
Mutha kuona kuti ipomoea yabzalidwa pafupi ndi makoma a nyumba zazitali ndi nyumba imodzi.
Onetsetsani malingaliro anu, taganizirani momwe mungabzalitsire ipomoea kukongoletsa chiwembu chanu.
Ndikofunikira! Pogwiritsa ntchito ipomeyu kupanga mapepala anu, kumbukirani kuti ndi chisanu choyamba kuonekera kwa zomera kudzasintha kwambiri. Liana ali ndi otsika chisanu kukana.
Matenda a Ipomoea ndi tizilombo toononga
Ipomoea imakhudzidwa ndi chikoka cha tizirombo zosiyanasiyana ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda. Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda timatha kupha mbewu ngati sititengedwe.
Maluwa amawoneka ngati matenda a fungus: anthracnose, dzimbiri yoyera, mitundu yovunda - yofewa, wakuda, mizu, tsinde, komanso matenda a tizilombo ndi maumunthu, monga white edema.
Kawirikawiri, zomera zimangokhala ndi matenda a fungaliti, makamaka ngati nthawi zonse zimakhala zonyansa. Matenda ena oyambitsa matenda amatha kuchiritsidwa mwa kuchotsa mabala ovunda ndi kuchiza mipesa ndi fungicide.
Komabe, ngati mwapeza kuti muzu, chofewa kapena tsinde zowola mmunda wanu, chotsani maluwa omwe ali ndi kachilombo ka HIV nthawi yomweyo, popeza bowa sizingathetsere mankhwala.
N'zosatheka kuchiza matenda opatsirana a Ipomoea. Mitengo yowonongeka iyenera kutenthedwa mwamsanga kuti iteteze kufalikira kwa matenda.
White edema si matenda opatsirana. Zimakhulupirira kuti zomera zokhazo zimakula mu nyumba kapena wowonjezera kutentha akhoza kutenga matendawa. Zimapezeka chifukwa cha kuthirira madzi komanso kutentha kwambiri, komanso kutentha kwakukulu.
Zizindikiro zake ndi mabelters ndi mabotolo pamasamba, omwe amayamba kutulutsa bulauni. Ngati palibe chomwe chikuchitika, posachedwa masamba amangogwa. Pofuna kupeŵa matendawa, malamulo a agrotechnical akulima ulemerero wammawa ayenera kutsatira.
Zowonongeka kwambiri ndi akalulu ndi nsabwe za m'masamba. Ngati mutapeza nsabwe za m'masamba pamaluwa anu, perekani nyembazo ndi madzi a sopo. Kangaude mite amaopa madzi ozizira.
Ingoponyera liana ndi madzi ndipo tizilombo tisafe. Njira izi zimagwira ntchito ngati mutapeza tizilombo nthawi yomweyo. Ngati adziwa kale, ndiye mankhwala okhaokha, monga Akarin, Karbofos, Fitoverm, kapena Aktellik, amathandizira kulimbana nawo.
Tsopano inu mukudziwa momwe mungamere ipomoea ndi momwe mungasamalirire izo.
