Ndemanga za mitundu yabwino kwambiri ya beet. Kodi n'chiyani chimatsimikizira kuti shuga ndi yotani ndipo ingakhale yabwino?

Beet kwa zaka zambiri zimakhala zopindulitsa kwambiri. Ambiri amaimira zakudya zambiri zomwe amakonda komanso zowakonda kwambiri ku Russia. Olima munda amalima beet, mwa kuyesa kusankha mitundu yowutsa mudyo komanso yokoma.

Mbewu iyi imakhala ndi mavitamini ochuluka ndipo imalimbikitsa machiritso a thupi. Nkhaniyi ikufotokoza mwatsatanetsatane zomwe zimapangitsa kukoma kwa muzu, ngati zingatheke, ndi mitundu yabwino kwambiri, yofiira ndi yowonjezera.

Kodi zimadalira chiyani?

Kukoma kwa beets kungakhale kosiyana kwambiri, komanso juiciness ndi softness. Kukoma kwa beets kumadziwika ndi kuchuluka kwa shuga mmenemo.

Ndi njira zolakwika za ulimi, mukhoza kupeza masamba ovuta komanso osakaniza.

Chofunika kwambiri ndi:

• kusankha mbewu zabwino;
• chisamaliro choyenera - kuthira madzi okwanira uniform, kusunga chinyontho nthawi zonse ndi nthaka yosasunthika, kuthamanga kwa mizu, kudula mbande, kudyetsa bwino ndi kusamalitsa nthaka, pH 6.5-7.5, kupalira, kusakaniza;
• kukula kwa mbewu zokolola siziyenera kupitirira 5-6 masentimita.

Kodi pali zokoma zokha mu beet iyi?

Pa mitundu yonse ya shuga ya beet ndi yokoma kwambiri. Kusakaniza shuga mu mitundu yake yamakono ndiposa 20%. Anachotsedwa ku beet yafodya chifukwa cha shuga za mafakitale m'ma 1800 ku Germany. Ndipo izi zinachitika chifukwa chakuti pali shuga wambiri mu masamba ambiri: mu chipinda chodyera - 8.3%, mu chakudya - 6%.

Ndi mitundu iti yomwe ili mdima ndipo imakhala ndi mavitamini ambiri?

Mtundu wa khungu la beet wofiira ukhoza kukhala wofiira kupita ku violet kwambiri.ndipo zamkati zimachokera ku zoyera kupita ku mdima wofiira ndi wamdima wofiira. Zimakhulupirira kuti mnofu ndi mdima, zipatso za tastier komanso shuga, mavitamini, anthocyanins ndi mchere.

Koma pakalipano pali mitundu yambiri yokoma ndi zamkati zochokera ku zoyera mpaka zachikasu. Ponena za shuga ndi shuga, zitsamba zake zimakhala zoyera.

Anthu otchuka kwambiri pakati pa wamaluwa ndiwo mitundu yokolola.

Shuga

Kumayambiriro:

• Latifa - Zovuta kwambiri zoyambirira, zomwe zimadziwika ndi kukana kwa chilala, shuga yapamwamba yokhala ndi 20.2%.
• Clarina omwe amadziwika ndi kukula kwa muzu ndi kusungunuka shuga, shuga wokwanira 18.9%.
• Acacia - Chosiyana ndikuteteza matenda ndi chilala, shuga wambiri, shuga wokwanira 18.5%.

Mufotokozedwe mwatsatanetsatane za mitundu yoyambirira ya beets ndi makhalidwe a kulima kwawo, tawuza apa.

Zamkatimu:

• Kuthamanga - zimaphatikizapo zokolola zambiri ndi shuga zokwanira 19.3%, matenda olekerera.
• Caesaria Amadziwika ndi kuteteza matenda, shuga yambiri ya 19%.
• Andromeda - Mitengo yambiri yokhala ndi mizu yambiri, matenda olekerera, shuga 18.5%.
• Casimir - yosungidwa bwino, osagonjetsedwa ndi matenda, shuga yapamwamba yokhala ndi 19.8%.

Chakumapeto:

• Efeso - wokwera-wololera, wosakanizidwa ndi matenda ndi chilala, shuga wokwanira 18.2%.
• Roderick - kukula mofulumira, opindulitsa kwambiri, kulimbana ndi matenda ndi chilala, wosakanizidwa ndi shuga wokwanira 18.3%.
• Concept - wosakanikirana, wofulumira, wodwala matenda omwe ali ndi shuga ndi 18.6%.

Mudzapeza tsatanetsatane wa shuga beet ndi malangizo akukula mu nkhaniyi.

Chipinda chodyera

Kumayambiriro:

• Mpira wofiira ali ndi mizu yolemera 150-250 magalamu ndi yowutsa mudyo mdima wofiira. Bzalani kumayambiriro kwa masika ndikukolola masiku pafupifupi 70.
• Boheme Kubala masiku 77-83, ali ndi kukoma kwakukulu ndi kulekerera matenda, amasungidwa bwino.
• Pablo F1 yakhala ndi mizu yokoma ya masekeli 200-380, omwe amasungidwa bwino.
• Aigupto akunyumba ali ndi mbewu zazikulu zofiira-maroon zopitirira theka la kilo ndi kukoma kokoma, kuchepa, kusagonjetsa chilala.

Zamkatimu:

• Valenta ali ndi mizu yofiira yofiira ya masekeli 175-360 ndi zakudya zosasangalatsa za mchere, ali ndi kukana kozizira, kulekerera matenda, amasungidwa bwino.
• Zokoma ndi chikhalidwe chosasinthasintha chosasinthasintha ndi zipatso zazing'ono zakuda za chitumbuwa, zoyenera kuphika mitundu yonse.
• Eclips - Chikhalidwe chosagonjetsedwa ndi nyengo.

  Mitundu ya Eclipse yakhala ndi mizu yambiri yozungulira yomwe imakhala yolemera makilogalamu 350 ndi minofu yofiira yofiira, yomwe imasungidwa kwa nthawi yaitali.
• Mashenka - chikhalidwe chopatsa thanzi cholimbana ndi matenda, pokhala ndi zipatso zakuda zofiira zolemera pafupifupi theka la kilogalamu ndi kukoma kwambiri.

Chakumapeto:

• Mulatto - mkulu-ololera, wodzichepetsa zosiyanasiyana, ali maroon kuzungulira mizu masamba masekeli 180-360 magalamu ndi zodabwitsa kukoma.
• Ataman kugonjetsedwa ndi chisanu, ali ndi mdima wofiira cylindrical zipatso masekeli 200-300 ndi zokoma, yowutsa mudyo, wachifundo thupi.
• Lark - Zokwera kwambiri, zokhala ndi mitundu yolimba komanso yosagonjetsedwa, zomwe zimadziwika ndi mdima wofiira wozemberera mbewu zolemera 125-340 magalamu; masamba amatha kusokoneza zinthu za poizoni ndi radionuclides kuchokera m'thupi.
• Renova - Kusamalidwa bwino kuti chilengedwe chikhale cholimba, chosasunthika chikhalidwe, chimakhala ndi zipatso zolemera makilogalamu 400 ndi zokoma zofiira-zofiirira zamkati, odorless.

Tinakambirana za ubwino ndi zowopsya za beet, komanso malo omwe amagwiritsira ntchito komanso ulimi wamakono.

Mitundu yabwino ya tebulo

Bordeaux-237

Mitengo yamitundu yosiyanasiyana (masiku 60-110), imasiyanitsidwa ndi kukana kwa chilala, kusungirako kwa nthawi yaitali, kulekerera matenda, ali ndi mizu yofiira ya mdima wolemera mpaka theka la kilogalamu ndi kukoma kwabwino komanso shuga wokwanira kwambiri mpaka 12%.

Tikupereka kuti tiwone mavidiyo a Bordeaux-237 osiyanasiyana:

Detroit

Chikhalidwe cha pakati-nyengo (pafupifupi masiku 110), osati mantha a mvula yamazira ndi matenda, okonda chinyezi pa kukula, zipatso zazing'ono, mpaka magalamu 210, ndi burgundy zamkati, kukoma kwake, shuga wokwanira 14%.

Timapereka kuwonera kanema za zosiyanasiyana za Detroit:

Zosakanizika A 463

Zili ndi zokoma kwambiri, kukana cercopiasis, kukwanitsa kusungidwa kwa nthawi yaitali, yoyenera kuphika mitundu yonse.

Tikukupatsani inu kuti mudziŵe kuwonanso kwa kalasi Yosagwirizanitsidwa A 436:

Silinda

Kutalika kwa masiku khumi (110-130), chikhalidwe chogonjetsa, kugonjetsedwa ndi matenda ndi nyengo yoipa, kunama, ndi mdima wofiira wamadzi wobiriwira mbewu zolemera 250-500 magalamu ndi zokoma zokoma, odorless.

Timapereka kuwonera kanema zothandiza za beet zosiyanasiyana za Silinda:

Rocket F1

Pakatikati pa nyengo nyengo zosiyanasiyana (masiku 110-120), otchuka ndi zokolola zambiri, bwino kusunga khalidwe, matenda kukana, cylindrical mdima wofiira mizu masamba ndi wofiirira zamkati kulemera mpaka 400 magalamu ndi zabwino kukoma.

Mona

Kuyambira pakati pa masiku oyambirira (masiku 75-100) mitundu yosiyanasiyana yokolola yokha, zipatso zamakono mpaka 300 gramu ndi mnofu wofiira, zabwino kwambiri, sizimasowa kupatulira, zimakhala ndi ubwino wosunga, zimapereka mbewu.

Mitundu yabwino kwambiri ya shuga zosiyanasiyana

Ramona mbewu yosabereka 47

Mbewu yochepa yokolola, ili ndi zokolola zokwana 44 t / ha ndipo shuga ndi 18.6%, kulekerera mavuto ndi matenda.

PMC 70

Kulimbana ndi chilala ndi matenda, haibridi yomwe imadziwika ndi zokolola zokwana 46 t / ha ndipo shuga ndi 18.6%.

Mbeu imodzi yokha 52 ya Lgovskaya

Kukula kosiyana-siyana ndi zokolola kufika pa 48.6 t / ha, shuga wokwanira 16.7%, opangidwa ndi teknoloji yamphamvu, osagonjetsedwa ndi matenda.

Kodi n'zotheka kuwonjezera kukoma kwa muzu?

Mukhoza kuonjezera kukoma kwa beets, ngati mukumusamalira bwino:

1. Gwiritsani ntchito mbewu zabwino kwambiri zogulidwa.
2. Konzani dothi lotayirira ndi pH ya 6.5-7.5, yokhala ndi phulusa ndi humus.
3. Sungani bwinobwino, mutsegule, mutenge.
4. Dyetsani zomera ndi phulusa ndi yankho la mullein, koma osati manyowa.
5. Kamodzi pa nyengo yake, dulani nthaka ndi yankho la boric acid pamtunda wa 10 g pa ndowa ya madzi, kumayambiriro ndi kumapeto kwa June - kulowetsedwa kwa nettle.
6. Onetsetsani kakang'ono 5-6 masentimentimenti muzu masamba.

ZOFUNIKA KWAMBIRI! Kukoma kwa beets kungalimbikitsidwe pogwiritsira ntchito mchere wamchere (iodized). Sungunulani supuni imodzi pa 10 malita a madzi ndikutsanulira bedi katatu ndi njirayi. Pamene masamba asanu ndi awiri akukula, chipatso chidzakula kuchokera pansi ndi masentimita 4, kenako mu masiku awiri.

Mitundu ya beet yambiri, komanso shuga beet, ali ndi zakudya zambiri zomwe zimakhudza chakudya chofunika tsiku ndi tsiku komanso m'makampani. Choncho, mitundu yosankhidwayo imasinthidwa ndi nyengo ya nyengo ya ku Russian, yomwe imakula bwino, imabereka zipatso, ndipo imamva kukoma kwakukulu, ndi yofunika kwambiri popeza zokolola zabwino kwambiri za beet.