Zonse zokhudza kubzala mbewu za basil mu mbande

Basil ndi zitsamba zokometsera zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi fungo lake losavuta komanso lopindulitsa. Amaluwa ambiri anayamba kukula zonunkhira kumbuyo kwao, kugwiritsa ntchito njira zamakono ziwiri: kugwiritsa ntchito nyemba zachonde pamtunda ndi njira ya mmera.

Ponena zakumapetoko ndipo tidzakambirana m'nkhaniyi. Komanso panthawi yabwino kwambiri kubzala mbande, kodi sipinachi ndizoyenera kuti zikhale zofunikira zedi, ndizofunika kuti mbewu zizigwiritsidwa ntchito bwanji, ndizomwe zingagwiritsidwe ntchito, njira yobzala komanso kusamalira mbewu patsogolo pake.

Kodi nthawi yabwino yobzala ndi liti?

Nthawi yabwino kwambiri ya mbande yopatsidwa ayenera kukhala 45 - 60 masiku. Ndi nthawi iti yabwino kubzala mbewu za mbande? Kuti mudziwe tsiku lofesa mbewu, m'pofunika kuwerengera chiwerengero cha masiku omwe akuyembekezeka kuti mubzalidwe poyera, kuonjezera masiku ena 10 oyenera kuti pakhale mphukira.

Tsiku loti limabzala mbande pamalo otseguka limadalira dera: kumwera kwa dziko la Basil kungabzalidwe kumayambiriro a April, ndi kumpoto mu June. Chilichonse chimadalira nyengo: nyengo iyenera kukwiya mpaka +15, ndipo kuopsya kwa chisanu sikuyenera kukhalapo. Chifukwa chake, anthu akumadera akumidzi angayambe kufesa basil mu February, komanso nyengo za chilimwe zakumtunda wa kumpoto - kumapeto kwa March - kumayambiriro kwa April.

Ndi mitundu yanji yoyenera kukula?

• "Zolemba". Mitundu yoyamba kucha. Masamba obiriwira a mitundu yosiyanasiyana amadziwika ndi kukoma ndi fungo, mosakayikira kukumbukira za cloves.
• "Sinamoni". Masamba ofiira amakhala ndi sinamoni, omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga saladi.
• "Violet". Zosiyanasiyana zoyambirira zoyambirira. Masamba ake aakulu, ofiira-wofiirira amakhala ndi fungo lopitirirabe.
• "Ararat". Mitengo yamtundu wa pakatikati ndi nyengo ya masamba a buluu-violet, utoto wa tsabola ndi aniseed.

Kodi mungakonzekere bwanji mbewu?

Mbewu ya masiku 1 mpaka 2 iyenera kusungidwa m'madzi ofunda, kusintha madzi maola 10 mpaka 12. Madzi, mukhoza kuwonjezera, malingana ndi malangizo, kukula kokondweretsa, mwachitsanzo, "Appin" kapena "Zircon". Musanafese matenda ophera tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, ndibwino kuti muwabatizire kwa maola 1-2 muzowonjezera potassium permanganate.

Kusankhidwa kwa thanki ndi nthaka yofesa

Poto

Ganizirani kumene kuli bwino kubzala mbewu za basil. Alimi ena kuti amere mbande amagwiritsa ntchito njira zachilendo zofesa mbewu zapatso: wina amafesa mu "nkhono", wina wa gauze. Koma munthu wosadziwa zambiri m'munda wazamunda amatha kugwiritsa ntchito njira yowonjezera mbande - kubzala mbewu m'nthaka.

Monga chidebe, mungagwiritse ntchito zipangizo zomwe zilipo.:

• zakudya za pulasitiki, trays pulasitiki;
• Amisiri amatha kuyika bokosi ndi manja awo kuchokera pa mbale, plywood;
• Mbewu yamakaseti, peat kapena makapu makatoni akhoza kugula chifukwa chaichi.

Chophimba chosankhidwa chiyenera kugwirizana mosavuta pawindo lazenera, kotero kuti izi ziyenera kuganiziridwa posankha chophimba. Choyenera, chidebecho sichiyenera kupitirira masentimita 7 mpaka 8, kapena kukula kwake kwa nthaka, kudzaza mu chidebe, chiyenera kukhala choyenderana ndi zizindikiro izi.

Dziko lapansi

Basil ndi bwino kudzala mu nthaka yosasunthika, yokoma, ndi mpweya wabwino komanso madzi. Chizindikiro chabwino cha nthaka acidity ndi pH 5.5 - 6.5.

Pogwiritsa ntchito, gawo lapansi liyenera kukhala ndi zigawo zitatu zofunika: maziko, kuphika, feteleza. Mbali yofunikira yomwe imayikidwa mu chidebe kuwonjezera pa nthaka iyenera kukhala dothi losanjikiza la dothi lokulitsa, miyala, miyala, wosweka, zidutswa za thovu.

Nazi njira zingapo za nthaka, zomwe zimapangidwira udzu wa zokometsera:

• Munda wa munda, humus (kompositi), kaconutusite mu chiŵerengero cha 1: 1: 2.
• Magawo 4 a peat, magawo awiri a humus, 1 gawo la mchenga wa mtsinje.
• Kompositi, peat, mchenga wa mtsinje mu chiŵerengero cha 2: 4: 1.

Tikufika

Tiyeni tifufuze sitepe ndi sitepe njira yoyenera kubzala mbewu zapatso..

1. Konzani zonse zomwe mukusowa: mbewu, chidebe, gawo lapansi, ngalande, spatula, spray ndi madzi otentha, mowa, yankho la potaziyamu permanganate, pensulo, filimu (galasi).
2. Thirani gawo lokonzekera pachitayi chophika ndi makulidwe osaposa masentimita asanu ndi zisanu ndi zisanu ndi zitatu mu uvuni mutengeke mpaka 75 ° C - 95 ° C kwa mphindi 30 - 40.
3. Tengerani chidebecho ndi mowa, yambani kukhetsa muzitsulo kofiira potaziyamu permanganate.
4. Pansi pa chidebe chodzaza madzi (2 masentimita), ndiye - nthaka yomwe iyenera kuyimitsidwa ndi bwino.
5. Manyowa amadzimadzi akhoza kugwiritsidwa ntchito: theka la supuni ya supuni ya superphosphate, potassium sulphate, potassium chloride ndi urea zimathetsedwa mu 5 malita a madzi osungunuka.
6. Pothandizidwa ndi pensulo pogwiritsa ntchito njira yosanjikizira pamwamba pa nthaka, grooves amapangidwa ndi kuya kwa masentimita 0,5 mmomwe mbewu zimayikidwa. Mungathe kuziyika pambali pa gawo lapansi.
7. Mbewu ziyenera kumangidwa ndi nthaka (5 - 10 mm).
8. Chomera pamwambacho chikuphwanyidwa ndi dzanja, muyenera kuonetsetsa kuti mbeu si pamwamba.
9. Chidebecho chikulimbidwa ndi filimu (yokutidwa ndi galasi) ndipo imaikidwa mumthunzi ndi malo otentha (+ 25С - + 28С).

Tikukupatsani inu kuti muwone vidiyo yokhudza kubzala mbewu za basil kwa mbande:

Mtunda wa pakati pa mbande ndi kuchepa?

Pali njira ziwiri, momwe mungasunge mtunda woyenera pakati pa mphukira za basil. Izi ndi zofunika kuti zomera zachinyamata zizikhala ndi malo okula komanso malo okwanira kuti azidya zakudya.

1. Pofesa, nyembazo zikhoza kufotokozedwa mozungulira pamtunda wa masentimita 5 mpaka 8 wina ndi mnzake ndi masentimita 10 pakati pa mizere. Njirayi idzatenga nthawi yochuluka ndipo idzakhala yovuta kwa wolima munda, chifukwa mbewuyo ndi yaing'ono kwambiri.
2. Mbewu imafesedwa mwachisokonezo, kenako imalowa mu miphika yosiyana. Mukhoza kuchita izi: kuchepetsa mbande mu thanki, kusankha mwapamwamba kwambiri, kusunga mtunda wa masentimita 8 mpaka 10.

Mwachidule ponena za kusamalidwa kwina

Musanayambe mphukira zoyambirira, chidebecho chiyenera kuyimitsidwa ndi filimu kapena yokutidwa ndi galasi, yomwe imayenera kutsegulidwa nthawi ndi nthawi kuti ipulumuke ndi kuthira nthaka.

Pambuyo pa mbande yoyamba ikuoneka pansi (pambuyo pa sabata ndi hafu), filimuyo (galasi) imachotsedwa, kutentha mumalowa kumadutsa ku 16C - + 20C, ndipo chidebecho chimayikidwa bwino ndipo chimatetezedwa ku malo osungiramo zinthu kapena chimaperekedwa ndi kuunikira fitolampa.

Mbande amafunikira nthawi zonse kutsirira (kamodzi pa masiku awiri, pamasiku otentha - tsiku lililonse) ndikudyetsa: mutatha mbande, nthaka imakhetsedwa ndi yankho la phulusa (10 g wa phulusa pa 1 l madzi). Ndiye - masabata awiri ndi atatu: 4 magalamu a superphosphate ndi phulusa la nkhuni, 2 magalamu a ammonium nitrate amasungunuka mu 5 malita a madzi osungunuka.

Pakubwera masamba awiri enieni, mbande zimakhala m'magawo osiyana. Mu chidebe chofunikira ndizofunika kusakaniza nthaka bwino, kuchotsa mosamala zomera ndikuziyika miphika yapadera kapena pabedi mu wowonjezera kutentha.

Chenjerani! Chipinda mutatha kuthawa musamamwe madzi masiku asanu.

Pamene mbande idzakhala ndi masamba okwana 5, pamwambayo iyenera kupanikizidwa kuti ikalimbikitse nthambi yogwirira ntchito yamtsogolo. Ndipo kwa masiku 10 - 15 musanadzalemo mutseguka pansi, muli ndi mbande ziyenera kutengedwa kuti zikhale zolimba.

Tikukupatsani inu kuti muwone kanema yokhudza kusamalira mbande za basil:

Podziwa zigawo zikuluzikulu ndi zovuta zonse za kukula kwa mbande za mbeu, wolima munda sangakhale wovuta kuti apindule gawo lake ndi tebulo ndi zonunkhira zabwino komanso zokoma zomwe zimakula yekha.