Astra ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana yamithunzi ndi maonekedwe a maluwa. Ndi kosavuta kunena kuti asters amapezeka bwanji: lalanje ndi lobiriwira. Palinso madengu awiri, omwe sali ofala kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi. Izi zimapangitsa chidwi cha wamaluwa ndi kukondweretsa malingaliro a okonza mapulaneti. Koma aster, ngati chomera china chirichonse, amafuna njira yapadera yolima.
Kufesa asters kutseguka
Chofala kwambiri ndi kulima asters ku mbewu. Angagulidwe pa masitolo apadera kapena ntchito zanu. Koma kuti maluwa akwaniritse zoyembekeza zanu, nkofunika kudziŵa kuti, ndi liti komanso kubzala.
Nthawi yabwino yofesa
Kuitana nthawi yabwino yofesa asters sikophweka nthawi zonse, chifukwa zimadalira zomera zosiyanasiyana. Choncho, okhulupirira oyambirira amaikidwa m'manda kale kusiyana ndi nthawi zonse, ndipo ena amafesedwa kwenikweni m'chipale chofewa.
Ndikofunikira! Musanadzalemo, ndibwino kuti muzitha kuimitsa mbewu kwa maola asanu ndi awiri mu njira yothetsera molybdenum kapena zinayi chloride (pafupifupi 0,5 g pa lita imodzi ya madzi). Izi zidzakuthandizani kulima chomera cholimba ndi masamba obiriwira.
Asters oyambirira amafesedwa mu theka lachiwiri la March. Pofika mwezi wa July, masiku 90 mutabzala, mudzalandira maluwa oyambirira. Mitengo yoyambirira yamaluwa imamera pambuyo pa masiku 110.
Nthawi yofesa mitundu yochedwa ya asters imakhala kumapeto kwa mwezi wa April - kumayambiriro kwa mwezi wa May, pamene kutentha kwa mpweya sikugwera m'munsimu 10 ºC. Amatha kuyembekezera maluwa mu masiku 120 - 130, kutanthauza kumapeto kwa August kapena kumayambiriro kwa mwezi wa September, ndipo mitundu ina ikhoza kusamba mpaka chisanu. Mulimonsemo Zomera zowonekera poyera kuchokera ku mbewu zimakula patapita kuposa zomwe zimakula kuchokera ku mbande zomwe zimakula mu wowonjezera kutentha.
Mukudziwa? Banja la Astrov, kapena Compositae, liri ndi mitundu 200-500. Zitsamba zapachaka kapena zosatha, madengu a maluwa omwe amasonkhanitsidwa ngati mawonekedwe a panicles kapena zikopa. Zimakula paliponse ku Central ndi North America. Ndipo duwa limenelo, lomwe nthawi zambiri limatchedwa aster, kwenikweni limakhala la Callistephus ndipo limatchedwa Chinese Callistephus. Zili ndi zobiriwira kapena zofiira zofiira zokha, masamba ena, inflorescences mu mawonekedwe a baskiti.
Funso lina ndilo momwe akumera nyenyezi zochuluka kuchokera ku mbewu zomwe zabzala kumapeto kwa autumn. Mbewu zofesedwa mumera zimapangidwa ndi nthaka pang'ono pambuyo pa chisanu choyamba. Ndi bwino kutseka zitsamba ndi humus kapena peat. Mitundu ina ikhoza kuponyedwa mwachangu mu chisanu, kutseka grooves ndi peat. Chitani izi mu December ndi January. Njira yobzalayi ndi njira yabwino kwambiri yothetsera fusarium. Pamene chipale chofewa chimasungunuka m'chaka, malo omwe mphukira zimakonzedweratu ndibwino kuti aziphimba ndi zojambulazo, ndikupanga wowonjezera kutentha. Kumbukirani kuti ndi zofunika kubzala mbewu zomwe zimatengedwa kuchokera kukolola kwa chaka chatha. Ana a zaka ziwiri alibe zochepa kumera, ndipo mbewu za msinkhu waukulu sizimera.
Momwe mungasankhire malo kuti mutenge asters
Kwa kulima asters sikubweretse mavuto ambiri, ndikofunikira kuti musankhe chisankhulidwe choyenera cha mabedi. Asters amakula bwino mumthunzi, koma adakondabe dzuwa malo ambiri. Komabe, m'pofunika kukumbukira zenizeni za nyengo, chifukwa ndi kutentha kwakukulu amaoneka kuti ataya kukongoletsa kwawo. Onetsetsani kuti malowa ali ndi mpweya wokwanira komanso osati wothira. Ndibwino kuti tifotokoze momwe madzi oyandikana ndi nthaka akuyandikana ndi flowerbed.
Samalani zomwe zinakula pa flowerbed kuti asters. Mwachitsanzo, ngati titafika kale, gladioli, levkoy, carnations, tomato, mbatata, ndi asters zikukula pamalo ano, ndi bwino kuti musabzale, popeza pali chiopsezo chachikulu cha fusarium yawo. M'madera oterowo kudzala maluwa amenewa n'zotheka kokha pambuyo pa zaka zisanu ndi chimodzi. Amayang'ana pa duwa bedi pambuyo calendula, marigolds, osatha zitsamba kumva bwino.
Momwe mungakonzekeretse nthaka yobzala
Chomera, chosalowerera ndale kapena nthaka yochepa ndi yabwino. Konzani pasadakhale. Ngati kubzala kumakonzedwa kumapeto kwa nyengo, ndiye kuti kugwa kwa malowa kumayenera kukumbidwa ndi kompositi kapena humus pa mlingo wa 2-4 makilogalamu pamtunda umodzi ndi kuwonjezera mchenga. Wotsirizirayo adzapereka madzi abwino ndi kupuma.
Kumapeto kwa nyengo, ngati nthaka yayamba, m'pofunika kuti wina ayambe kukumba ndi superphosphate (20-40 g pa mita imodzi), ammonium sulphate ndi potaziyamu mchere (15-20 g aliyense). Musanabzala, bedi la maluwa liyenera kukhala udzu, lomasulidwa ndi masentimita 4-6. Kuti mukhale ndi maluwa okongola komanso okhwima pa maluwa, nthaka ya asters iyenera kusungunuka bwino musanadzalemo.
Ndikofunikira! Masiku ano palibe gulu limodzi lovomerezeka lovomerezeka la asters. Palibe chilichonse chophatikizidwacho. Koma ngati mutagawanitsa kwambiri, asters osatha amagawidwa m'magulu awiri malinga ndi nthawi ya maluwa. Gulu la maluwa oyambirira limaphatikizapo asters Chiitaliya (Aster amellus), Bessarabian (Aster bessarabicus), ndi Alpine (Aster alpinus). Zambiri ndi gulu la zomera za autumn: New England, Belgium, shrub ndi ena.
Momwe mungabzalidwe moyenera
Grooves for kufesa zomera ayenera kukhala osaya, mpaka masentimita 4. Musanaponyedwe mbewu, ayenera kuthiriridwa bwino. Pambuyo pofesa, grooves ili ndi dothi lopangidwa ndi zipangizo zapadera. Mukhozanso kugwiritsira ntchito mulching, koma nyengo yokha. Pamene mphukira ikuwoneka, malo obisala akhoza kuchotsedwa, ndipo masamba awiri kapena atatu awonekera, akuwonda. Pangakhale mtunda wa masentimita 10 mpaka 15 pakati pa mphukira. Mbande zomwe zimayenera kuchotsedwa zikhoza kuikidwa pamalo ena.
Malamulo oyambirira a chisamaliro cha asters
Lamulo lalikulu mu funso la momwe angasamalirire asters ndi nthawi yolima udzu ndi namsongole ndi kumasula bwino mpaka masentimita 4-6 mutatha mvula. Pofuna kupititsa patsogolo kukula kwa mizu, tikulimbikitsidwa kuti tipange chitsamba kwa 6-8 masentimita.
Momwe mungamwetse asters
Pakuthirira, tiyenera kukumbukira kuti asters sakonda chinyezi chokwanira komanso chinyezi. Ndimbewu yosagonjetsa chilala, ngakhale kuti imayenera kuthirira kwambiri nyengo yotentha. Pafupipafupi, pa mita iliyonse yapamwamba mumakhala ndi zidebe zitatu za madzi ndi chikhalidwe chakuti dziko lapansi lidzamasulidwa. Izi ndi zofunika makamaka pakuoneka kwa masamba. Kuthirira kwambiri nthawiyi kumalonjeza maluwa ndi masamba aakulu panthawi ya maluwa. Ngati kulimbitsa ndi kuthirira, maluwa sadzataya phokoso, koma ndi mtundu. 
Pamene, bwanji ndi momwe angadyetse asters
Pa nthawi yonse ya moyo wa asters, ayenera kudyetsedwa katatu. Kuvala koyamba kumalimbikitsidwa kuti muchite masabata awiri mutatuluka. Izi zimagwiritsidwa ntchito, monga 50 g wa superphosphate, 10 g wa potassium sulfate, 20 g wa ammonium nitrate pa mita imodzi. Pamene masambawo akuwonekera, gwiritsani ntchito feteleza omwe alibe azitrogeni. Pakati pa maluwa a asters, 50 g ya superphosphate ndi potaziyamu sulfate amagwiritsidwa ntchito pa mita imodzi. Ndibwino kuti mugwiritse ntchito feteleza zokha pa nthaka yosauka.
Gwiritsani ntchito kutsitsa kwa asters
Kuchotsa masambawa, nsonga pamapeto a mphukira zimapangitsa kukula kosavuta kwa mphukira zowonongeka ndi nthambi yaikulu ya tsinde. Izi zimachitika ndi mpeni kapena misomali chabe. Kawirikawiri, izi zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pamene zomera zimakula. Ngakhale si mitundu yonse ya chomera chitani ichi. Zimalimbikitsidwa ndi Astra shrub yomwe ndizotheka kupanga mipanda yozungulira ndi maluwa.
Mukudziwa? M'chilatini, mawu akuti "aster" amatembenuzidwa ngati "nyenyezi." Nthano yafilosofi yogwirizana ndi dzina la duwa ndi momwe amonke awiri anaganiza kuti ayandikire nyenyezi, kukwera pamwamba pa phiri lalitali kwambiri. Patapita masiku ambiri ndi usiku, atakwera pamwamba, adapeza kuti nyenyezi zili kutali ndi iwo. Pansipa, anadikiridwa motalika komanso kovuta popanda chakudya ndi madzi. Atafika pamtunda wa phirili, atatopa, anapeza dambo lokongola lomwe lili ndi maluwa odabwitsa. "Ndizodabwitsa! Tinali kufunafuna nyenyezi zakumwamba, ndipo zimakhala pansi pa mapazi athu!" Anatero amonkewo ndipo anatenga nawo tchire tating'ono. Kubwerera ku nyumba ya amonke, anayamba kukula ndi kuwagawa padziko lonse lapansi.
Kuphwanyika kumalimbikitsanso maluwa omwe amamera mthunzi wa padera ndi kutambasulira dzuwa. Mitengo yotereyi ndi yofunika kwambiri kumangiriza pa zikopazo kapena kubzala patsogolo pa mpanda. Kumbukirani kuti maluwa osweka ayenera kudulidwa.
N'chifukwa chiyani kudulira maluwa
Kudulira tchire kumaphatikizapo kuchotsa kwathunthu kumtunda kwa mbeu. Ngati izi sizinayende, pakapita nthawi chitsamba chimawonongeka, masamba ndi maluwa sizowonjezereka, maluwawo satha kuwala. Kubwezeretsa kwa chitsamba kumachitika kwa nyengo zitatu. Poyamba kudula gawo lachitatu la nthambi, kusankha wamkulu kwambiri. Nyengo yotsatira - gawo limodzi la magawo atatu lakale limatuluka, ndipo potsiriza achotsa otsalawo. Onetsetsani kuti atsopanowo sakhala osasanthuledwa. Ndikofunika kuchepetsa kudula ndi mafuta a m'munda kuti musapweteke chomera. Kuti ukhale wolimba mokwanira, onjezerani kudyetsa. Pang'ono ndi pang'ono kubwezeretsa shrub, simukudodometsa chomera ndikupeza zotsatira.
Kusonkhanitsa mbewu zako
Mungathe kubzala mbewu zonse pamodzi ndi zanu, ndikuzisonkhanitsa kumapeto kwa nyengo pamene akukula. Ndikofunika kuzisonkhanitsa pamene maluwa amafota, ndipo mbali zake zapakati zimakhala zakuda, zitadzala ndi zoyera. 
Inflorescence yotereyo iyenera kuchotsedwa mosamala ndi yokutidwa mu pepala, pomwe idzauma. Musaiwale kusayina sachet, kusonyeza mtundu wa aster ndi tsiku la kusonkhanitsa, monga kubzala ndikofunika kugwiritsa ntchito mbewu zosakwera zaka ziwiri. Monga mukuonera, kukhala ndi asters woyenera kumakhala kosavuta. Kuwasamalira ndi kophweka. Mitundu yosiyanasiyana imalonjeza mabedi okongola ndi obiriwira m'munda wanu kuyambira pakati pa chilimwe mpaka chisanu choyamba.
