Kalumba kunyumba: kufotokozera, mitundu, malamulo osamalira

Mpweya wabwinobwino wa banja losadziwikiratu. Mayina a Analog amapezeka - Callas, Aronnik, Zeedesia. Omasuliridwa kuchokera ku Chigriki amatanthauza "wokongola."

Kalika ndi kwawo ku Africa, motero amatchedwanso Ethiopia. Kufalikira Mdziko la South America. Kuthengo, imamera pamadothi osambira, okufika mpaka mita 2.5. Wokhala m'nyumba kwa nthawi yayitali, calla wamkati amakhala ndi zinthu zake zomwe zikukula.

Kufotokozera chipinda calla

Masamba ndi akulu, okongola, kuyambira pakuwala mpaka pamtambo wobiriwira, amapezeka pazitali zazitali, mawonekedwe ofanana ndi mtima kapena tsamba la kakombo. Kutalika mpaka 25 cm, kutalika mpaka 40 cm.

Maluwa, kumasula chingwe chachitali cha muvi. Maluwa ndi ang'ono, amisonkhanitsidwa mu inflorescence - khutu lomwe limakhala ngati silinda, wokutidwa ndi chinsalu chotchinga, ndiko kuti, kokhadzula kamawoneka ngati kathandala. Tsamba ili nthawi zambiri limalakwika chifukwa cha duwa la calla. Zimakhala nthawi yayitali kwambiri - mpaka milungu 4.

Mitundu yachikhalidwe imakhala ndi tsamba loyera. M'maluwa amakono, mitundu yambiri yokhala ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana imaswanidwa. Chithunzi cha maluwa a calla chimatsimikizira kusiyanasiyana kwawo komanso kukongola kwa mitunduyo.

Ma callas oyera amayimba ndi ma rhizomes amphamvu, pomwe achikuda amakhala ndi mabulusi apakatikati. Kutengera izi, chisamaliro cha mbewu chimasiyanasiyana.

Mitundu ya callas yamkati

Phale losiyanasiyana la maluwa a calla. Kuyambira oyera-oyera ndi achikasu mandimu, mpaka pinki ndi papo.

Komabe, ma botanists okha ndi mitundu eyiti yokha, ndipo atatu okha ndi omwe amapezeka mu maluwa amkati:

• Zakale - Calla waku Ethiopia, woyera. Mtengowo ndi waukulu kwambiri, matupi ake ndi mitengo yake imakula mpaka mita imodzi. Masamba amakhala ndi utoto wowala ndipo samafa ngakhale pakukhala matalala. M'malo mwa bulb, rhizome yamphamvu.
• Calla remana ndi chomera chopanda masentimita 70. Titha kusiyanitsidwa ndi mawonekedwe ofiira, ofiira komanso ofiirira a mabedi.
• Callu elliott amadziwika ndi kukula kwamasamba ambiri, omwe amaumbidwa ndi utoto. Mtundu wa ma bedi umasiyanasiyana panja ndi kumbuyo. Pamwambapa, maluwa nthawi zambiri amakhala achikasu owoneka bwino, pansi - wobiriwira.

Kukula ndi kusamalira calla kunyumba

Kusamalira calla kunyumba kumangowoneka kovuta. M'malo mwake, ndizokwanira kupanga malo pafupi kwambiri ndi zachilengedwe, ndikutsatira boma.

Chomera chikuwopa kukonzekera, chimakonda kuwola. Masamba opukutira ndi inflorescence ayenera kuchotsedwa pa nthawi, kudula ndi mpeni kuti apange kuwonongeka pang'ono kwa zimayambira.

Mukasiya khutu lomwe linazimiririka, mbewu - zipatso zimayamba kupanga. Koma izi sizikulimbikitsidwa, monga kukhwima kwa mbewu kumatenga mphamvu zambiri. Ndipo kubereka kwawo ndi njira yovuta kwambiri komanso yayitali.

Madzi a chomeracho ndi oopsa, kotero kuti ndikasendeza, chotsani ma peduncle ndi masamba owondera amafunika magolovu. Onani mosamala ngati m'nyumba muli ana.

Komanso werengani nkhani yokhudza kusamalira calla poyera.

Kuwala

Kalumba kunyumba ikufunika kwambiri m'nyumba zopepuka. Masana ziyenera kumwazika, ndipo madzulo - mwachindunji. Kuti phulike, maola masana maola 12 kapena kuposerapo akufunika.

Nthawi yopuma, maola 10 opepuka patsiku ndi okwanira, koma osachepera 8.

Kuthirira

Maluwa a calla amafunika kuthirira pafupipafupi komanso chinyezi chambiri, chomwe chimatha kuchitika ngati mbewuyo imapopera mbewu nthawi zonse. Ndikofunika kuonetsetsa kuti chinyezi sichikhala pachikuto. Itha kupindika komanso kutaya mawonekedwe ake okongola.

Mutha kuwonjezera chinyezi pakuyika poto pa pallet ndi chonyowa sphagnum moss kapena dongo lowonjezera. Pa chifukwa chomwechi, masamba amapukutidwa nthawi ndi kansalu kofewa kapena chinkhupule.

Osalola dothi kuwuma mumphika. Pa maluwa, kuthirira kumathandizidwa, ndipo panthawi yokhala matalala, amachepetsedwa pang'ono.

Ndikofunikira kuganizira kusiyana komwe kusamalidwa kwa mitundu ya rhizome ndi bulbous. Ma callas oyera ndi ma rhizomes amafunikira kuthirira kosalekeza. Ngakhale atagona, samataya masamba. Ma callas opaka safunikira pa boma lamadzi.

Chomera ndi barometer yachilengedwe. Zimavomera kwambiri pakusintha kwa chinyezi cha mlengalenga, ndipo madontho a mame amapezeka pamalangizo a masamba mvula isanayambe.

Kutentha kwa mpweya

Calla ndi thermophilic. Kutentha kwakukulu chifukwa chake ndi + 20 ... +25 ° C. M'nyengo yotentha, duwa limatha kupita naye kukhonde, koma muyenera kukumbukira kuti mpweya wozizira womwe uli pansi pa +8 ° C ungathe kuwononga.

Ngati duwa lataya masamba ake onse, sizitanthauza kuti wamwalira. Kungoti nthawi yopuma yafika, mphika uyenera kupita kumalo abwino oti madziwo azithiriridwa, madziwo ayenera kuyimitsidwa kufikira kutalika kwa nthawi ya masana kukulira ndikuwonekera mphukira zoyambirira.

Thirani ndi kusankha dothi

Kalam, monga anyezi ambiri, amafunikira chidebe chachikulu. Sadzaphuka mumphika wopanikizika.

Padera mitundu kuti muthe kutulutsa, muyenera kubzala mumphika umodzi uliwonse. Sankhani chidebe chopangidwa ndi zida zam'madzi kuti mizu ipume. Pafupifupi mphika wa masentimita asanu ndi limodzi ndi theka masentimita 20, mulingo woyenera kwambiri ndi malita atatu.

Pansi pa thanki muyenera kuthira dothi lalikulu lokwanira, lalitali masentimita 5, kuti madzi asasweke.

Kuika kuyenera kuchitika mu Epulo pamene mababu akukula. Pakatha nthawi zokwanira pachaka, ikanipo malo okumbikawo.

Ndikwabwino kutenga dothi losakanizika ndikulima ma callas kunyumba: humus, mchenga, peat ndi dothi lamtunda m'malo ofanana. Chisamaliro chiyenera kuonedwa kuti dothi siliphatikiza, zomwe zingasokoneze kufalikira kwa chinyezi.

Kuswana

Babu ikafika zaka zamasamba, imaphuka. Zitha kupatukana mosamala ndi chomera chachikulu ndikuziika mu chidebe china, kusamala kuti zisawononge mizu yolimba.

Ndikofunika kuti musazamitse ma tubers akuluakulu opitilira 5 cm kuti asawole.

Ngati sizotheka kudzipatula, zikutanthauza kuti sanakulirepobe;

Mavalidwe apamwamba

Kudyetsa calla kunyumba kumafunika chisamaliro chokwanira. Ndikokwanira kuthira manyowa kwa mwezi umodzi nthawi yomweyo musanaphukire komanso nthawi ya maluwa.

Munthawi yopumira, zakudya zina zimatha kupanga mbewu kuti “ipse”, ndiye kuti, itulutsa masamba ambiri, koma osaphuka.

Ndikofunika kugwiritsa ntchito mavalidwe ovuta amadzimadzi ndikuwonjezera pamadzi mukathirira kamodzi pa sabata. Panthawi yopanga muvi, maluwa okula ayenera kukhala ndi nayitrogeni. Masamba akaoneka, amasintha feteleza wa potash-phosphorous.

Mavuto a chipinda calla ndi yankho lawo

Maluwa a calla mu maluwa okongola ndi zizindikiro za wowerengeka

Otsala adabzala mitundu yambiri ya maluwa a calla mumitundu yosiyanasiyana, yomwe imapereka mwayi wopanda malire wogwiritsidwa ntchito mu mono-bouquets komanso mu nyimbo zophatikizika kale.

Maluwa okongola okhathamira, ngati dongo kapena lovekedwa kuchokera ku minyanga ya njovu, amayimilira kwa nthawi yayitali. Chifukwa chake, amagwiritsidwa ntchito pokonzekera maluwa okongola kwambiri komanso okongola.

Zolemba za calla sizisinthidwe pakapangidwe kazokambirana ndi zokambirana zofunikira. Amakhulupirira kuti amabweretsa chipambano pomaliza pamachitidwe azachuma.

Zizindikiro zingapo komanso zamatsenga zimagwirizanitsidwa ndi mbewu iyi. Ma callas amaonedwa ngati mitundu ya imfa. Pali zifukwa zingapo zokhazikitsira kutanthauzira kotere m'malingaliro athu. Palibe mwanjira iliyonse zomwe sizingatsimikizidwe, kapena kutsimikizidwanso.

• Mawonekedwe Chophimba choyeracho chimafanana ndi chinsalu, ndipo maluwa omwe ali pachimake amafanana ndi kandulo yamaliro.
• Zikhalidwe zaku Europe. Kuyambira Middle Ages, baka la calla adabzala m'manda pafupi ndi manda a akufa.
• Nthawi ya maluwa. Duwa, monga lamulo, limaluwa usiku pamene mphamvu zina zododometsa zimayambitsidwa. Zosiyanasiyana zomwe zimamera kutchire, kwinaku zikupereka fungo lokoma lamaluwa.
• Chizindikiro cha dziko. Calla amatuluka kwa munthu wakufa mnyumbayo.
• Chomera chakupha. Madzi ake adagwiritsidwa ntchito pokonzekera mitundu yambiri yamankhwala, monga mankhwala ochizira matenda owopsa a njoka.

Palibe umboni wotsimikiza kuti duwa ili ndi mutu waumulungu. Amatchulidwa m'Malemba a Mulungu - Bayibulo. Duwa la calla lidaphuka patsinde pamtanda pomwe adapachikidwa Yesu Khristu.

Ndi kuyera bwino kwake, kukongola kwake komanso kulongosoka kwa mizere, kumaimira kuyera ndi ungwiro wa Namwali Mariya. Pazithunzi, zitha kuwoneka m'manja mwa angelo omwe amabweretsa uthenga wabwino.

M'madera ena a dziko, duwa la calla limayimira kupanda pake, chifukwa ndipamene amapangira ukwati. Poterepa, amagwira ntchito ngati chithumwa, amateteza mwini wake ku zinthu zoipa komanso nsanje.