Ndi liti komanso kubzala mbewu za swede? Malangizo othandiza pa ulimi

Ku Russia, chinthu chofunika kwambiri ndi mpiru, koma zakudya ndi vitamini C zokhudzana ndi swede zimaposa. Tsoka ilo, alimi ndi wamaluwa samadziwa izi, ndipo musakule turnips, koma pachabe! Rutabaga ndi masamba omwe amakonda kwambiri ku Ulaya.

Kulemekeza iye ngakhale kukonzekera maholide ku Switzerland. Mbewuyi, malinga ndi akatswiri ena, imachokera ku kabichi ndi kuyendayenda.

Nkhaniyi idzafotokozerani momwe mungayamire nyemba zamasamba ndi nthawi yomwe muzitha kubzala.

Zizindikiro za kukula

Swede ikuwoneka ngati iyi: pamwamba pa masamba obiriwira, pamwamba pa nthaka pali mbali yaying'ono yobiriwira ya muzu, muzu womwewo ndi wofiira-wofiira, ndipo mkati mwake uli ndi thupi la chikasu.

• Suwede amakula kwa nthawi yaitali, choncho ndibwino kuti mubzala mofulumira.
• Izi masamba samawopa ozizira ozizira, i.e. amatanthauza mitundu yosasinthasintha ya mitundu.
• Rutabaga ndi masamba a zaka ziwiri. M'chaka choyamba, mizu ndi masamba amakula ndipo pakadali pano ndizoyenera kudya. M'chaka chachiwiri, swede amamasula ndipo amapanga mbewu.
• Samalani mukamabzala muyenera dothi. Dothi lokonzedwanso silingagwirizane ndi swede. Iyenera kukhala yotayirira komanso yochepa. Ngati nthaka yayuma kwambiri, masamba sangakhale oyenera kudya, koma kuchuluka kwa chinyezi kumabweretsa kuwonongeka.
• Ngati nyemba zilizonse, mbatata, tomato, nkhaka kapena zukini zinakulira pamalo ano swede, ndiye malowa ndi oyenera. Ngati ali pabedi amakula achibale ake apamtima: kabichi kapena mpiru, ndiye kuti sichivomerezeka kugwiritsa ntchito malo awa kwa mpiru.

Mbewu

Popeza swede sizitchuka ku Russia, mitundu yosankha ndi yaing'ono. Mitundu yowonjezeka - "Krasnoselskaya." Zonsezi, mitundu yaku Russia ya chipinda chodyera swede 6.

Posankha mbewu za m'munda, ganizirani mawu akuti kucha. Mwachitsanzo, pakati-mitundu yoyambirira "Novgorod", "Krasnoselskaya" ndi "Chikondi cha Ana", nthawi yakucha ndi masiku 117-120. Vereyskaya ndi Hera rutabaga zimakula masiku 90. Zakale kwambiri "Loto Loto". Zimatengera masiku makumi asanu ndi awiri kudzaza mapangidwe a mizu.

Mitundu ina imasiyanasiyana ndi mizu. Krasnoselskaya swede imakula kukula kwa 600 gm. Mitundu yonseyo imapereka zochepa kulemera kwa 350-400 magalamu.

Mbewu ndi yotsika mtengo kwambiri mtengo.. Ku Moscow, mtengo wamtengo wapatali umachokera ku ruble 14 kapena 20.

Nthawi

Nkhalango ya Swede ndi mbewu zosagonjetsedwa, zomwe zimaphatikizapo mbali ya kubzala koyambirira. Kuti mbeu imere, kutentha kwa nthaka kumafuna madigiri 2 okha (koma kutentha kwakukulu kumachokera ku +12 mpaka +17), pamene kungalekerere madigiri mpaka -2 madigiri.

Malinga ndi kutentha uku, dera lokongola lakurabagas ndi midland ndi kumpoto chakumadzulo. M'malo awa, turnips zakula kuyambira kumapeto kwa mwezi wa April.

Ngati pali chilakolako chokula mbeuyi kumadera akum'mwera, ndibwino kutenga mitundu yomwe imakulira mofulumira (masiku 70-90). Ngati mwamsanga kwambiri kuti mubzale mbewu, ndiye kuti mbeuyo imachotsedwa musanayambe kutentha.

Kumpoto kwa dziko lathu (kuphatikizapo ku Siberia ndi m'mitsinje), mumkhalidwe wovuta wa chilengedwe cha okhala m'nyengo ya chilimwe, tsiku lililonse ndilofunikira. Pofuna kupeza mbewu, mbewu za swede za mbande zimabzalidwa kumayambiriro kwa mwezi wa April (mwinamwake mizu siidzakhala ndi nthawi yokhwima), ndipo idzalima pakhomo pafupi ndi June.

Chenjerani! Pakuika pansi mbewu yomwe ili kale masamba 3-4.

Njira zolowera

Pali njira ziwiri: zopanda mbeu (zomveka kuti zitseguke pansi) ndi kuziika.

Poyera

Monga tafotokozera pamwambapa mumabzala mbewu mwachindunji. Kwa ichi muyenera:

1. Konzani pansi. Kuonjezera ngati kuli kofunika powonjezera peat kapena mchenga. Dulani nthaka, chotsani namsongole ndi mizu. Manyowa musanadzalemo akhoza kokha humus kapena kompositi.
2. Konzani mbewu. Asanafese, akhoza kuphikidwa kwa mphindi 30 powaika m'madzi ndi kutentha pafupifupi madigiri 50 °.
3. Pangani grooves pamunda (kukuya koyambira sikuposa 2-3 cm).
4. Bzalani mbewu (pa 1 mamita pafupifupi 20 zidutswa). Fukani mbewu ndi dziko lapansi ndikuphimba bedi (ndi filimu kapena spunbond).

Pa tsiku lachisanu, mphukira zimawoneka, zomwe zingapangidwe koyamba pamene masamba 3-4 akuwoneka kale. Kutalika pakati pa kupatulira pakati pa zomera ndi masentimita 5-6. Nthawi yachiwiri kupatulira kumachitika pamene pali kale mapepala 5-7 pa zomera, pamene achoka mtunda pakati pa 15-20 cm.

Mbande

Pamene mukukula mbande za swede, ndondomekoyi imagwira ntchito zotsatirazi:

1. Sankhani malo amabokosi omwe ali ndi mbande (ozizira, kotero kuti velanda kapena khonde ndi yoyenera, chifukwa pamalo okoma abwino, mbande zamphamvu zimatha kukula) Kuya kwakukulu kwa mabokosi ndi 10-15 cm).
2. Timakonza mbewu ndi nthaka (komanso njira yopanda mbeu).
3. Bzalani mbeu mabokosi (3-4 masentimita pakati pa mbeu) ndikuzaza ndi nthaka (kuya kwa mbeu ndi 1-2 masentimita).
4. Imwani nthaka ndikuphimba ndi filimu kapena galasi (musatsegule mpaka kumera).
5. Pamene mphukira imawonekera, filimuyo imachotsedwa, ndipo pamene zomera zazing'ono zimakhala ndi masamba 3 mpaka 5 enieni, zimabzalidwa miphika yosiyana siyana musanadzalemo poyera.
6. Patapita masiku 30-40 mutatuluka mphukira, chomera mbande pamalo otseguka (kupanga mabedi pamabedi, mtunda pakati pa mabowo 15-20 masentimita, mtunda pakati pa mizere pafupifupi masentimita 60).

Chisamaliro ndi zovuta

Mitengo ikadali pa bedi, siteji yovuta kwambiri yatha. Zimakhulupirira kuti rutabaga mosamalitsa chisamaliro chapadera. Anthu a m'nyengo ya chilimwe amafunika kuyang'anira chinyezi cha nthaka (musamaume kapena kusefukira), kumasula (kuti mpweya uzilowe ku mizu), udzu ndi kudyetsa mbewu. Koma panonso, wina amakumana ndi mavuto ake ndi zovuta zake:

• Swede sakonda waterlogging. Kuthirira kumachitika katatu pa nthawi ya kukula. Chenjezo liyenera kulipidwa pofuna kuteteza chinyezi m'nthaka. Pachifukwa ichi, nthaka pakati pa mizere imaphimbidwa: ndi kompositi, udzu, udzu kapena udzu, zowonongeka.
• Manyowa nthawi zambiri sikofunikira, kokha 2-3 nthawi pa nyengo. Simungathe kumera manyowa, chifukwa zamkati zidzakhala zopanda pake (zowuma ndi zowonongeka). Ngati mukufuna swede okoma, manyowa ndi fetereza ndi phosphorous, idzawonjezera shuga muzu. Popanda boron feteleza, masamba adzakhala bland.
• Tizilombo timayambitsa vuto. Imeneyi ndi ntchentche yoopsa komanso ntchentche ya kabichi. Phulusa pakati pa mizere ndi naphthalene ikhoza kuthana ndi tizirombozi.

Ndikofunikira! Maluwa okongola ndi zitsamba zimathandiza kulimbana ndi tizilombo: timbewu tonunkhira, marigold, thyme, calendula, sage. Mundawu udzatetezedwa ndipo panthawi imodzimodzi wokongola kwambiri. Swede ingagwiritsidwe ntchito pophika. Amaphatikizidwa mwatsopano ku saladi. Mbewu ikhoza kukhala yophika, mwachangu, wiritsani.

Swede ndi yabwino kwa thanzi. Ichi ndi njira yabwino yowotcha, komanso machiritso ovulaza ndi odana ndi kutupa. Mwinamwake ndi koyenera kuwonetsa kachigawo kakang'ono ka munda wa ndiwo zamasamba chifukwa cha masamba odabwitsa awa?