Wotchuka pa kukula kwa fennel. Malangizo odzala mbewu za mbewu ndi mbande

Chomera chachilendo, fennel kapena katsabola ka pharmacy akuwonjezeranso chidwi cha wamaluwa, ndi zonunkhira zonunkhira ndi piquancy mokondwera amagwiritsa ntchito amayi ogwira ntchito ku khitchini.

M'nkhaniyi tidzanena kuti ndi chiyani, ndizanji zomwe zimapangidwa ndi agrotechnical chomera, momwe zingakulire bwino kumunda ndi kunyumba.

Tiyeni tiwone mwatsatanetsatane mfundo zazikuluzikulu za chisamaliro cha chomera, komanso tiuzeni za zokolola ndi yosungirako bwino.

Mkhalidwe wa masamba a chikhalidwe

Fennel ndi wamba ku Ulaya, Canada ndi United States, Central Asia. Ku Russia, fileri katsabola amapezeka pakatikati ndi kumpoto chakumadzulo. Dziko lakwawo limatengedwa kuti ndi Mediterranean. Momwe timayendera kuti tipezeke m'munda kapena m'dziko sizingatheke koma ndizofunikira!

Fennel ndi nyumba yosungiramo mavitamini ndi mchere, kotero kuti mubzala pamalo otseguka, mukhoza kuiwala matenda osiyanasiyana.

Ndikofunikira! Ngakhale kufanana kwa dzina ndi maonekedwe, luso la kukula kwa fennel ndi katsabola ndi losiyana.

Malo ndi malo okulima

Kukula fennel, mumasowa malo okwanira pa webusaitiyi, Kuyambira pakati pa zomera zokhazo ziyenera kukhala mtunda wa masentimita 20-25. Kuwonjezera apo, mzere wa fennel uyenera kukhala momwe mungathere kuchokera ku zikhalidwe zina, zomwe zidzakambidwe pansipa.

• Dziko limasowa mtundu wathanzi, loamy kapena mchenga.
• Mlingo wa acidity pH nthawi yomweyo ukhale wabwino, pafupifupi 0,7.
• Dziko lapansi liyenera kumasulidwa nthawi zonse kuti lipeze oxygen yokwanira.

Kubzala ndi kusamalira kuthengo ku kanyumba

Fennel akhoza kukhala wamkulu bwino kuthengo. Mukhoza kufesa mbewu yomweyo ndi mbewu, mukhoza kuyamba kukula mbande kunyumba kapena kutentha. Ndikofunika kusankha malo otentha chifukwa chodzala, fennel imafuna kuwala kwa dzuwa kuti chikhale chokwanira.

Komanso, chikhalidwechi chidzafuna malo okwanira pa malowa, popeza fennel imasankha pafupifupi zakudya zonse za m'nthaka ndi zomera zina sizidzakhala ndi chakudya ngati malowa ndi ochepa ndipo zikhalidwe zonse zimabzalidwa pafupi.

Pali mfundo zazikuluzikulu zowonjezera fennel panja, zomwe ziyenera kutsatiridwa, komanso maonekedwe, omwe angakhale othandiza kudziwa. Mwachitsanzo:

1. Musayambe kubzala fennel pafupi ndi tomato, tsabola, nyemba, sipinachi ndi chitowe, chifukwa zimatenga zakudya zonse m'nthaka ndi chinyezi ndi mizu yake yamphamvu. Fennel okhala pafupi sadzakhala ndi kanthu kalikonse kamene angatenge kuchokera kunthaka.
2. Koma podzala izo pafupi ndi nkhaka ndi kabichi, mukhoza kuiwala zadza - sizimalola fungo la fennel. Chinthu chachikulu sikutsegula madzi, mofanana, amasankha chinyezi.
3. Chomera ichi chikuchulukira mofulumira kwambiri pakudzifesa.
4. Ndikofunika kuti fennel kuchoke ku cilantro ndi katsabola, monga pollination mtanda ukhoza kuchitika.
5. Maluwa otchedwa fennel amakoka tizilombo toyambitsa matenda ndi pfungo lake. Kwa woyang'anira munda - uwu ndi mphatso.

Kodi mungakulire bwanji kunyumba?

Fennel yam'madzi imakula mpaka zaka zinayi. Pamene mukufika mu nyumbayo nkofunikira kusankha malo otseguka, okongola bwino ndi kuwala kwa dzuwa. Malo oti chodzala ayenera kukhala ofooka ndi amchere kwambiri.

Malo oyenera loamy kapena mchenga. Nthaka iyenera kukhala ndi madzi abwino. Mlingo wa acidity padziko lapansi ukhale wabwino (0.7). Mukhoza kutenga digiri yoyamba mu sitolo ndikuwonjezera dothi ndi chitsulo.

Kodi ndi liti komanso liti?

Mbewu

Choyamba, muyenera kukonzekera njerezi: kuzizira kuzizira ndikuzikonza ndi zokopa. Pa malo abwino nthawi yofesa ndikumapeto kwa masika, kumayambiriro kwa June. Malingana ndi nyengo yomwe imakhalapo ngakhale kumapeto kwa June.

Nthaka iyenera kutentha.

1. Bzalani mzere wozungulira masentimita 60, musadye zoposa 2 cm pansi.
2. Pambuyo pa kupatulira koyamba, zomera zikhale 25 cm padera. Kunyumba, nthawi yabwino yobzala kwa fennel ndi masabata anayi pambuyo pake kumapeto kwa nyengo ya chisanu.
3. Pofuna kubzala ndi bwino kutsuka miphika yaing'ono ndi kuyala mbewu 3 kapena 4.
4. Pambuyo pake, muyenera kuchoka kwambiri.

Mafunde otentha ayenera kukhala 15-18 madigiri.

Mmera

Mbande zikhoza kukula pamudzi kuchokera ku mbewu, ndi ku wowonjezera kutentha. Tekeni yamakono ndi yomweyo.

1. Choyamba, nyembazo zimafesedwa mumphika kapena mmiphika.
2. Kenaka mu mphika wa mmera, kukolola kwakukulu kumachitika ndi sitepe pafupifupi masentimita 20. Ndipo mu miphika mbewu yamphamvu imasankhidwa.
3. Kutsegula m'munda osasunthika kumachitika masiku 40-50 mutabzala.

Kukolola

Mukamayang'ana bwino, mphukira zoyamba zimaonekera patatha masiku pafupifupi 20. Ng'oma imatha kusonkhanitsa pafupi miyezi itatu mutabzala. Akakhala kukula kwa mpira wa tenisi, amatha kudula mwadzidzidzi ndi mpeni.

Mtundu wa mitu yakukhwima uyenera kukhala wodzaza woyera. Kusonkhanitsa kabbages, amafunika kuchoka pansi. Nsonga zapamwamba zidadulidwa ndi mpeni, pamwamba pa mutu wa 12-15 masentimita. Komabe, masamba amatha kudula komanso opanda kutsuka mitu. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito mu saladi ndikudula nthawi yonse ya kukula.

Mbewu imakololedwa pamene ikukula, pamene maluwa akutembenukira bulauni.

Ndikofunikira! Sungani mbeu zosonkhanitsidwa za fennel zikhale zouma, ziyike mu chidebe chotsitsimutsa ndi kutumizidwa pamalo ozizira.

Malamulo akuluakulu a kusamalira mbewu

Kutentha

Ngakhale fennel amakhala mmadera otentha, ndi chisanu chopinga. Malo abwino otentha adzakhala 20-30 madigiri. Koma mphukira zoyamba zimawonetsedwa kale kutentha kwa madigiri 6.

Chikhalidwe cha kutentha:

• Osachepera: madigiri 6;
• Kuchuluka kwake: madigiri 30;
• Zokwanira: madigiri 15-25.

Kuwala

Kwa fennel mumasowa malo otseguka ndi dzuwa lenileni.

Kuthirira fennel kuyenera kuchitidwa osachepera masiku asanu ndi awiri.

Pa mamita 1 lalikulu ayenera kukhala 10-14 malita a madzi.

Kudyetsa

• Kudyetsa koyamba kumachitika pambuyo popatulira. Kukonzekera chisakanizo cha mullein: organic ndi madzi mu chiŵerengero cha 1:10. Mutha kugwiritsa ntchito feteleza feteleza:
  1. ammonium nitrate;
  2. mphothosphate;
  3. potaziyamu mchere ndi madzi molingana ndi ma gramu 10 kuphatikizapo 25 magalamu, kuphatikizapo magalamu 10, kuphatikizapo 10 malita.
• Yachiwiri kudya pambuyo pa masiku 20 limodzi mwa njira zomwe tatchulazi.
• Kuvala kachitatu kumapangidwa ndi superphosphates pa mlingo wa magalamu awiri pa 10 malita a madzi.

Kutsegula

Izi ziyenera kuchitika nthawi zonse pakati pa mizera yozembetsa nthaka ndi mpweya ndi kuteteza mapangidwe a nthaka pa nthaka.

Hilling

Masabata awiri mpaka atatu. Njirayi ikukuthandizani kupanga mutu.

Matenda ndi tizirombo

Fennel amadyera amatchuka ndi tizirombo zambiri, monga:

• thrips;
• malupanga;
• aphid;
• zosokoneza;
• mbozi;
• mole

Mizu imakopeka ndi Khrushchev.

Amayesedwa kuti azibzala ndi matenda, monga chalcosporosis ndi fomoz. Cercosporosis imafalikira mu mbewu, ndipo fomoz imachokera ku nthaka yowonongeka.

Simungathe kukonza fennel ndi mankhwala alionse oopsa.

• Nsabwe za m'masamba, thrips ndi tizilombo tina Maluwa a lacquerous amawononga sopo wobiriwira. Ndi mankhwala osayenerera. Ndikofunika kukonzekera yankho la 200-400 magalamu a sopo pa 10 malita a madzi ndikupanga zomera.
• Khrushchev ndizotheka kupambana mwina poyamba kukumba nthaka ndi chiwonongeko chopangidwa ndi manja. Mwinanso mwa kukumba kuzungulira mabedi azitsulo zing'onozing'ono ndi mwachangu kuchotsa mphutsi nthawi ndi nthawi.
• Cercosporosis amachiritsidwa ndi pre-disinfection ya mbewu.
• Fomoz Zingadzitetezedwe ndi nthaka yowonongeka ndi njira yodzaza ndi potaziyamu permanganate.

Ndikofunikira! Chotsani zomera zakale kapena zosafunika m'thupi, komanso pitirizani kutalika pakati pa zomera zatsopano ndi zatsopano pofuna kupewa chitukuko cha matenda.

M'nkhaniyi tinayesetsa kufotokoza momwe masambawa amakulira, kukamba za mfundo zofunika kwambiri ndi zosangalatsa zokhudza kulima ndi kusamalira fennel. Zowonjezereka, zikhoza kupezeka kumalo osungirako ziweto ndi zida za anthu a ku Russia, ambiri amayenera kulawa zonunkhira zake, ndipo kwa ena ndikofunikira ngati mankhwala a chomera.