Mmene mungamerekere kabichi ndi Beed: Njira, kubzala, kusamalira, matenda ndi tizirombo

Kabichi (China) kabichi inayamba kukula mu China, koma tsopano ikufala kwambiri m'mayiko ena chifukwa cha mavitamini ambiri ndi zakudya.

Izi ndi zomwe amakonda makasitomala, kuphatikizapo wamaluwa, kuyesera kulikula iwo onse kunyumba ndi m'mabedi a munda. Ndipo nkhaniyi ikufotokoza za mbewu za Chinese kabichi. Zili choncho: ndi mitundu yanji; komwe kuli bwino kugula zokolola; pamene kuli bwino kubzala; zofunikira zofunika. Komanso tidzakambirana za mavuto omwe angakhalepo pakulima masamba awa.

Kulongosola masamba

Masamba a kabichi a Beijing amakhala ndi mawonekedwe oblongera ndipo amakhala osasunthika. Mtundu wawo umatha kuchoka ku chikasu kupita kubiriwira. Pamunsi mwa masamba muli ndi mitsempha yoyera, kupita kumapeto kwa pepala. Mudulidwe, mutu wa kabichi ndi wobiriwira.

Njira zoberekera

Kabichi ya Beijing ikhoza kukula kuchokera ku:

• mbande;
• mbewu.

Njira iliyonse ili ndi ubwino wake, koma lero tikulankhula momveka bwino za kubzala mbewu.

Mzere

1. Orange Mandarin - kumayambiriro, kupanikizika kovuta, koyenera.
2. Makangaza - nyengo yapakatikati zosiyanasiyana (yokolola yoyamba ikololedwa masiku 70-80), kulima ku Siberia. Kulimbana ndi matenda ambiri.
3. Yankhulani - wodzichepetsa, amasonyeza kusamvana kutentha kwambiri. Oyenerera kukula mu greenhouses, komanso ku Siberia.
4. Galasi - Mitengo yochedwa (nyengo yokula imatenga masiku 70), yofuna kusamalira, yabwino kwambiri ku mbali ya kumwera ya Russia.
5. Vorozheya - Kutseka koyambirira, kukwera kwamitundu yosiyanasiyana, kugonjetsedwa ndi kutchinga. Koma mungagwiritse ntchito mwatsopano.
6. Kukula kwa F1 ku Russia - zosiyanasiyana zimasinthidwa ndi nyengo ya pakati. Zimasiyanitsa kukula kwakukulu.

Mungagule kuti?

Kawirikawiri mbewu zimapezeka:

• m'masitolo a pa intaneti;
• m'masitolo;
• masitolo.

Palemba. Mtengo umayambira kuzungulira 10 madiresi ndipo umatha kufika pa 100, malingana ndi zosiyanasiyana.

Ubwino ndi zovuta

Zotsatira:

• Mbeu zambiri zogulidwa sizikufuna kukonzekera (kuwerenga pa phukusi);
• Kuvuta kumakula kummwera chifukwa cha zizindikiro zowona

Wotsatsa:

• Ngati nyembazo zimasonkhanitsidwa kuchokera ku kabichi yokha, ndiye kuti muyenera kuzichotsa ndi kuchokapo kuposa 1.5 mm;
• Nkhumba zoweta zimafuna kukonzekera ndi kuvala

Njira zowonjezera bwino: magawo ndi magawo malangizo

Nthawi yochita izi?

Nthaŵi yobzala mbewu pansi imadalira zosiyanasiyana kabichi:

• mitundu ya masamba - kuyambira kumapeto kwa April mpaka pakati pa June;
• kutulutsa mitundu - kuchokera pakati pa mwezi wa July mpaka pakati pa mwezi wa August.

Ngati mukufuna kukwera kudzera mbande, ayenera kufesedwa kumapeto kwa March mu miphika yosiyana.

Zolemba zogwiritsidwa ntchito

Mukhoza kugwiritsa ntchito zipangizo zamaluwa:

• fosholo yaying'ono ya miphika;
• fosholo yokumba nthaka panthawi yowonjezerapo zakudya;
• teyala yomwe ili ndi mapiritsi a peat;
• kuthirira kungathe

Komanso, mukafuna kubzala mbande, ndibwino kugwiritsa ntchito mapiritsi a peat. Puloteni ndi peyala yopangidwa kuchokera ku peat yowuma ndi kuwonjezera kwa chigawo cha antibacterial, kukula kwa stimulator ndi feteleza mchere.

Kukonzekera mapiritsi odzala mbewu, muyenera:

1. Mapiritsi ayenera kuikidwa mu poto, kutsanulira madzi pansi kuti amve mapiritsi popanda kuwapukuta, dikirani kanthawi madzi akumwa ndi kutsanulira mu zina.
2. Mapiritsi ayenera kuwonjezera kukula.

Ndikofunikira! Ngati mukufuna kugwiritsira ntchito nthaka yanu, gwiritsani ntchito miphika, osati zida zambiri.

Kutulukira

Kuti zimere ku Beijing kabichi, mbewuyi imayikidwa pa chinyezi chakuda, kuchotsedwa pamalo otentha ndikudikirira mphukira kuti ziphuke, zomwe ziyenera kuchitika masiku 3-6. Ngati sakula, ndiye kuti mukufunika kutenga mbewu zina.

Gawo lokonzekera

Ngati munagula mbewu, safuna kuwukha. Ngati mukugwiritsa ntchito mbewu zapakhomo, ndibwino kuti muwone kuyera kwawo:

1. Kuti muchite izi, mbewuzi zimanyowa mu saline maola 17-19.
2. Mbeu zoyenera zimayandama, zopanda kanthu pitani pansi.

Mbeu zosankhidwa zimatsukidwa m'madzi oyera, kuika mu nsalu yonyowa kuti uvutsidwe kwa masiku 2-4.

Komanso, mbewu zapakhomo zimafuna kuvala:

1. Pachifukwachi, mbewu zimayambira mu 1% ya potassium permanganate kwa mphindi 20-30.
2. Pambuyo polowera mu njira yothetsera vutoli ndikulimbikitsidwa kutuluka mu kukula kowonjezera, mwachitsanzo, "Appin" kapena "Zircon".

Ngati simungagwiritse ntchito miphika yanu, koma osati mapiritsi a peti okula mbande, ndiye kuti zosakanizazi zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pokonzekera nthaka:

1. kusakaniza mbali ziwiri za kokonati substrate ndi 1 mbali ya humus;
2. Sakanizani nkhuni ndi mchenga mofanana mbali ndi kuwonjezera phulusa (supuni 1 pa lita imodzi yosakaniza);
3. Mukhoza kupanga feteleza zamchere: sakanizani supuni 1 ya superphosphate, supuni 1. potaziyamu nitrate, 1 tbsp. l ammonium nitrate.

Ngati simukufuna kugwiritsa ntchito mbande, ndikubzala mbewu nthawi yomweyo, ndiye kuti muyenera kukonzekera nthaka. Ngati dothi likufuna liming, m'pofunika kuwonjezera ufa wa laimu kapena dolomite pa kugwa. M'chaka amabweretsa kompositi kapena humus pa mita imodzi.

Kutenga mbande

1. Beijing kabichi si bwino kubzala mbande, choncho ndi bwino kubzala mbewu miphika yosiyana ndi dothi lotayirira, zidutswa 2-3.
2. Mbewu imalowa mu nthaka ndi 1-2 masentimita.
3. Pambuyo pake, miphika iyenera kuyikidwa pamalo ofunda ndi amdima asanayambe kumera.
4. Pambuyo pa maonekedwe awo, miphika imayikidwa pamalo ozizira, omwe kutentha sikudutsa madigiri 7-9, amamwetsa ngati n'kofunikira.
5. Pambuyo pa maonekedwe a masamba mumphika uliwonse, chotsani chimodzi mwa mphukira zamphamvu kwambiri, ndipo ofookawo asungunuke kuti asamavulaze mizu.
6. Mbande zibzalidwa m'malo osatha mu masabata 3-4.

Kuchokera pa vidiyoyi mudzaphunzira kufesa Peking kabichi:

Kuthirira ndi kudyetsa

1. Beijing kabichi amakonda chinyezi, kotero amafunika nthawi zonse kuthirira.
2. Ndikoyenera kudyetsa, koma ntchito yoyamba ya fetereza imatha masabata awiri mutatha kuika mbande pamalo osatha. Mukhoza kugwiritsa ntchito kulowetsedwa kwa mullein (pa 1 lita imodzi yokhala ndi madzi okwanira 10 malita).
   Samalani! Pansi pa aliyense chomera anathira 1 lita imodzi yankho.

   Kuchuluka kwa chakudya ndi feteleza ichi kumadalira nthawi yobzala: yankho lodzala masika limathiridwa katatu, m'dzinja - kawiri, kamodzi kamodzi pa miyezi 1.5-2.

3. Pofesa mbewu m'njira yopanda madzi, nthaka imadzazidwa ndi filimu mpaka mphukira yoyamba ionekere.

Momwe mungabzalidwe mu mabedi?

1. Ngati mumagwiritsa ntchito njira yopanda mbeu, ndiye kuti mbeu iyenera kubzalidwa pamalo osasunthika, omwe ndi ofunda kwambiri. Sitikulimbikitsidwa kubzala mbewu za kabichi za Beijing m'malo omwe tomato, beets, ndi cruciferous adayesedwa kale chifukwa cha matenda wamba.
2. Zitsimezi ziyenera kuikidwa pamtunda wa masentimita 10 mpaka 15 mutakula pa saladi, ndipo zikayenera kubzalidwa pa cabbages, mtunda wawonjezeka kufika 30-40 centimita. Pambuyo pofika, nthaka imakhala ndi filimu mpaka mphukira yoyamba ionekere.
3. Ngati mukugwiritsa ntchito njira ya rassadny, ndiye kuti patsikulo liyenera kuchitika pamene ma tsamba 4-5 akuwonekera.
4. Mbande ya kabichi ya Beijing imasunthidwa pansi pamodzi ndi nthaka kuchokera poto kapena peat piritsi, yomwe chipolopolo chake chidzasungunuka pakapita nthawi kuti asawononge mizu.
5. Musanadzale mbande muyenera kuumitsa. Choncho, masiku 10 musanadzalemo, kabichi iyenera kuyamba kupanga pamsewu, pang'onopang'ono ikuwonjezera nthawi.

   Palemba. Mbande ingabzalidwe yotseguka pansi pokhapokha kabichi ikakhala pa msewu.

6. Mtunda wa pakati pa mabowo umawonanso chimodzimodzi: saladi - 10-15 masentimita, pamitu - 30-40 centimita.

Penyani kanema momwe mungabzalitsire Peking kabichi m'munda:

Mavuto angakhalepo

Tizilombo

Mwa tizirombo mungathe kupeza slugs ndi cruciferous utitiri.

1. Slugs akhoza kutayidwa m'njira zingapo:
   • gwetsani zopinga;
   • Bait mwa mtundu wa mowa, zipatso, mkaka;
   • njira zenizeni.
2. Pofuna kuthana ndi utitiri wa cruciferous mungagwiritse ntchito:
   • madzi okwanira ambiri;
   • chisakanizo cha phulusa ndi fumbi la fodya mu chiŵerengero cha 1: 1;
   • chisakanizo cha phulusa ndi laimu la hydrated mu chiŵerengero cha 1: 1;
   • chisakanizo cha phulusa ndi fumbi lamsewu mu chiŵerengero cha 1: 1.

Matenda

Matenda ofala kwambiri aliwonse, blackleg, imvi nkhungu.

1. Quila - Matenda omwe mitsempha imapanga pa mizu ya kabichi. Chotsatira chake, chomeracho chimatha kukula. Mtengowo umapangidwa pamunsi pH, kotero musanabzala pamalo osatha muyenera kuugonjetsa ndi kompositi ndi mandimu.
2. Msolo wakuda Zimakhudza mbande za Peking kabichi. Pa nthawi imodzimodziyo, kumakhala kofiira komanso kochepa kwambiri, komwe kumapangitsa kuti madzi asapitirire kunthaka, ndipo pambuyo pake, kufa kwa kabichi. Pofuna kuteteza kufunika koti tizilombo toyambitsa matenda ndi nthaka, tizisamalira.
3. Grey nkhungu Kuwononga mitu ya kabichi mu nthawi ya kucha kapena yosungirako. Pofuna kupewa matendawa, m'pofunikira kufalitsa mbewu ndi fungicides ("Amistar").

Beijing kabichi ndi zomera zosamvetsetseka m'masamalidwe, kotero musanafike pakukula ndikofunikira kuti mudziwe bwinobwino ndi maonekedwe onse, ndipo panthawi yonseyi muzisamala. Koma ngakhale mavuto oterowo ndi ofunikira kukula kwa chomera chopatsa thanzi.