Kukula kabichi kumunda: kubzala ndi kusamalira zamasamba

Kabichi - chomera cha mtundu wa Cruciferous. Zingakhale zosiyana - zofiira ndi zoyera, Brussels, mtundu, Beijing ndi mitundu ina, ndikuzikulitsa m'dzikolo ndikofunika kudziwa momwe angachitire molondola.

M'nkhaniyi tidzakambirana momwe tingabzalitsire masamba ndi mbewu, komanso momwe tingamerekere mbeu iliyonse kumunda. Timapereka chisamaliro cha chisamaliro cha achinyamata oyera kabichi, komanso kusonyeza chithunzi. Komanso, mukhoza kudziwa mavidiyo othandiza komanso othandiza pa mutuwo.

Zida

Kukula kabichi kutchire kumafuna chidwi. Makamaka pamene mphukira zoyamba zikuwonekera. Panthawi imeneyi, chomeracho chikhoza kuwonedwa ndi tizirombo zomwe zingathe kuonongeka mu maola angapo. Pofuna kuteteza chomera, pali njira ziwiri:

1. Kufufuza tsiku ndi tsiku. Ngati mabowo amawonekera pa masamba, muyenera kuphimba deralo ndi phulusa.
2. Pre-close kabichi filimu. Pogwiritsa ntchito izi, mukhoza kupanga mankhwala.

Bungwe: Musaiwale za kuyendera kwa masamba. Ndikofunika kuyang'anira chinyezi cha dziko lapansi.

Kabichi - chomera chokonda, kotero malo sayenera kukhala mumthunzi. Sizowonjezereka kubzala pambuyo pa turnips, beets, tomato ndi radishes. Kabichi si nthaka yabwino. Pankhaniyi, muyenera kupanga nthaka. Ndikofunika kukonzekera nthaka yolima mu kugwa. Nthaka imamera ndi humus kapena manyowa ndipo imakumba. M'chaka, phulusa ndi phulusa la nkhuni zimawonjezeredwa kunthaka.

Kodi kukula mbande?

Momwe mungakulire, mwachitsanzo, nyemba kabichi, kuti mubzala mmunda ndipo zokololazo zinali zabwino? Kunyumba, kumera mbande, ndiyeno n'kuziika m'mabotchi. Mukakulira m'mitengo yotseguka, mumabzala nthaka yotseguka. Choyamba muyenera kukonzekera zojambula. Mudzakhala ndi zitsulo poyesa njere, paddle, gloves, komanso kuthirira.

Kukonzekera mbewu ndi kumera

Ngati nyembazo zimasonkhanitsidwa pokhapokha, zimakhala zosapitirira mphindi 20 m'madzi otentha, kutentha kumene kuli pafupifupi madigiri 50. Kenaka anayikidwa kwa mphindi pang'ono m'madzi ozizira ndi zouma. Kukonzekera sikuli kofunikira kwa mbewu zogulidwa, zimapangidwa ndi opanga..

Mbeu imamera pogwiritsa ntchito nthaka yosayirira ndi kusakaniza kwakukulu kwa peat. Amafuna moyenera kuthirira. Muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito kuunikira kwina. Chipinda chimene muli mbewu, chiyenera kuwonetsedwa.

Kabichi idzakula pang'onopang'ono m'masabata awiri oyambirira. Masamba oyambirira adzawonekera masabata asanu ndi limodzi.

Mukhoza kufesa mbeu mabokosi kapena miphika yapadera ya peat. Yambani kukula mbande m'masiku otsiriza a March. Kufesa kumachitika ndi mbewu zazikulu. Izi zidzawonjezera zokolola.

Tikupempha kuti tiwone vidiyo yokhudza kukula mbande za kabichi kuchokera ku mbewu:

Kubzala m'munda

Pamene chodzala mbande? Chomera mbande zimangowonjezereka, zomwe zimawoneka mdima wobiriwira. Ndondomeko yobzala sizimavuta - mabowo a mbande ayenera kukhala pamtunda wa masentimita 60. Amathiridwa ndi kuthiridwa ndi phulusa losanjikizidwa ndi dothi. Kenaka kambiranso madzi.

Kutsika kumachitika tsiku lamdima kapena madzulo. Mukamabzala, chomeracho chimakwiriridwa pansi mpaka tsamba loyamba loona. Mizu ndi kumera nthaka yabwino.

Mutabzala, mbande ziyenera kuzimitsidwa kwa masiku atatu.kotero kuti iye azikhala bwinoko.

Tikukupemphani kuti tiwone kanema ponena za kubzala mbande za kabichi potseguka pansi:

Kusamalira zamasamba aang'ono

1. Kuthirira. Kabichi wa madzi tsiku lililonse - m'mawa ndi madzulo ndi madzi, ndi kutentha kwa madigiri 18, kuteteza kuti asawume. Mphamvu imasintha malinga ndi nyengo.
2. Kupaka pamwamba. Patangotha ​​masabata awiri mutatha kuziika, amadyetsedwa ndi feteleza phosphate. Mukhoza kugwiritsa ntchito ndowe ndi manyowa. Patatha milungu iwiri, chakudya china chimapangidwa ndi zofanana. Manyowa ena amachitika ngati pakufunika.
3. Hilling. Pofuna kukwera pamwamba pamafunika khasu kapena khasu. Pa mtunda wa masentimita 20 mpaka 25 kuchokera mu mmera mu bwalo, amathira pansi ku phesi. Simungathe kugona. Ndi njira iyi, mukulimbana ndi kabichi ntchentche. Hilling kawirikawiri imachitidwa masiku makumi anayi kuchokera mutatha. Kuwonjezera pa dziko lapansi kumachitika milungu iwiri iliyonse, ndikumaliza pamene kabichi imafalikira masamba.

Mulching

Mulching - kuphimba dziko lapansi ndi zotetezera. Ubwino wa ndondomekoyi:

• kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa ulimi wothirira;
• ulamuliro wa udzu;
• nthaka imakhala yosasuntha;
• kuteteza nthaka kuchokera ku leaching pamwamba pa wosanjikiza pa mvula yambiri;
• Nthaka imapindula ndi zakudya.

Musanayambe kuyamwa, namsongole achotsedwa ndipo nthaka imasulidwa.. Musati muyike mulch pamtunda wozizira. Kutalika kwa wosanjikiza ndi 2 - 8 masentimita, malingana ndi mfundo. Ndi zotsika mtengo kugwiritsa ntchito zomera zosiyanasiyana ndi zatsalira zawo.

Kuphatikizira kumachitika pogwiritsa ntchito zomera zotsatirazi:

1. Yoyera Rye. Pamene kabichi ikukula, rye limadulidwa ndipo udzuwo umachoka panthaka pamwamba pake. Kutaya, udzu udzadyetsa kabichi ndi nitrogenous mankhwala.
2. Nettle, kudula udzu, udzu, udzu.
3. Chiwombankhanga. Nkhaniyi ili ndi zotsatira zoipa pa zomera zapakiteriya.
4. Peat ndi kompositi. Kompositi imakhalanso ngati feteleza.

Pali chinthu chofanana ndi mulching. Kuti muchite izi, gwiritsani ntchito filimu ya pulasitiki: yoonekera kapena yakuda. Kusankhidwa kwa zinthu kumadalira nyengo. Mafilimu akuda amagwiritsidwa ntchito kumayambiriro kwa kubzala, asiyidwa kwa masabata 3-4. Mafilimu osasankhidwa amasankhidwa m'chilimwe. Chifukwa chake, namsongole sangawoneke m'munda.

Kukolola ndi kusungirako

Ndikofunikira: Kukolola kumachitika ngati kabichi ikukula. Chinthu chachikulu ndikuteteza kusokoneza. Ngati mitundu yochedwa idafesedwa, imatha kusiya mpaka chisanu choyamba.

White kabichi amasonkhana mu youma nyengo yofunda. Ngati zokolola zimasonkhanitsidwa mvula, ziyenera kuuma ndi kutumizidwa kusungirako.

Kusonkhanitsa kabbaji kungasungidwe motere:

1. Kuyikira m'chipinda chapansi. Kusungirako kuli kisanadze utakhazikika mpaka madigiri 0-1 ndipo uyenera kuwunikira.
2. Kulera. Zomera zimasamutsidwa kumsana ndikuikidwa m'mabokosi kapena pansi, zophimbidwa ndi dziko lapansi, mchenga kapena peat. Sungani nthaka kwa miyezi iwiri. Kutentha kumakhala mkati mwa madigiri atatu. Njirayi idzapangitsa mitu kuti ikhale yolimba komanso yolemera.
3. Kusungira mumabowo kapena mabowo. Udzu ndi kabichi zimayikidwa pansi pa sitolo. Mbewu yokolola kuti ikhale yozizira. Njira yosungirako, imakulolani kusunga kabichi mwatsopano kwa miyezi itatu.

Tikukulimbikitsani kuwonerera kanema za kukolola ndi kusungira kabichi:

Matenda ndi tizirombo

Kabichi, monga mbewu zonse zazamasamba, mwatsoka, zimakhudzidwa ndi nthenda zambiri ndi tizirombo zomwe zimafuna njira zenizeni zothandizira.

Zowonongeka kwambiri ndi:

1. Cruciferous utitiri. Masamba a kabichi ndi odabwitsa. Zitha kuononganso mfundo yomwe ikukula, yomwe imatsogolera ku imfa ya chomeracho. Mphutsi imakhala ndi chikasu.

   Njira zovuta: kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa tizilombo. Ndi maonekedwe a tizilombo tomwe timayambitsa tizilombo timene timayambitsa matendawa timayambitsa fumbi ndi phulusa mu chiŵerengero cha 1 mpaka 1. Nthawi yamachiritso ndi masiku 4.

2. Kabichi Mole. Mbalame zamasamba zanga, ndikusiya masamba osapangidwe a tsamba la pamwamba pa tsambali ngati "zenera". Kawirikawiri amawononga malo okula komanso kupanga mutu, akuchikulunga ndi zibwebwe. Kuvulaza kwakukulu kumachitika mu nyengo yowuma.

   Njira zovuta: amachizidwa ndi mankhwala kapena zowonongeka.

3. Kabichi Whitefish. Nthawi yabwino kuti tizilombo tioneke ndi nyengo yotentha ndi youma. Kuwononga tsamba la tsamba ndi mkati mwa mitu. Mbozi ndizobiriwira ndi mzere wachikasu kumbuyo.

   Njira zovuta: mofanana ndi pamene kabichi njenjete.

4. Kabichi. Zimayambitsa mavuto aakulu kwa mbewu. Zimakhudza masamba ndi mitu, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zisinthe.
5. Kabichi Fly. Kuwononga mizu.

   Njira zovuta: mankhwala a magulu a m'mphepete mwa minda ndi fodya ndi phula kapena phulusa.

6. Tsinde Covert. Kuwononga mbande. Mavuto ndi masamba.

   Njira zovuta: mankhwala ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda.

7. Kabichi Aphid. Ndi maonekedwe a masamba omwe ali ndi nsabwe za m'masamba, zomwe zimayamwa madzi kuchokera ku zomera. Kutuluka sikunapangidwe.

   Njira zovuta: Kudula namsongole, mankhwala osokoneza bongo.

Kabichi ikhoza kukhudzidwa ndi mitundu yonse ya matenda omwe amabwera chifukwa cha fungal, mabakiteriya ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda.

• Matenda owopsa kwambiri ndi mwendo wakuda. Muzu wautsi umakhudzidwa. Mbewu imayima.
• Kela kabichi. Matenda a fungal chifukwa cha kukula kumene kumawoneka pa mizu. Mitu siimapangidwe.
• Downy mildew. Mawanga a maluwa amaoneka pamasamba okhudzidwa.
• Alternaria. Poyamba, mawanga akuda amaoneka pamasamba, kenako amadzala ndi maluwa.
• Bacteriosis kapena kuvunda wakuda owopsa kwambiri kabichi. Mawanga aang'ono amdima amaoneka pamasamba.

Tikukulimbikitsani kuwonera kanema za matenda a kabichi ndi njira zomwe mungachite nawo:

Kutsiliza

Kukula kabichi kungakhale mavuto ambiri. Komabe, izi siziyenera kuopseza. Ndi nzeru zina mukhoza kupeza zokolola zazikulu.