Nandolo zamasamba ndizamtundu wa mbewu zomwe sizimafuna kugwira ntchito yayikulu mukadzala munyumba yachilimwe. Kuti ikule pa nthawi yake ndikupereka zokolola zodzaza ndi zokometsera, zomwe zimakondedwa kwambiri ndi ana, ndikofunikira kuti musankhe mitundu yoyenera, komanso kubzala mbewu m'munda mwachangu momwe mungathere, ntchito ya m'munda wamasika ikangoyamba. Ichi ndi chikhalidwe chomwe chidzathokoza wokonda dimba ndi mavitamini othandiza mavitamini.
Kusankha malo, kukonza nthaka ndi mabedi oti mubzale
Nandolo zamasamba zimagawidwa mu shuga ndi peeling. Mitundu iyi imasiyana kaya imagwiritsa ntchito nyemba zonse kapena nandolo yakucha. M'dzikoli, mitundu ya shuga imabzalidwa nthawi zambiri, koma kuchokera pa luso laulimi, izi sizofunikira, ngakhale pang'ono, kubzala mitundu yonse ya nandolo kumachitika chimodzimodzi. Kukula izi zamasamba abwinobwino sivuto ngakhale kwa mlimi woyamba kumene.
Pea ndi chomera choletsa kuzizira, ndipo amayamba kubzala ngati nthaka itayamba pang'ono pang'ono kutchera nyengo yachisanu, ndiye kuti bedi lamundawo liyenera kukonzedwa mu kugwa: kasupe pakadali pano, kukumba malowo ndikadali kovuta kwambiri. Bedi likhoza kukhala laling'ono kwambiri, lingakhalepo angapo, m'malo osafunikira kwambiri, koma liyenera kukhala malo owala bwino: mu penumbra, nandolo zimakulanso, koma zokolola zimachepa pang'ono. Ndikwabwino kubzala masamba oyambilira a shuga m'misewu, pomwe ana angasangalale kuyinyamula osapondaponda mbande zanu.
Ndikofunika kupangira ana njira yabwino yofikira pabedi la peyala
Popeza nandolo zimabzalidwa kwambiri, posakhalitsa imamera mtundu wamtundu wa "nkhalango," zimayambira zimayikidwa ndi namsongole wamkulu, ndipo sizingatheke kuti udzu uzise. Chifukwa chake, malo omwe atayidwa kwambiri ayenera kuyambiratu namsongole, osatha. Nandolo zimakonda dothi, loyanika mosapanganika: Mchenga wothina ndi loamy. Nthaka iyenera kumalilidwa zochulukirapo, koma feteleza wambiri wa nayitrogeni sifunikira nandolo: imadzipatsa yokha chinthuchi, kuchichotsa kwina kulikonse ndikumawaganizira kuti ndi nitrogen kukusanya.
Manyowa amagwiritsidwa ntchito bwino (1 ndowa2) pansi pa kulozeratu, ndipo m'dzinja kukumba bedi pansi pa nandolo ndi kuwonjezera kwa 20-40 g wa superphosphate ndi 10-20 g wa feteleza aliyense wa potashi. Mutha kusintha osakaniza ndi lita imodzi ya phulusa. Mukabweretsa manyowa mwachindunji pakubzala nandolo, ndiye kuti tchire limakula kwambiri, nthambi, mochedwa kumanga mbewu, ndipo nthawi zina limadwala. Dothi lomwe limakhala bwino mu acidity pang'ono limakhala acidic kapena osalowerera, ngati achulukitsa acidity amadzikhazikitsa.
Pea otsogola mukabzala
Pea ndi chomera chosakongoletsa, ndipo mutha kuchibzala pafupifupi masamba aliwonse. Zomwe zimayambitsa kwambiri ndi mbewu zamtundu uliwonse (nkhaka, squash, maungu), komanso mitundu yonse ya kabichi ndi mbatata. Pea yokha, komanso nyemba zake, ndizomwe zimayambira kwambiri zamasamba otchuka kwambiri.
Simuyenera kulima nandolo pamalo amodzi zaka zingapo mzere: nthaka mutatha kukhala zaka 3-4 zomwe mbewu zina zimakhala. Nandolo siziyenera kubzalidwe pambuyo pa mtundu uliwonse wa nyemba.
Kukonzekeretsa mbewu kuti mubzale
Nandolo nthawi zambiri zimabzalidwa ndi nthangala kuti zimakololedwa, chifukwa pofika kumapeto kwa zipatsozo zimatha kuzimiririka ndipo pali masamba ambiri osagwirizana omwe amapsa bwino. Izi ndichizolowezi nthawi zambiri, ngati nandolo wofesedwa sanali wosakanizidwa (F1): pamenepa, mutha kupeza mbewu yosiyana kwambiri kuposa momwe mukuyembekezerera. Nandolo nthawi zambiri zimabzalidwa ndi njere zowuma, zongogulidwa, koma ndibwino kuti muchepetse kanthawi kochepa pokonzekera kufesa.
Kukanidwa kwa mbewu
Ngakhale mbewu za pea zomwe zagulidwa, zomwe zili m'matumba okongola, pali mitundu yochepa ya zitsanzo zosayenera, ndipo pazomera zawo patsamba lawo pamatha kukhala zochulukirapo. Chifukwa chake, ndikofunikira kutaya zosayenera pasadakhale. Nandolo zodzikwaniritsa ziyenera kuyang'ana kuti ziwonongeke: nthawi zambiri amayendera moto. Mbeu zoterezi zimalowetsedwa ndi mabowo, momwe mungapezeko tizilomboti, komanso mphutsi zazing'ono.
Mutha kukana njerezo pamanja, kuzisanja payekhapayekha, koma zimathira kwambiri kuthira mbewu mumadzi amchere (supuni pa lita) ndikudikirira mphindi zingapo. Mbeu zofooka ndi zoyambukiridwa sizingamire, ziyenera kusungidwa ndi kutayidwa. Wovekedwa - nadzatsuka ndi madzi ndi youma. Zitatha izi, mutha kuzifesa, koma ndibwino kupitiriza kukonzekera ngati pakadatsala nthawi yochepa kuti mubzale.
Mayeso akumera
Mbewu za pea ndizoyenera kufesa kwa zaka 5-6, koma pokhapokha posungira bwino, ngati sizinasungunuke nthawi ndi nthawi. Chifukwa chake, pazokayikira, ndikofunikira kuyesa kuti zimere, ndikuzichita nthawi yozizira, kuti ngati mulephera mugule mbewu zatsopano zomwe mukufuna. Kwa nandolo, kumera kumawoneka bwino ngati mbewu 9 mwa 10 ndizoyenera.
Mbewu za pea nthawi zambiri zimamera mosavuta, koma kufesa ndi mizu ndizovuta
Kuyang'ana kumera ndikosavuta: mbeu khumi ndi ziwiri imanyowa kwa maola angapo m'madzi, kenako amasinthidwa ndi nsalu yonyowa. Ikani dimba laling'onolo m'chidebe chilichonse ndikuchikuta ndi chivindikiro. Kawiri pa tsiku, amawunika kuti awone ngati nsaluyo imakhalabe yonyowa, ndipo ngati kuli kotheka, kuwonjezera madzi.
Nandolo ya peas m'masiku ochepa, ndipo pakatha sabata zonse zimveke: ngati peyala imodzi simuphuka - chabwino, awiri kapena atatu - ndi ololera. Ngati muli ndi michira yochepera isanu, ndibwino kugula mbewu zatsopano. Ngakhale, ngati pali zakale kwambiri, mutha kuzifesa, kokha ndi malire, zowiranso kawiri masiku onse.
Kodi ndikofunikira kuti zilowerere ndi kumera mbewu
Kucheka ndikumera nthanga za peyala musanafese sikulimbikitsidwa. Izi ndi zoona makamaka za nandolo okoma kwambiri komanso otchuka muubongo. Kodi ndichifukwa chiyani izi? Inde, masamba ambiri amakula bwino ngati afesedwa ndi nthangala zobzalira. Koma chowonadi ndichakuti nandolo amafesedwa koyambirira m'nthaka yozizira. Ngati ifesedwa ndi nthangala zosamera, zimangodikirira mpaka masamba owopsa atasiyidwa: mwanjira ina, mbewu zimamva. Koma ngati kutentha kwa dothi kumagwera pansi pa 4 zaC, mizu yaying'ono ya nzu zophukira zimafa, ndipo pambuyo pake mbewuzo zimavunda.
Tizilowerere kwambiri: Bzalani chonde kubzala pokhapokha ngati masiku oyamba kubzala ataya chiyembekezo, ndipo mukufuna kuti mbewuyo ithe. Ngati wokonza dimba uja akutsimikiza kuti kuzizira sikubwerera, ndipo nthaka yatentheza mokwanira, mutha kuyika njerezo pamsauzi ndikuthira madzi kotero kuti imangophimba nandolo. Kubwera nthawi yayitali ndi pafupifupi maola 12, ndipo nthawi imeneyi ndikofunikira kusintha madzi kanthawi 4-5.
Nandolo ndizodzaza ndimadzi ndikutupa, koma njirayi imachepetsa nthawi yakukula kwa mbande ndi masiku awiri, ndiye ngati dothi lonyowa bwino. Kubzala mbewu munjira yodziwika bwino ya mawu, kutanthauza kuti, michira isanawonekere, siziyenera kukhala: zidzakhala zovuta kufesa, koma izi sizipereka phindu lalikulu.
Vidiyo: Kufesa nthenga zophuka
Chithandizo cha nyemba musanafese
Pofuna kumera kumera m'mundawu kukhala ochezeka, amatha kuwotchera mawonekedwe owuma pafupi ndi batri, kuyikidwa pafupi ndi iwo mchikwama chilichonse cha nsalu kwa ola limodzi ndi theka mpaka awiri. Chithandizo chamankhwala chitha kuperekedwa kuti tilepheretse matenda ngati atapezeka pamalowo, koma anthu wamba pachilimwe sachitapo izi.
M'mabizinesi akuluakulu azolimo, nandolo amazichitira chisamaliro, mwachitsanzo, ndi formalin.
Ena wamaluwa musanafesere (osati koyambirira!) Thirani mbewuzo pokonzekera zosiyanasiyana zomwe zimapanga zinthu zokhazokha. Mwanjira imeneyi, amayesa kusunga mbewu m'malo ovuta kapena pang'ono zimachulukitsa. Mwa zina mwa mankhwala omwe amakonda kwambiri ndi Epin and Humate (mankhwala omwe ali ndi mphamvu yolimbikitsa, ya adaptogenic ndi anti-nkhawa). Nthawi zina, pokonza nthanga, feteleza micronutrient amagwiritsidwa ntchito (kukonzekera kwa zinc, molybdenum, cobalt). Ngati mukugwira nawo ntchito imeneyi, muyenera kuchita mosamala, osapitirira muyeso zomwe zaperekedwa mu malangizo a mankhwala.
Madeti obzala
Kukhwima kwa mbewu yoyamba kumasiyana kwambiri kutengera mitundu, koma anthu wamba otentha chilimwe nthawi zambiri amabzala zipatso zamtunduwo zoyambirira kucha. Masamba awo oyamba amatha kudulira pafupifupi masiku 45 mutabzala. Chifukwa chake, mutha kuwerengera nthawi yakubzala ndikudalira izi. Koma pochita izi, nandolo amafesedwa osazengereza, nthaka ikangokulolani kuti musanthule mizere ndi kuyembamo masentimita angapo. M'chigawo chapakati cha dziko lathu, kutengera nyengo, izi zitha kuchitika kumapeto kwa kumapeto kwa Epulo.
Kuti muwonjezere zokolola, ndikofunikira kubzala mitundu ingapo: zoyambirira komanso zoyambirira. Koma mulimonsemo, izi ziyenera kuchitidwa mwachangu: nandolo yofesedwa pafupi ndi chilimwe imakula ndikukula: sakonda nyengo yotentha kwambiri. Nthawi zomaliza zili pakati pa Juni. Mitundu yonse ya nandolo ndi yosazizira modabwitsa. Nthawi yomweyo, tirigu wosalala amatumphuka panthaka ya +1 zaC, ndipo tank yoganiza imafunikira nyengo yotentha pang'ono. Koma kutentha kulikonse ndi koyenera. Pa kukula kwa mtola, kutentha kwakukulu kumayambira pa 12 mpaka 22 zaC.
Omwe alimi ena amayesa kuyang'ana kalendala yoyendera mwezi wobzala. Ngakhale ziyenera kudziwika kuti m'zaka zaposachedwa, chidwi pamutuwu chathandizira mwanjira inayake, zomwe zimachitikanso chifukwa chakuti zofalitsa zosiyanasiyana zimasindikiza madeti osiyana kwambiri omwe munda womwewo umagwira. Ngati tiwunika magawo osiyanasiyana, zimapezeka kuti mu 2018 pofesa nandolo, masiku abwino kwambiri amatchedwa Epulo 21, 23-28, komanso Meyi 3-5.
Tikufika masiku osiyanasiyana kumadera osiyanasiyana
Nandolo zimamera bwino nyengo iliyonse kupatula kutentha kwambiri. Ngati m'chigawo chapakati cha Russia chofesedwa mu Epulo, ndiye kumpoto - mu Meyi, komanso kumwera - kale m'mwezi woyamba wa masika: nandolo sakonda nyengo yotentha, ndipo mutha kupeza mbewu yokhayo isanachitike. Chifukwa chake, mwachitsanzo, mu Krasnodar Territory kapena republic of the North Caucasus, nandolo zibzalidwe kale pamasiku osiyanasiyana mu Marichi, kutengera nyengo yamakono.
M'madambo kapena ku Belarus, komwe nyengo ndi yofanana, malo abwino okulira mbewuyi. Madeti ofesa nandolo kuno ndi koyambirira kwambiri, amayamba nthaka ikatenthetsedwa mpaka 5º C, ndiye kuti, tangotsala tchuthi cha Meyi Day. Ambiri wamaluwa amabzala mbewu kawiri kapena katatu, mpaka pafupifupi Juni 10. Ku Ukraine, nyengo ndi yosiyana: ndi dziko lachiwiri lalikulu kwambiri ku Europe. Ngati kumpoto kalendala yofesa ndiyofanana ndi Chigawo cha Moscow, ndipo nandolo amafesedwa pakati kapena kumapeto kwa Epulo, ndiye kuti kumadera akumwera izi zachitika kale m'masiku omaliza a Marichi.
M'malo ozizira kwambiri (Siberia, Urals ndi Urals, dera la North-Western, kuphatikizapo dera la Leningrad), sizotheka kufesa nandolo kale kwambiri kuyambira koyambirira kwa Meyi, ndipo zaka zina nthaka imadzala pang'ono kulowa mkati mwa mwezi.
Njira yodzala nandolo pa mbande
Kuti muthe kukolola koyamba kwambiri, nandolo nthawi zina amabzala mbande. Zowona, malo ambiri ayenera kuyikidwira m'nyumba, chifukwa amayesetsa kukonzera mbande mu greenh m'nyumba kapena hotbed. Pachifukwa ichi, chilichonse chomwe mbewu zimabzalidwa masentimita atatu aliyense ndi oyenera .. Kuphatikizika kwa dothi kulibe vuto. Pofesa, ndibwino kugwiritsa ntchito mitundu yoyambirira, mwachitsanzo, Kumayambiriro kwa 301 kapena Viola.
Popeza palibe chifukwa choopera kuzizira panyumba, nandolo zimanyowa musanadzalemo kwa maola 10-12, ndikusintha madzi nthawi ndi nthawi. Kufesa mbewu zokha sikovuta: adakwiriridwa mpaka akuya masentimita atatu, atakhala kuti adafotokozera kale zipatso zam'madzi, ndikuthilira bwino. Nthanga zimatuluka patadutsa pafupifupi sabata, ndipo chisamaliro cha mmera ndizofala kwambiri: kusunga dothi lonyowa ndikuwatsata kuwala ndi kutentha. Nandolo ziyenera kukhala pamalo osazama kwambiri ndi kutentha osaposa 20 zaC.
Chovuta kwambiri ndikutola mbande, kuti mutha kuzifesa nthawi yomweyo m'magalasi osiyana, koma mu nyumba momwemo alibe malo oti ayikemo. Pankhani imeneyi, nthawi zambiri amadzaza ndi nguluwe, koma kuvumbula mizu yolumikizana mizu ya mbewu yoyandikana sikophweka konse.
Nthawi zina mbande zimamera pa otchedwa hydroponics. Kuti muchite izi, pangani "nkhono" ya pepala la chimbudzi, lomwe limayikidwa papulasitiki, kenako mbewu zokonzedwa zimayikidwa papepala, kuthiriridwa madzi ambiri. Pokoka pepala ndi kanema mu mpukutu, ikani vertically ndikuthilira tsiku ndi tsiku.
Ndi njira iyi, nkhono imayenera kuyatsidwa osachepera maola 18 patsiku. Pakatha milungu iwiri, mbande imaphukira bwino, ndipo patatha masiku ochepa "nkhono "yo imayamba kupanga, nandolo zomwe zimakhazikitsidwa ndi mizu zimasiyanitsidwa ndikuziika m'munda.
Pansanja ya masamba a cotyledonary mu pepala la chimbudzi, nandolo zimapereka mizu yamphamvu
Kuthira mbande m'nthaka
Mbande zomwe zili m'bokosi lokhala ndi dothi zakonzeka kubzala m'masabata atatu, m'mbuyomu mu hydroponics. Kuichotsa mosamala pa nazale, yobzala m'mabedi okonzedwa kale. Pakati panjira izi zachitika mu theka loyambirira la Meyi, kumwera - kumapeto kwa Epulo.
Mbeu zobzalidwa m'mipanda yayikulu, yothiriridwa bwino ndi madzi. Mtundu wa kutalika - masentimita 10-12 m'mizere ndi 35-40 masentimita pakati pawo. Ngati ntchitoyi ichitika munthawi ya mitambo, mbande zimamera bwino.
Tekinolo yofesa mbewu za nandolo panthaka, gawo lililonse
Kubzala mbewu m'munda nthawi yoyambirira ndiyo njira yobzala nandolo. Popeza bedi nthawi zambiri limakhala lokonzeka kuyambira nthawi yophukira, mitengo imakonzedwa musanafesere mtunda wa 15-30 masentimita kuchokera kwa wina ndi mnzake: chifukwa mitundu yotsika pang'ono, yamtunda wa mamita awiri. Ngati nthaka yakwanira kale kuphukira, kuthirira kumathiriridwa, kenako nandolo amafesedwa.
Zomwe feteleza angagwiritse ntchito pobzala
Mlingo waukulu wa feteleza unawonjezedwa pabedi nthawi yamalimwe, monga tafotokozera pamwambapa. Pomalizira, mumangofunika kumasula pansi ndi cholembera chachikulu, koma zisanachitike mutha kuwaza phulusa lamatanda pabedi (pafupifupi lita imodzi pa mita imodzi2) ndi uzitsine wa urea. Feteleza zina pakadali pano siziyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito nandolo. Ngati organic kanthu simunayambitsidwe mu kugwa, ndiye kuti sinachedwe kuti ndikatola manyowa abwino m'mundawo masika. Nandolo zimayankha bwino pa kukhalapo kwa molybdenum ndi boron m'nthaka, koma sizimagwiritsidwa ntchito mwanjira yogulira feteleza; kuchepa kwa zinthuzi kumalipiriridwa ndikuyambitsa kuchuluka kwakukulu kwa phulusa.
Kubzala nandolo ngati feteleza wa dothi
Pea ndi amodzi mwa otchuka komanso apamwamba kwambiri. Awa ndi dzina la mbewu zomwe sizinabzalidwe kuti zikololedwe, koma kuti muzimatchetulira ndikuzikhulitsa m'nthaka ngati feteleza atakula. Nandolo ndizabwino chifukwa zimachulukitsa zophatikiza ndi nayitrogeni m'nthaka m'nthaka zomwe zimapezeka mosavuta kwa mbewu zina.
Pa cholinga chomwechi, amafesa, monga nyemba, vetch, oats, lupin, zina. Izi ndi mbewu zomwe zobiriwira zake zimakula msanga, kenako zimalemeretsa nthaka ndi michere yofunika.
Pofesa nandolo za feteleza, mbewuzo zimafesedwa kwambiri, kenako ndikuthiririra, kenako niziyizi zisanaphuke, zimasenda ndipo dothi lonse lobiriwira limakumbidwa ndi dothi. Nandolo zimadutsa nthawi yonseyi musanabzalemo mbande za thermophilic, monga tsabola kapena tomato.
Njira zofesa nandolo: Zouma kapena zonyowa
Monga tanena kale, nkoopsa kubzala nandolo ndi titanyowa, ndipo ngakhale zina zamera kwambiri kumayambiriro kwambiri: zikavuta kwambiri, zimatha kutha. Mbewu zokonzedwa sizingafesedwe kale kuposa Meyi, mu Epulo ndibwino kugwiritsa ntchito zouma. Ngati mitundu yakucha yakucha yabzalidwa munjira, nthawi zambiri ngakhale mzere umodzi, nandolo zomwe zimapangidwa kuti zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito mochedwa zimayesedwa kubzala pabedi lalikulu kapena laling'ono: monga lamulo, kuphukira pakati, ndipo ngakhale mitundu ina pambuyo pake limakula munjira zazitali kwambiri zomwe sizingathe kulimidwa popanda othandizira.
Kutengera kutalika kwa mbewu zam'tsogolo, ndi mitengo yofesa idafotokozedwa, kupatsidwa mwayi wopanga zothandizira ma peyala ataliatali. Nandolo safunikira kuti amangiridwe; iye mwini amagwiritsa ntchito zopinga zomwe akumana nazo panjira yakukula kwake. Ndipo ndibwino kuzimangirira pasadakhale, kuti tinyanga tating'onoting'ono akaonekere, akhoza kumamatira ku chinthu china.
Kwa tchire zotsika kwambiri, izi zimatha kukhazikitsidwa ndi mitengo yotalika theka, koma mitundu yakutali mochedwa zimayambira zimakula mpaka mita imodzi ndi theka ndipo pamwamba. Chifukwa chake, pankhaniyi, mitengo kapena ndodo zazitali kapena zopindika zopindika ndizofunikira.
Kuzama kufesa kumadalira kachulukidwe kakudothi ndipo kakhoza kukhala kuchokera pa 4 mpaka 10 cm: kuya mozama pamtunda wamchenga, yaying'ono pazidongo zadongo. Mbewu zimayala mtunda wa 5-8 masentimita kuchokera kwa mnzake ndi kubzala pansi, pang'ono pang'onopang'ono. Ngati kumayambiriro kwamasika, palibe chifukwa chothirira madzi. Ngati dothi lakhala louma kale, thirirani bedi liyenera kukhala lokwanira, kenako mulch ndi humus kapena dothi louma.
Nandolo sizifesedwa kwambiri, koma ndikofunikira kuti mbalame zisazikunkhe
Chifukwa chake, mitundu yobzala nandolo imasiyana kuchokera pa 5 x 15 masentimita kwa mitundu yosaphika kwambiri mpaka 10 x 30 cm wamtali.
Chisamaliro cha mtedza cha chilimwe chimakhala ndi kuthirira ndi kukolola: kumasula ndi kudula msanga posachedwa kwambiri, ndipo mutavala bwino zitunda ndi feteleza, mutha kuchita popanda kuthira feteleza. Udzu ungadulidwe, koma osatulutsidwa, chifukwa nthawi zambiri umakhala wolocha ndi nandolo.
Chifukwa chake, njira zazikulu mukabzala nandolo za shuga ndizotsatirazi.
- M'dzinja timakumba chiwembu, ndikuyambitsa feteleza ndi michere, koma osati manyowa atsopano.
Kukumba bedi la feteleza mu kugwa mwina ndi ntchito yovuta kwambiri
- Kumayambiriro kwam'mawa timakonza njere: timayang'ana kuti kumera, calibrate, koma kubzala koyambirira sitimanyowa.
Zilowerere nandolo pokhapokha ngati mbewu sizinabzale kwambiri
- Chapakatikati, timayala bedi lamundawo ndi tambala, mwina tikawonjezera phulusa.
Phulusa - feteleza wachilengedwe - angagwiritsidwe ntchito panthaka nthawi iliyonse
- Popeza tidafotokozera mitengo patali pafupifupi 15 mpaka 30 cm kuchokera kwa wina ndi mzake, timafalitsa mbewu za nandolo mwa iwo, ndikuwasunga masentimita 5 mpaka 10 pakati pawo.
Bzalani nandolo, kutengera mtundu wa mbewu: ngati kumera sikunali kwenikweni, ndiye kuti kunenepa
- Timadzaza njere ndi dothi. Ngati youma, madzi ndi mulch ndi humus kapena nthaka youma ndi wosanjikiza wa 1 cm.
Kuthirira pokhapokha ngati nthaka yayuma kale
Kanema: Kubzala nandolo ndi njere zowuma
Kubzala nandolo mu wowonjezera kutentha
Kuti tikule bwino kwambiri mbewu zoyambirira, nandolo nthawi zina zimabzalidwa mu wowonjezera kutentha. Ngakhale, zowona, mwini wake wakhama amalakalaka atapeza malo abwino kulimapo mbewu zomwe zimakonda kutentha. Kubzala m'malo osatentha, kuphatikiza polycarbonate, kufesa kumachitika mu Marichi. M'malo obiriwira amadzala mitundu yokha ya ubongo, yomwe mukufuna kudyetsa nyemba posachedwa.
Zachidziwikire, mu wowonjezera kutentha ndizomvera chisoni malo a nandolo, koma okonda kukwiya adzabzala baka tambiri zingapo
Kulima zobiriwira za greenhouse sikusiyana ndi wamba, pokhapokha ngati kumayambiriro kwa kutentha greenhouse iyenera kuyatsidwa nthawi zonse: nandolo sindimakonda kutentha. Kuphatikiza apo, chifukwa cha chinyezi chowonjezereka, nandolo mu wowonjezera kutentha nthawi zambiri zimayambukiridwa ndi powdery mildew. Amabzala nandolo momwemonso momwe zimakhalira m'nthaka yosatetezedwa, koma osadalira mvula ndipo nthawi zambiri madzi. Pofuna kuthana ndi tizirombo, mpiru wabzalidwa pafupi kapena mbuto za basil zomwe zidakhazikitsidwa kale zibzalidwe.
Kuphatikiza kwa pea ndi mbewu zina
Nandolo imalemeretsa nthaka ndi mankhwala a nayitrogeni, omwe mosakayikira ndi othandiza kwa oyandikana nawo osiyanasiyana m'mabedi. Amadziwika kuti ndi mnzake wokhala ndi zikhalidwe zambiri. Omwe alimi ambiri amabzala nandolo ngakhale pakati pa mbewu zina m'makope angapo, osati kuti akolole, koma kuti awathandize. Koma kodi oyandikana nawo onse amathokoza nandolo chifukwa cha izi? Pafupifupi chilichonse, sikofunikira kubzala kokha pafupi ndi anyezi kapena adyo, komanso ndi wachibale - nyemba ndi nyemba zamasamba.
Oyandikana nawo abwino a nandolo ndi kaloti ndi nkhaka. Kuphatikiza apo, muyenera kuyesa kubzala zitsamba kapena phwetekere pafupi ndi fungo lawo, kuti kuthana ndi tizilombo tina tambiri tivulaze. Mpiru imayendetsa njenjete. Nthawi zina nandolo amafesedwa pafupi ndi chimanga, chomwe mitengo yake yayitali imakhala yolimba. Nandolo ndimakhala bwino mdera la kabichi, mbatata, mbewu zilizonse zobiriwira (parsley, saladi, katsabola).
Pea ndi chomera choletsa kuzizira kwambiri, chomwe chimafesedwa chimodzi choyamba. Kulephera pakupanga mbeu yake sikungakhalepo pakati pa oyambitsa wamaluwa, koma kuyenera kubzalidwe moyenera komanso pa nthawi. Kubzala koyambirira sikungatheke: wokhalamo chilimwe samamasula nthaka, ndipo mutabzala mochedwa, imamera molimbika ndikupereka mbewu yotsatira komanso yochepa.
