Momwe mungakonzekerere kubzala mpiru: Kufesa nthawi, kusankhidwa kwa mitundu, mitengo yambewu, kulowa muzatseguka pansi

Mwini wothandiza - mpiru amatenga malo ofunika kwambiri patebulo lathu.

Kwa zaka zoposa sikwi zikwi zisanu, zokolola zake zothandiza, zokolola zambiri ndi kudzichepetsa zimadziwika kwa dziko lapansi.

Koma kodi n'zosavuta kuti mukhale ndi zipatso zazikulu, zakuda ndi zagolide? Tiyeni tiwone izo.

Nkhaniyi ikuuzeni nthawi yoti kufesa ndi yabwino, momwe mungasankhire mbewu yabwino ndikubzala masamba.

Kulima masiku

Kutembenuza kumatanthawuza mbewu zoyamba kucha. Nthawi yayitali kuchokera pa kufesa mbewu mpaka kumapangidwe a zipatso ndi masiku 60-70, kotero inu mukhoza kukula izo kangapo pa nyengo. Kuti mupeze zokolola zambiri pa tebulo la chilimwe, mukhoza kulima kale kumapeto kwa April - kumayambiriro kwa May, pamene kutentha kwa nthaka ndi 2 ° C ... + 3 ° C. Ngati mizu yapangidwa kuti ikhale yosungirako nthawi yozizira, mbewu zimayenera kubzala kumayambiriro kwa August.

Thandizo! Ndikofunika kudziwa kusiyana pakati pa mawu akuti "kubzala" ndi "chomera." Bzalani ndi kubzala mbewu ndi mbewu, koma zomera zosabzalidwa zimabzalidwa, mwachitsanzo, mitengo ya mitengo ndi zitsamba.

Kusankha mitundu

Mitundu ya turnip inagawidwa kumayambiriro ndi mochedwa.

Oyambirira

Zipatso zili ndi khungu lochepa ndipo si oyenera kusungirako nyengo yozizira.

Izi zikuphatikizapo:

• Geisha (kulawa ndi mawonekedwe onga daikon);

• Mpira wa golide (chipatsocho chili ndi kukoma kokoma kwambiri ndipo chiri ndi zokolola zambiri);

• mpiru wofiira (rasipiberi-pinki, ndi nsonga yoyera, yolemera 100-150 gr.) ndi ena.

Mitundu iyi imabereka mbewu m'masiku 40-45 owerengeka ndipo imakhala ndi zokoma.

Chakumapeto

Zosiyanasiyana monga:

• Komet (kuyeza magalamu 90-120, kulekerera kusungirako zinthu m'chipinda chapansi pa nyumba);
• Mwezi (kuzungulira, chikasu ndi chipatso chokoma).
• Turnips a Peter, chofala kwambiri ku Russia, chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa kumera ndi kuphweka.

Mitundu iyi imapsa ndipo ili okonzeka kusonkhana mu masiku 60-80, imakhala yozizira komanso imatha kupulumuka nthawi yozizira.

Mitengo yobzala zipangizo ku Moscow ndi St. Petersburg

Mitengo ya mbewu za masamba, kuphatikizapo turnips, ndi demokarasi. Pali olemera atatu omwe akupanga mbewu ku Moscow: Aelita agrofirm, Gavrish ndi Yasenevo Garden Center akupempha kugula mbeu 10 mpaka 15 pamatumba. Ndipo malamulo amtunduwu amakhala otheka pamtengo wa ma ruble 4. Mzinda wa St. Petersburg "Garden" umapereka mbewu pamtengo wa 10-13 rubles. Mitengo iyi imakhala yochepa kudutsa dziko lonselo.

Kodi chingakulire pa bedi limodzi kapena pambuyo pati?

Nkhaka, kaloti, tomato, chimanga, nyemba, kapena mbatata zingakhale zabwino zotsutsana ndi turnips m'munda.

Musati mubzale mpiru m'munda mutatha mtanda (kabichi, radish, radish), pamene iwo amatenga mchere womwewo kuchokera ku nthaka ndipo zokolola zidzakhala zoipira.

Mpiru idzakhala yaikulu ndi yowutsa mudyo ngati oyandikana nayo m'munda ndi awa:

• limodzi;
• madzi;
• udzu winawake;
• sipinachi

Koma musati mubzale pafupi ndi kabichi: zikhalidwe izi zimakhala ndi matenda wamba. Mutatha kukolola turnips, radishes kapena radishes, mulole mundawo upumule ndikudyetsa mbewu zosavuta, zosavuta, monga anyezi kapena adyo. Pakupanga organic fertilizers, chaka chamawa mutha kubzala tomato kapena okoma tsabola pansi pa chivundikiro cha filimuyi.

Kukula: momwe mungabzalitsire masamba?

Momwe mungabzalidwe panja?

• Kufufuza mbeu yobzala.

  Pakuti kubzala mbewu kumatseguka ndiwothandiza kugwiritsa ntchito:

  1. fosholo (kuyamba koyambirira kwa dziko lapansi);
  2. (kumasula nthaka ndi kuchotsa miyala);
  3. choyimira kapena kumangiriza pang'ono (kuyang'ana pa kama wa mizere ingapo kapena mizere);
  4. botolo ndi dzenje pakati pa kapu ya kubzala yunifolomu ya mbeu pansi;
  5. dzanja;
  6. kuthirira kungathe

• Kukonzekera dothi kubzala.
  1. Malo okwezera turnips ayenera kukonzekera kugwa: kukumba dothi ndikugwiritsa ntchito feteleza.
  2. Pakuyamba kwa kasupe, kutsekula kwakukulu kwachitika ndipo gawo lina la manyowa amayamba.
  3. Superphosphate ndi potassium kloride akuwonjezeredwa. Ngati mukufuna, jambulani ndi bedi la phulusa kuti muteteze kwambiri acidity m'nthaka.
  4. Pogwiritsira ntchito chikhomo kapena ndodo yachizolowezi, pangani zobiriwira 1.5-2 masentimita, moisten iwo ndi kubzala mbewu muzitsimezi.

• Mbewu yokonzekera kubzala.

  Musanabzala mbewu pansi muyenera kukonzekera kufesa. Izi zimaphatikizapo magawo angapo:

  1. Kulimbitsa. Chotsani mbewu zonse zowonongeka kapena zopanda kanthu. Izi nthawi zambiri zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pogwiritsa ntchito sieve yosankhidwa.
  2. Mbewu ikuwomba. Mitundu yambiri ya zomera imadulidwa kudzera mu mbewu, kotero ndikofunika kuti tizilombo toyambitsa matenda. Zomera zimatha kuwerengedwera dzuwa kwa masiku 2-3, komabe njira yowonjezera yowonongeka ndi kupatsirana mbeu mu 1% ya potassium permanganate kwa mphindi 20-30, kenako kutsukidwa bwino ndi madzi.
• Chiwembu cholowera.

  Mbeu zowoneka bwino zimabzalidwa pa mlingo wa 1 gramu pa m², kuya kuya kwa groove ya 1.5-2 masentimita kapena afesa 2-3 mbewu pazomwe, kupatulira mbande mopitirira.

• Kusamalira zomera.

  Chisamaliro cha chomera pamene mutsikira kumayambiriro kwa nyengo sivuta. Pa tsiku la 4-7 mutatha kufesa mbewu, mphukira yoyamba ikuwoneka ndipo kuyambira pano kamodzi kapena kawiri pa sabata, kupatulira kumafunikira, kusiya masamba amphamvu komanso othandiza kwambiri mpaka mapepala atatu awonekere. Mtunda pakati pa mphukira nthawiyi uyenera kukhala mkati mwa 6-10 masentimita.

  Musanayambe kupatulira, ndibwino kuti mutenge nthaka ndi phulusa kapena fumbi kuti muteteze pamtambo womwe umatha kuwononga mbewu. Chofunika kwambiri pakulima chipatso chachikulu ndicho kuchotsa nthaka. Pachifukwa chimenechi, kumasulidwa kwa mzere wa mzere pakati pa masentimita 3-5 kumapangidwa. Pamodzi ndi kumasula, kupalira mmimba kumathandizanso, kuchotsa namsongole kuchokera kumera.

  Turnip ndi chomera chachikondi ndi chinyezi chomera, ndipo motero, amafunikira kuthirira okwanira. Ngati dothi silinapeze chinyezi ngati mvula, kuthirira kumayenera kuchitidwa pamanja, pogwiritsa ntchito madzi okwanira ndi mlingo wa 30 malita a madzi pa 1 mita². Dothi louma lingawononge kwambiri mtundu wa mbeu: Zipatso zidzakhala zochepa mu kukula ndi kulawa kowawa.

  Choncho, kuthirira mbande kumafunika 2-3 pa sabata. 2-3 nthawi yonse ya kucha mu nthaka amalimbikitsidwanso kugwiritsa ntchito mchere feteleza, mosamala kuwawaza pansi pa chomera chilichonse. Koma ngati dzikolo liri "lolemera" ndi lachonde, izi siziri zofunikira.

  Pa paketi ndi mbewu, mawu opatsa zipatso amalembedwa kwa zosiyanasiyana. Ndikofunika kuti mudziwe zambirizi komanso musalole mipiru yomwe yayamba kale kubisika pansi, mwinamwake thupi lidzakhala lochepetsetsa ndipo khungu lidzakhala lolimba. Zofesedwa kumayambiriro kwa mwezi wa May, turnips pakati pa chilimwe zidzasangalala tebulo.

Ndi liti komanso kutseka mu mini-wowonjezera kutentha kapena wowonjezera kutentha?

Kusiyanitsa kwakukulu pakati pa kulima mpiru mu greenhouses kapena greenhouses kuchoka kumunda kumakhala nthawi yofesa. Bzalani mbeu mu wowonjezera kutentha kungakhale kumayambiriro kwa mwezi wa March, mu wowonjezera kutentha - kumayambiriro kwa mwezi wa April. Kusamala kwakukulu kumeneku kumayenera kulipidwa pa kusankha kwa wowonjezera kutentha kapena wowonjezera kutentha kumene kumapangitsa kuti dzuwa lilowe mokwanira komanso momwe mungakonzere madzi okwanira.

Kunyumba

Tiyeni tione momwe tingabweretse mpiru ndikusamalira mbewu kunyumba.

• Kufufuza mbeu yobzala.

  Kubzala mbewu za turnip kunyumba n'kofunikira:

  1. kubzala mabokosi (kutalika 8-10 cm);
  2. filimu kuti iphimbe nthaka mpaka kumera;
  3. nyali ya kuyatsa (pofesa mbewu pamaso pa February);
  4. phokoso kapena chipangizo china chomasula nthaka.

• Kukonzekera dothi kubzala.

  Kufesa kwa mpiru ku nyumba, munda wa mchenga ndi mchenga wa mtsinje umatengedwa mu chiŵerengero cha 2: 1. Kwa makilogalamu 6. Chosakanizacho chimaphatikizapo magalasi amodzi a phulusa ndi 20 g wa nitroammofoski ndi kusakaniza zonse zigawozo.

• Mbewu yokonzekera kubzala.

  Musanabzala, mbewu zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pogwiritsa ntchito njira yomwe tatchula pamwambayi ndi kutetezedwa kuti tizilombo toyambitsa matenda. Mbeu yokonzekera imasakanizidwa ndi mchenga mu chiŵerengero cha 1: 3.

• Chiwembu cholowera.

  Kunyumba, turnips amafesedwa mabokosi okhala ndi masentimita 8-10 mumzere, pafupifupi masentimita asanu ndi awiri, mpaka akuya 1.5-2 cm.

• Kusamalira zomera.
  Kunyumba, turnips zimakula makamaka chifukwa cha mavitamini obiriwira, koma ngati zinthu zimaloledwa ndi malo okwanira kubzala, n'zotheka kupeza zipatso.

  Kufesa kumathera kumapeto kwa February - kumayambiriro kwa mwezi wa March mu nthaka yomwe anakonzeratu kale malingana ndi ndondomeko yoyenera kubzala. Pambuyo pofesa, ndi bwino kutseka mabokosi omwe ali ndi filimu mpaka kumera koyamba kwa mbewu. Asanayambe masamba atatu pa zomera, zimamera ndi thinned kawiri, kusiya kwambiri ndi yotheka kwambiri mphukira.

  Mtunda pakati pa zomera ndi masentimita 5-6. Ndi bwino kuthirira nthaka ndi madzi otentha pang'ono, osaiwala kuti ayese masamba. Ndibwino kusamala, masambawa ndi ofewa komanso amadzimadzi, ndipo zipatso zothandizira chinyezi zimakula kwambiri ndipo zimakhala zazikulu, 5-6 masentimita.

Turnip ndi chomera chodabwitsa kwambiri chokhala ndi mavitamini ndi kufufuza zinthu, ndipo kukula kwake kuli kwakukulu. Masamba ndi mizu ya masamba ndi yophika, yophika, steamed, yowonjezera ku mbale zazikulu ndi saladi, zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pa mankhwala. Odyetsa zaka zambiri zapitazo amabweretsa mitundu ya turnips ya kukoma mtima kulikonse. Zimangokhala kusankha ndi kukula.