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Munda wa masamba

Kodi mungakolole bwanji sipinachi? Kufotokozera za chikhalidwe ndi zikhalidwe za kulima

Sipinachi yakhala nthawi yambiri yomwe imakonda kwambiri mitu yathu, tsiku ndi tsiku ndi masewera. Pali mitundu yambiri yosiyanasiyana ya zomera, pakati pawo ndi sipinachi mafuta. Ndili wathanzi wathanzi, wokoma, wokongola kwambiri.

Nkhaniyi ikufotokoza mwatsatanetsatane za katundu ndi zipangizo zamakono zowonjezera mitundu yosiyana-siyana yopatsa chidwi. Tidzafotokozera zonse za ubwino ndi zoipa za zosiyanasiyanazi ndikuthandizani kukula bwino amadyera.

Malongosoledwe a botaniki ndi mbiriyakale

Sipinachi Fat tsamba ndi herbaceous masamba ku Amaranth banja.

Kutalika kumafika masentimita makumi anai, masamba akhoza kukhala ndi mawonekedwe osiyana - oval, notched kapena peristopal, pamwamba pawo akhoza kukhala ngakhale ngakhale pang'ono.

Mtundu wa masamba ndi wobiriwira. Zida zowonjezera - zosapitirira 28 masentimita. Pa chomera chachimuna, maluwa mapesi akuwuma mwamsanga, pa mkazi kubzala mbewu zipse.

Chomeracho ndichayamba kucha. Kuchokera pamene mphukira ikuphuka kufika pakukhwima, mwezi umatha. Kulimbana ndi chisanu. Tidziwa masamba awa osapitirira zaka mazana awiri, koma sipinachi kuchokera ku Persia wakale. Ku Ulaya, iye anadza ku Middle Ages.

Woyamba kuyamikira anali amonke a ku Spain, omwe anayamba kulima chikhalidwe m'minda ya amonke. M'zaka za m'ma 16-17, zosiyanazi zinali zozizwitsa.

Mankhwala ndi mankhwala amapangidwa

Malingana ndi magalamu 100 a mankhwala, sipinachi imakhala:

  • Mavitamini:

    1. beta carotene - 4.5 mg;
    2. A - 750 mcg;
    3. B1 - 0.1 mg;
    4. B2 - 0.25 mg;
    5. B5 - 0.3 mg;
    6. B6 - 0.1 mg;
    7. B9 - 80 μg;
    8. C - 55 mg;
    9. E - 2.5 mg;
    10. H - 0.1 μg;
    11. K- 482.9 mcg;
    12. PP - 1.2 mg;
    13. Choline - 18 mg.
  • Macro ndi kufufuza zinthu:

    1. Ca - 106 mg;
    2. Mg - 82 mg;
    3. Na - 24 mg;
    4. K - 774 mg;
    5. P - 83 mg;
    6. Fe - 13.51 mg;
    7. Zn - 0.53 mg;
    8. Cu - 13 μg;
    9. Mn - 0.897 mg;
    10. Se - 1 mcg.
Calories pa 100 gm ya mankhwala - 22 kcal. Chomeracho chimakhala ndi zinthu zolimbikitsa, masamba ali ndi diuretic ndi laxative effect. Sipinachi ndi wothandizira wabwino wa antibacterial, komanso amathandizira kulimbana ndi nkhawa ndi kubwezeretsa.

Contraindications

  • Urolithiasis ndi matenda a miyala yamwala.
  • Gallstone matenda.
  • Gout
  • Rheumatism.
  • Matenda a duodenum.

Kodi amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuti?

Akuphika

  • Ndiwonekedwe labwino kwambiri.
  • Yonjezerani zam'chitini kapena zam'chitini padera.
  • Sipinachi yamatsitsi amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati kudzazidwa kwa pies.
  • Masamba akuwonjezeredwa ku saladi, masamba ndi zakudya zokwanira.
  • Sipinachi nyama patties ndi yosavuta kukumba.

Poyerekeza ndi mitundu ina sitingathe kusokoneza kukoma kwa mbale, kuphatikizapo, koma mthunzi pang'ono chabe.

Mu mankhwala

  • Amagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza gastritis.
  • Kudya masamba a sipinachi ndi othandiza kwa kuchepa kwa magazi m'thupi komanso kuthamanga kwa magazi.
  • Thandizo lovuta kwambiri ndilofunika kwambiri pochiza enterocolitis.
  • Sipinachi imathandiza pa chithokomiro.
  • Amatha kuthetsa kutopa ndi kukhumudwa m'maso.
  • Kugwiritsiridwa ntchito kwa sipinachi nthaŵi zonse kumathandiza mano ndi chingwe.

Kodi kukoma kumasiyana bwanji?

Poyerekeza ndi mitundu ina mafuta sipinachi kukoma ndisalowerera, kwambirizokoma komanso zachifundo.

Kulima ndi kusamalira

Sipinachi imafuna kuti ikhale yachonde komanso yolemera mu nthaka yowonongeka bwino ndi madzi abwino. Kufika pa mchenga kapena kutayira mchenga ndibwino makamaka. Sipinachi imadyetsedwa kawirikawiri: masamba amakula mofulumira ndipo amatha kudziunjikira nitrates. Potash ndi feteleza za phosphate zingagwiritsidwe ntchito pa kugwa, mu nthaka yofulidwa.

Pakuti chikhalidwe chimafuna madzi okwanira, kupuma nthawi zonse ndi kumasula, pamene chomera chimadza masentimita khumi mu msinkhu, chodzala chiyenera kuchepetsedwa. Kuthirira kumachitika m'mawa ndi madzulo nyengo yamkuntho, ngati imvula mvula, osati m'mbuyomo masiku awiri.

Kutentha kumadalira dera la kulima, kotero, m'madera okhala ndi zizindikiro za chilimwe sizingafike kuposa 2020, sipinachi yotsuka mafuta imabzalidwa mu August-September kuti tipeze nthawi yokolola kumapeto kwa masika. Kwa madera ena mafuta sipinachi chikhalidwe wodzichepetsa ndipo amamva bwino kwambiri ndi zizindikiro za chilimwe za 25+ 27 madigiri.

Momwe mungabzala m'munda mutseguka?

Mbewu

  1. Kukonzekera Mbewu ndikuti amaikidwa m'madzi ofunda kwa masiku awiri, kenako amachotsedwa bwino.
  2. Bzalani sipinachi mu magawo awiri - mu kugwa, ndi mphukira zoyamba zikuwoneka posachedwa chisanu chimasungunuka, ndipo kumapeto.
  3. Pamene kumera kwa kasupe, ngati nthaka yayinganizidwa ndi mafuta, gwiritsani ntchito njira ya munda, kwa mitundu yonse ya nthaka, kubzala kumachitika m'mizere.
  4. Mu nthaka, pamtunda wa 25-30 masentimita, perekani mizere yozungulira, yakuya osaposa masentimita awiri kapena atatu.
  5. Bzalani ndi kutseka dothi lotayirira.
  6. Zitangoyamba kumera, zimayang'ana kuti zowonjezereka kwa mpweya zimakhala zokwanira, chifukwa nthaka imasulidwa.

Mbande

  1. Mu mmera mosiyana ndi kulima, mbewu zimabzalidwa mu miphika ya peat.
  2. Kufika kumapezeka mu April-May.
  3. Mbande imayikidwa pamtunda wa masentimita asanu kapena khumi kuchokera kwa wina ndi mzake, ikani mphika mu dzenje ndi kuwaza ndi dziko lapansi.
Zowonjezereka kwambiri, komanso kukhala ndi ufulu wosankha kuika - mbande zopanda mabokosi kapena mapulasitiki. Zomwe zimabzalazi zimayikidwa mu nthaka mwa njira yosinthira.

Mbali za kukula kunyumba

Sipinachi yamapiritsi imathandizanso kuti kulima kwanu. - kumapangidwe okwera, pazenera za kumwera. Ngati mawindo akuyang'ana kumpoto, muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito kuunikira kwina. Kufesa kumachitika miphika ya maluwa mwezi uliwonse, chifukwa chakuti sipinachi imagwiritsidwa ntchito masabata osachepera asanu ndi atatu. Momwemo, mungathe kukhazikitsa maluwa okongola. Mbewu zomwe zinapulumuka kudulidwa angapo ndi kupereka mivi zimachotsedwa kuzu.

Kufika kwa njira ndi motere:

  1. Pansi pa mbiya ziwiri-lita ndikuika ngalande.
  2. Kusakaniza kwa nthaka kungatengedwe kwa zomera za mkati.
  3. Mbewu imakula kwambiri kuposa centimita imodzi, kuthiridwa ndi yokutidwa ndi filimu.
  4. Pambuyo pakuyamba kwa mbande, ili pafupi sabata, filimuyo imachotsedwa.
  5. Kutentha kokwanira + 15+ 18 madigiri.
  6. Kusamalira ndiko kuthirira ndi kuthirira feteleza kamodzi masiku khumi (mungagwiritse ntchito feteleza m'nyumba zodyera).

Choncho sipinachi sichitha msinkhu wonse, nthawi zonse imapopedwa kapena kawiri pa sabata, yosambitsidwa ndi jet kuchokera ku osamba.

Nthawi yokolola?

Kuwoneka pa chomera cha masamba 6 mpaka 8, chizindikiro choti sipinachi ikhoza kusonkhanitsidwa. Nthawi yotsiriza yokolola - maonekedwe a maluwa mapesi. Mukhoza kusonkhanitsa m'njira zosiyanasiyana: mow, kudula kapena kukoka ndi mizu.

Kumene angagule mbewu?

Mbewu ndi mbande zingagulidwe mwapadera m'masitolo. Ngati njira yosabzala mbewu imasankhidwa, m'pofunika kumvetsera kuti mbeuyo ikhale yatsopano.

Mbande kupeza mu gawo la masamba awiri kapena atatu. Sitiyenera kuonongeka ndi kumadzulo.

Mtengo wa mbewu za Moscow ndi St. Petersburg uli pakati pa 25 mpaka 50 rubles, malingana ndi wopanga. Mbande ku Moscow zikhoza kugulidwa pa mtengo wa ruble 40 kwa msana, ku St. Petersburg - 30-35 rubles.

Matenda ndi tizirombo

Sipinachi yamatsenga imayenderana ndi mitundu yonse ya kuvunda: Muzu kapena pamwamba pa chomera:

  • Fusarium;
  • malingaliro;
  • chiwonetsero;
  • zokopa, nkhaka.

Mphutsi za ntchentche za migodi zimawononga kwambiri mbewu. Pofuna kupewa matenda, muyenera kudzala sipinachi kutali ndi beets komanso nthawi yochotsa zomera zomwe zakhudzidwa.

Sizomwe zimakhala zovuta kupeza zokolola za sipinachi zowonongeka pamunda ndi pakhomo, kupatsidwa chithunzithunzi cha mbeu ndi njira zosavuta zolima. Ngakhale woyang'anira munda amatha kuthana ndi ntchitoyi. Aliyense akhoza kukula sipinachi mu kalasi iyi..

Nkhani Yosangalatsa