Ngati mukufuna mapeyala kukula pa kanyumba kanu ka chilimwe mitundu ya Svetlyanka, muyenera kudziwidziwa bwino ndi zinthu zazikuluzikuluzi, komanso kubzala ndi kusamalira mitengo.
Ndemanga yeniyeni ya zosiyana siyana ndi zojambula zomwe mudzawona zomwe peyala ya Svetlyanka ikuwoneka m'nkhani yotsatirayi.
Kodi ndi mapeyala otani?
Zosiyanasiyana zimatengedwa mpaka oyambirira autumn mitundu ya mapeyalachifukwa zipatso zake zimafika kukhwima kale kumayambiriro kwa September. Malingana ndi mtundu wa fruiting, mapeyala osiyanasiyanawa amatanthauza mitundu yosiyanasiyana.
Mitundu ya m'dzinja imaphatikizansopo: Talgar wokongola, Tatyana, Bere Bosk, Larinskaya ndi Perun.
Mbiri yobereketsa ndi dera loswana
Ogwira ntchito a GNU All-Russian Research Institute of Genetics ndi Kusankha Zipatso Zomera zimatchulidwa I.V. Michurin, monga S.P. Yakovlev, P.N. Yakovlev ndi A. P. Gribanovsky.
Iwo anadutsa peyala zosiyanasiyana Chiweto cha Clapp ndi wosakanizidwa Mbewu Ussurian Cha Bere Ligel, zomwe zimayambitsa mtundu watsopano.
Mu 2002 iye analoledwa kukula Chigawo chapakati.
Mapeyala ndi abwino kwambiri kubzala m'derali: Pepala la Duchess, Chudesnitsa, Fairytale, Silent Don ndi January.
Fotokozani mitundu Svetlyanka
Ganizirani mosiyana mawonekedwe a mtengo ndi zipatso.
Mtengo
Mitundu ya mitengo imasiyana kutalika kwa msinkhu ndi korona wowongolerakukhala ndi mawonekedwe mapiramidi. Amapatsa mphukira yosalala ndi mtundu wofiirira, wokhala ndi malingaliro osiyanasiyana. Mphukira yaying'ono imakhala yofanana.
Masamba a mitengo iyi ndi ovunda ndi osakaniza. Chifukwa tsamba la tsamba limadziwika ndi kukhalapo kwa zipsinjo zabwino za serrate kumphepete ndi kupingasa pang'ono kumtunda. Ndi wobiriwira komanso wosalala. Zomwe zimakhala zochepa zokhala ndi kutalika kwake.
Chipatso
Chiwerengero cha kulemera kwa chipatso ndicho kuyambira magalamu 90 mpaka 120.
Zotsatira za zipatso mawonekedwe oyang'ana bwino ndi khungu losalalaomwe ali ndi zokuta sera sera. Panthawi ya kukhwima kochotsedwa, zipatso zimapeza mtundu wobiriwira ndipo patapita kanthawi amasintha mtundu golide wachikasu.
M'dera laling'ono la chipatso, munthu amatha kuona mtundu wofiira, womwe uli ndi mtundu wofiira.
Zipatso za Svetlyanka mitundu ya mapeyala zimakhala ndi tsinde lopangidwa ndi sing'anga komanso nthanda. Mkati mwa chipatso muli mbewu zakuda zakuda.
Creamy mafuta zipatso zamkati amadziwika ndi sing'anga osalimba ndi wosakhwima kapangidwe.
Zili choncho kwa iye palibe granulation ndi juiciness. Zili ndi katundu kukoma kokoma ndi kowawasa ndi fungo lokoma. Mwa kulawa kwambiri peyala zipatso Mitundu ya Svetlyanka imayikidwa pa mfundo 4.5.
Chithunzi
Zizindikiro
Zaka 5-6 zitatha Mukhoza kuyembekezera kuti chipatso chiwoneke ku peyala ya Svetlyanka. Zipatso zikhale okhwima kumayambiriro kwa Septemberndipo mukhoza kusunga kwa masiku 90.
Izi zosiyanasiyana zimakhala zabwino zokolola komanso zabwino kwambiri chisanu kukanamonga wokhoza kupirira kutentha kwafungo mpaka madigiri 35 Celsius. Svetlyanka sasowa pear pollinator.
Hera, Krasulia, Dekabrinka, Dessert Rossoshanskaya ndi Karataevskaya amasonyezanso bwino kukana chisanu.
Kubzala ndi kusamalira
Nthawi yabwino yopanga peyala ya Svetlyanka ndi m'dzinjakoma ngati mukufuna kukwera kumapeto, ndiye muyenera kukonzekera maenje kuti izi zigwe.
Koposa zonsezi, mitengoyi idzaona nthaka yosalala, yomwe imathandiza kuti mpweya ndi chinyezi zifike kumidzi. Ndizotheka ngati dothi liri ndi dothi, lomwe lingathandize chinyezi kukhala pafupi ndi mizu ya mtengo.
Kuyala maenje ayenera kukonzedwa mu dzuwa, koma osati malo otentha kwambiri munda wanu. Kuzama kwa dzenje liyenera kukhala pafupifupi masentimita 40 mpaka 50, ndi m'kati - pafupifupi mamita 1. Ndi zofunika kuti maenje analipo kuchokera kumwera, kumadzulo kapena kumwera chakumadzulo.
Nthaka yomwe idakumbidwa kunja kwa dzenje iyenera kusakanizidwa ndi feteleza, zomwe zingakhale zovunda. manyowa, peat kapena kompositi, komanso feteleza zamchere, kuphatikizapo phosphorous ndi potaziyamu. M'nthaka ya acidic ndikofunikira onjezerani mandimu ndi phulusa.
Choyamba muyenera kupanga phiri laling'ono la nthaka pansi pa dzenje, pakati pake ayendetseni ndodo. Pambuyo pa izi, nkofunikira kuyika sapling mu dzenje ndikugawana mosamala mizu yake pamtunda. Tambani dzenje ndi dziko ndikuliphwanya ndi slam.
Mwamsanga mutabzala, pangani mtengo kuzungulira. dothi lozungulira ndi kutsanulira zidebe ziwiri zamadzi kumeneko. Pomwe iyo imalowa, sungani nthaka ndi kumangiriza mtengo ku khola, osati kukukoka kwambiri.
Njira yabwino yothirira mitengoyi ndi kuwaza, koma mutha kutsanulira madzi mumng'oma akukumba kuzungulira mtengowo. Pamtunda umodzi wamtundu wa bwalolo padzakhala ndowa zitatu zokwanira za madzi.
Chimodzi mwa zinthu za mtundu wa Svetlyanka ndizozoloŵera kuchepetsa kukula kwa chipatso pamene korona ikukulirakulira, motero ndi kofunika kuti nthawi zonse muzitenge.
Pangani nthaka pamene peyala ikukula Svetlyanka, organic feteleza amalimbikitsidwa kamodzi pa zaka zitatu, ndi mineral feteleza ziyenera kupangidwa pachakakuyambira chaka chachiwiri mutabzala mitengo.
Chenjerani! Mitundu yambiri imakhala yovuta kuzizira, choncho m'nyengo yozizira mitengoyi sungakhoze kuphimbidwa.
Matenda ndi tizirombo
Zosiyanasiyana ali ndi chiopsezo chowonjezeka ku matenda onse odziwika a mapeyala ndi tiziromboChoncho, mitengo ya zosiyanazi safunikira chitetezo china.
Kukaniza matenda kumasonyezedwa ndi mitundu: Lyra, Rogneda, Bere Bosk, Lada, ndi Pet Yakovlev.
Zotsatira za peyala ya peyala ya Svetlyanka imakhala ndi makhalidwe abwino ndipo imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pokonza ma preforms osiyanasiyana. Chokhacho chokha ndi chakuti ngati nthawi yayitali yosungirako, zipatso zina zingayambe kuvunda.
Komabe, zotsatirazi zazing'ono zimaperekedwa chifukwa cha ubwino wa peyala wotere, monga kuwonjezeka kwotsutsa matenda komanso kutentha kwa chisanu.
