Chilendo cha XXI century - tomato zosiyanasiyana "Olya" f1: zizindikiro zazikulu, kufotokoza ndi chithunzi

Ngakhale mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya phwetekere ya "Olya" idapangidwa posachedwa, yatha kale kupambana chifundo cha alimi ambiri a ndiwo zamasamba.

Ngati mukufuna kukula tomato mu kanyumba kanu ka chilimwe, phunzirani pasadakhale za zochitika za kulima kwawo. Mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya tomato inalengedwa ndi obereketsa ku Russia kumayambiriro kwa zaka za XXI.

Nyamayi Olya f1 idaphatikizidwa mu Register Register kwa North Caucasus dera kuti kulima poyera pansi. Mu nyengo yotentha, imatha kukula mchaka chonse m'madera onse.

Matimati Olya F1: mafotokozedwe osiyanasiyana

Zimakhala ndi mitundu yambiri ya tomato ndipo zimapindulitsa kwambiri kubzala. Amadziwika ndi tchire chodabwitsa kwambiri, chomwe sichiyenera. Pamwamba pa tchire nthawi zambiri zimakhala ndi masentimita 100 mpaka 120. Amadziwika ndi ofooka masamba ndi ofooka nthambi. About indeterminantny sukulu werengani pano.

Masambawa ndi obiriwira mobiriwira ndipo kaŵirikaŵiri amatsitsa. Ndi nthawi yakucha, izi zosiyanasiyana phwetekere ndi oyambirira yakucha mitundu. Zipatso zimakula kufika pa zana lachisanu ndi chiwiri mutatha kuphuka kwa mbande ndi kubwezeretsedwe kwa kulima, ndi kucha m'masika ndi chilimwe masiku makumi asanu ndi anayi ndi zana limodzi.

Pakuti phwetekere za zosiyanasiyanazi zimadziwika ndi mapangidwe atatu a maburashi kamodzi, omwe amakhwima panthawi yomweyo. Pa chitsamba chimodzi maburashi amenewa akhoza kupangidwa mu kuchuluka kwa zikwi khumi ndi zisanu. Mitundu yowonjezerayi imasonyeza kuti imakhala yotsutsa matenda monga cladosporiosis, zithunzi za fodya, nematode ndi fusarium. Phwetekere "Olya" akhoza kukhala wamkulu onse wowonjezera kutentha zinthu ndi lotseguka pansi.

Zipatso zosapsa za mitundu yosiyanasiyana ndi zobiriwira, ndipo zikakhwima, zimakhala zofiira. Iwo amadziwika ndi kukula kwake ndi mawonekedwe ophwanyika pang'ono. Mimba mwake imakhala pakati pa makumi asanu ndi limodzi ndi makumi asanu ndi awiri.

Chipatso cha phwetekere "Olya" chingakhale ndi zipinda zinayi kapena zisanu ndi chimodzi. Lili ndi 5.3% mpaka 6.4% la nkhani youma.. Kulemera kwa chipatso nthawi zambiri kumakhala 130-140 magalamu, koma kumatha kufika 180. Chimodzi mwa zozizwitsa za tomato zosiyanasiyana ndikuti zipatso zonse zomwe zimakula pamtunda umodzi zimakhala zolemera zofanana ndi kukula kwake.

M'munsimu mukhoza kuwona za kulemera kwa zipatso za mitundu ina ya tomato:

Chithunzi

Zizindikiro

Chifukwa cha kukoma kwake kosangalatsa ndi kowawasa, tomatowa akhoza kugwiritsidwa ntchito pophika saladi ndi ntchito zatsopano, ndi kusungidwa. Mtundu wa phwetekere "Olya" amatanthauza mitundu yololera. Ngati mumamusamalira bwino, ndiye kuti muli ndi mita imodzi yosanjikiza mungathe kusonkhanitsa makilogalamu 25 a tomato.

Mukhoza kuyerekeza zokolola ndi mitundu ina mu tebulo ili m'munsimu:

Zizindikiro za kukula

Kukula izi kumalo otseguka, mu wowonjezera kutentha, pansi pa filimu, kapena mu polycarbonate wowonjezera kutentha, muyenera kuyamba choyamba mmera. Choyamba muyenera kukonzekera nthaka yabwino. Iyenera kukhala ndi gawo limodzi la peat, gawo limodzi la utuchi ndi magawo awiri a dziko lapansi lotentha.

Udzu uyenera kukhala wodzaza ndi madzi otentha, ndipo kawiri kutsanulira ndi yankho la urea, kubweretsedwa ku chithupsa. Pofuna kukonza njirayi m'madzi imodzi otentha mumayenera kupasuka supuni imodzi ya urea.

Mu chidebe chimodzi cha kusakaniza dothi, onjezerani mabokosi awiri ophwanyika a nkhuku mazira, komanso theka la lita imodzi ya phulusa ndi supuni ziwiri kapena zitatu za superphosphate kapena potaziyamu sulphate. Mutatha kusakaniza bwino, tsitsani madzi otentha potassium permanganate m'nthaka, ndipo dikirani mpaka dziko lapansi litakhazikika pansi ndikudzaza ndi chidebe kuti mbeu ikhale yabwino ndithu.

Mbeu ziyenera kuchitika mu March, ndipo mu May mukhoza kubzala mbande pamalo otseguka. Perekani chitsamba chilichonse chilimbikitso, chizimangiriza ndipo patatha masiku zana mukhoza kuyembekezera maonekedwe a mbewu. Chomera sichimafuna msipu pambuyo pakuwonekera koyamba burashi, koma imafuna nthawi zonse kutsirira ndi mchere-organic feteleza.

Monga feteleza wa tomato, mungagwiritse ntchito:

• Organic.
• Mitengo yamchere.
• Iodini
• Yiti
• Hyrojeni peroxide.
• Amoniya.
• Phulusa.
• Boric acid.

Kuphatikizana kumathandizira kuthetsa udzu.

Ubwino wa mitundu ya phwetekere "Olya":

• chokolola chachikulu;
• kukana kutentha ndi kutentha;
• matenda;
• Kulekerera bwino kuunika kokwanira;
• Makhalidwe apamwamba a zipatso.

Chokhacho chokhacho chimatchedwa chowonadi kuti chitsamba chilichonse cha tomato chimafuna chithandizo chodalirika ndi chokhazikika, chimene muyenera kuchiyang'anira pasadakhale.

Ŵerengani pa webusaiti yathu: Kodi mungakonzekere bwanji dothi mu wowonjezera kutentha? Kodi ndi nthaka yotani yomwe ikuyenera kukula tomato koposa zonse ndi nthaka yanji?

Nchifukwa chiyani kukula kokonda, fungicides ndi tizilombo? Kodi ndi mfundo zotani za kukula kwa mitundu yoyambirira ya mlimi aliyense ayenera kudziwa?

Matenda ndi tizirombo

Ngakhale kuti phwetekere ya "Olya" f1 imakhala yovuta kwambiri ku matenda ambiri, imatha kudwala matenda monga kuchepa kwala, kuvunda ndi bulauni malo. Kwa vuto lochedwa kwambiri lomwe limadziwika ndi maonekedwe a bulauni pama masamba a zomera ndi mdima mkati.

Zipatso zimakhalanso ndi mabala a bulauni. Pofuna kupewa matendawa, phwetekere za tomato ziyenera kuthandizidwa ndi yankho la mankhwala "Chosemphana" tsiku la makumi awiri mutabzala mutseguka. Pambuyo pa masiku makumi awiri, tikulimbikitsidwa kuti tipeze chithandizo ndi njira "Zopinga"

Pamene zizindikiro zoyamba za matenda zikuwonekera, zomera zimatha kupepetsedwa ndi njira yothetsera adyo kapena mpweya, mapiritsi awiri omwe ayenera kupasuka mu malita khumi a madzi. Kuchotsa mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya zowola ndi zofiira zomera ndi dothi ziyenera kuchitidwa ndi njira yothetsera mkuwa wa sulfate. Werengani zambiri za njira zotetezera phytophthora komanso za mitundu yomwe singathe kutenga matendawa.

Pa webusaiti yathu mudzapeza zambiri zothandiza zokhudza matenda a phwetekere m'mitengo ya greenhouses ndi njira zothana nazo, za mitundu yodzikweza kwambiri yomwe ili ndi chitetezo chabwino. Komanso za matenda ofala monga Alternaria, Fusarium, Verticillis.

Mitundu ya tomato "Olya" ingakhudzidwe ndi tizirombo ngati:

• Medvedka, yomwe ingathandize kuthana ndi mankhwala "Bingu";
• whitefly, kuchotsa zomwe zikufunikira kugwiritsa ntchito Fosbecid.

Mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya phwetekere "Olya" f1, imakhala yodzichepetsa, kotero ngakhale woyang'anira minda amatha kukula. Ndipo mosamala bwino kukolola kwa tomato zokoma sikudzakhalitsa.

Timalangizanso kuti mudzidziwe ndi mitundu ina ya phwetekere yomwe ili ndi mawu osiyana: