Dzuwa laling'ono pawindo - kulima phwetekere "Orange" ndi "Yellow Riding Hood"

Mitundu yabwino ya tomato yosavuta imakhala yabwino, sichifuna chisamaliro chapadera, ikhoza kukula pakhomo miphika ya maluwa. Zosiyanasiyana "Orange Cap" ndi "Yellow Cap" ziri monga choncho.

Zomwe zinayambitsidwa ndi oweta ku Russia, woyambitsa ndi Research Institute of Vegetable Growing. Analembedwa mu Register Register ya Russian Federation kulima panja ndi mphika chikhalidwe mu 2011.

M'nkhani yathu mudzapeza zambiri zothandiza zokhudza tomato izi: malongosoledwe a mitundu, zizindikiro zawo ndi kukula kwake.

Chipewa chachikasu ndi cha Orange: kufotokoza mitundu

Mitundu iyi imasiyana kokha ndi mtundu wa zipatso, malingana ndi mtundu wa chitsamba, mawonekedwe a chipatso, mlingo wa kucha - ndi ofanana. Zomera zimadziwika. Chomera chokhacho sichitenga kubzala kukula, zimakula kufika pamtunda ndipo zimayendetsa mphamvu zonse kuti zikule zipatso. About indeterminantny sukulu werengani pano.

Mwa mtundu wa chitsamba - muyezo. Chitsamba chomera nthawi zambiri chimakhala chaching'ono, chophatikizidwa, mizu yayamba bwino. Chomeracho sichimafuna kukanikiza ndi kumangiriza. Tsinde losagonjetsedwa, lamphamvu, losapitirira 50 cm pamwamba, kawirikawiri 20-30 masentimita. Lili ndi maburashi angapo a mtundu wosavuta. Mzuwo sungapangidwe bwino, kukula pang'ono, kukula m'njira zosiyana popanda kukulitsa.

Masamba ndi osakanikirana, kukula kwa mdima, mawonekedwe a phwetekere, kapangidwe ka makwinya, amakhala ndi chizoloŵezi chopotoza. Palibe pubescence. Inflorescence ndi yophweka, mtundu wamkati. Inflorescence yoyamba imayikidwa pa masamba 5 - 6, kenako imabwera ndi tsamba la tsamba 1, nthawizina popanda phokoso.

Sungani ndi kutchula. Zipatso pambewu zimasungidwa bwino. Malingana ndi mlingo wa kusasitsa, ndi mitundu yosiyana siyana, itatha mphukira 80 - 90 masiku asanafike nthawi yokolola. Ali ndi chiwerengero chachikulu chotsutsa fodya, Alternaria, verticillosis, Fusarium. Sili ndi nthawi yovuta kwambiri chifukwa cha kusasitsa mwamsanga.

Zokonzera ulimi wowonjezera kutentha, kutseguka pansi ndi kutsekemera (pansi pa filimuyi, mu wowonjezera kutentha) ndi kulima mitundu monga kubzala - pa khonde kapena pawindo. Zokolola kuchokera ku chitsamba chimodzi cha "Caps" iliyonse ndi pafupi 0,5 makilogalamu. Kuchokera pa 1 sq.m. Mukhoza kutenga pafupifupi makilogalamu 1.5, nthawi zina mpaka 3 makilogalamu. Pamene nyengo yozizira idzala chipinda sichidzabala chipatso popanda kuwonetsera kwina.

Mukhoza kufanizitsa chizindikiro ichi ndi mitundu ina mu tebulo ili m'munsimu:

Werenganinso pa webusaiti yathu: Kodi mungatani kuti mukhale ndi tomato zokoma mu wowonjezera kutentha chaka chonse? Ndi mitundu iti yomwe ili ndi chitetezo chokwanira komanso zabwino zokolola?

Kodi mungapeze bwanji zokolola zabwino kumunda? Zobisika zimakula kukula koyamba kwa tomato.

Chithunzi

Mphamvu ndi zofooka

Zina mwa ubwino wa tomato nthawi zambiri zimadziwika:

• kukula;
• zipatso zabwino;
• makhalidwe abwino;
• kukana matenda aakulu.

Zoipa zikuphatikizapo:

• zokolola zochepa;
• nthawi yosungirako;
• zoyendetsa bwino.

Zizindikiro

Maonekedwe a mitundu yonseyi ndi yozungulira. Makwinya ang'onoang'ono - pafupifupi masentimita 3-4 masentimita, kulemera kwa 30 g. Khungu ndi lakuda, lakuda, losalala, lowala. Mtundu wa zipatso zosapsa umakhala wobiriwira. Zipatso zakupsa za "Orange Hat" zili ndi lalanje kapena mdima wonyezimira, pamene "Yellow Hat" ili ndi kuwala kofiira ndi chikasu.

Nyama ndi yofewa, yowutsa mudyo. Pali mbewu zochepa, zimagawidwa mogawanika m'zipinda ziwiri. Chiwerengero cha mankhwala owuma ndi ochepa. Kusungirako sikukhala kwa nthawi yayitali, njira yolondola idzakuthandizira kupitiriza kusungirako - kusungira pamalo amdima m'chipinda chosungiramo kutentha, popanda madontho odzidzimutsa (ololedwa nthawi +/- madigiri 5).

Maulendo ndi oipa, zipatso zimataya mwamsanga mawonekedwe awo. Maphunziro a kukonda makhalidwe ndi abwino kwambiri, amadziwa zonunkhira zabwino ndi zokoma za tomato, zokoma kuposa za tomato wofiira. Ali ndi zakudya zambiri, osati chifukwa cha chifuwa. Ndibwino kugwiritsa ntchito mwatsopano, koma pambuyo pozizira kapena kutentha tomato zimathandizanso.

Zokwanira kusungira zipatso zonse - khungu lakuda silingalole kuti tomato awonongeke. Zokonzedweratu kupanga zokolola za phwetekere zoyambirira, ketchup, sauces ndi madzi.

Mukhoza kuyerekeza kulemera kwa tomato ndi ena mu tebulo ili m'munsimu:

Zizindikiro za kukula

Ndili wosagonjetsedwa ndi kupyola chipatso pa chomeracho. Zipatso zimawonongeka chifukwa cha kusintha kwadzidzidzi kwa chinyezi chifukwa cha kusiyana pakati pa usana ndi usiku kutentha. Ndikofunika kulamulira chinyezi pamene muthirira mbewu. Siziyenera kupitirira 60% mutakula.

Mu malo otentha kapena m'nyumba zingamere kudera lililonse. Malo okonda kwambiri kulima m'madera otseguka ndi madera akumwera.

Kulima kwa Orange ndi Yellow Caps kuyenera kuyamba ndi kufesa mbewu kwa mbande. Mbewu iyenera kukhala yotetezedwa ndi tizilombo tochepa mu njira yochepa ya potaziyamu permanganate - ikani ola limodzi, ndiye yambani ndi madzi ofunda. Nthaka, ngati sigulidwe m'masitolo apadera, iyenso iwonongeke.

Ndikofunikira! Nthaka yobzala tomato, muyenera kusankha loamy, mungathe mchenga, bwino-mpweya, ndi acidity low.

Momwe mungasakanire nthaka ya tomato mosamalitsa kuwerenga m'nkhaniyi. Komanso za mtundu wa nthaka tomato amakonda greenhouses ndi momwe bwino kukonzekera nthaka mu wowonjezera kutentha kwa kasupe kubzala.

Nthaka yotentha pakabzala iyenera kukhala madigiri 25. Mbewu kumapeto kwa March kapena kumayambiriro kwa April amabzalidwa m'kati mwake, osaya kwambiri ndi mtunda wa masentimita awiri, wina wakuya 2 masentimita. Nthaka imagwidwa ndi kuthiridwa ndi madzi ofunda. Phimbani ndi zinthu zowonjezera zomwe sizingalole kutuluka kwa madzi - polyethylene, pulasitiki, galasi lofewa. Chinyezi mu thanki chidzapangitsa kuti mbeu imere kumera;

Pambuyo pa mphukira zambiri zimaphimba kuchotsa. Mbande kuthirira ngati pakufunika. Pamene timapepala timene timapanga zomera, ndi koyenera kusankha. Kusankha - kubzala zomera pamakina (300 ml). Ayenera kupanga mapangidwe amphamvu mu mbande. Feteleza akhoza kuwonjezeredwa ku zitsulo.

Dyetsani kudya kawiri kawiri. Mbeu zovuta zimatha sabata imodzi isanafike pamalo odalirika. Ngati mukufuna kukonza tomato kunyumba, kuumitsa sikofunikira. Ali ndi zaka 50-55 mbande zingaperekedwe. Ndi kukula kwina, khalani osungira nthawi (filimu). Mu kutentha kapena kutseguka kwadothi kumapanga mtunda wa masentimita 50 kuchokera kwa wina ndi mnzake.

Kuthirira kumaperekedwa pansi pa muzu wochuluka. Kutsegula, kupalira - ngati n'kofunikira. Kusasaka kapena kupanga chitsamba sikofunikira. Kumanga sikofunikira, tsinde ndi dzanja zimatha kupirira zipatso zazing'ono. Kulimbitsa thupi mukakulira pamabedi - pempho.

Werengani zambiri za feteleza zonse za tomato.:

• Yatsamba, ayodini, phulusa, hydrogen peroxide, ammonia, boric acid.
• Organic, mineral, phosphoric, zovuta, okonzeka.
• Mizu yowonjezera, kwa mmera, pakusankha.
• MUTU.

Momwe mungamvekere tomato mungathe kuwona pa vidiyo ili pansipa:

Matenda ndi tizirombo

Ngakhalenso ndi matenda omwe amalonjezedwa, zowononga (biological sprayings) ndi zofunika. Gwiritsani ntchito makonzedwe apadera a zochita zambiri - motsutsana ndi matenda ndi tizirombo. Komanso chitani mankhwala ophera tizilombo ndi dothi, motero tipewe matenda ena nthawi yomweyo.

Tikukufotokozerani nkhani yokhudza matenda akuluakulu a tomato mu greenhouses ndi njira zolimbana nazo. Komanso, zomwe zimachitika mofulumira kwambiri, momwe mungatetezere zomera kuchokera mmenemo ndi mitundu iti simumavutikira chifukwa chochedwa choipitsa.

Ponena za tizirombo, vuto lalikulu ndi kachilomboka ka Colorado mbatata, thrips, nsabwe za m'masamba, akangaude ndi slugs. Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tidzasunga tizilombo, njira zotsimikizirika zidzathandiza polimbana ndi slugs.

Tomato "Orange Cap" ndi "Yellow Cap" - njira yabwino yopitira kunyumba. Zipatsozo ndizochepa, koma zosangalatsa kwambiri.

Mu tebulo ili m'munsimu mudzapeza zokhudzana ndi mitundu ya tomato ndi mawu osiyana: