Oxalis kapena oxalis (kuchokera ku Latin) Oxalis - "wowawasa") ndi a mtundu wa herbaceous pachaka ndi osatha zomera za Banja Losauka. Amakulira panja, koma mpweya umakhala wokondweretsa kunyumba. Zikuwoneka ngati zokongola, osati chifukwa cha maluwa okongola okha, komanso masamba osangalatsa. Oxalis (Kislitza) amakondweretsa eni ake ndi zokoma za maluwa.
Mukudziwa? Madzulo a Khirisimasi m'mayiko ambiri, mphika wa acidic ndi wofunika kwambiri. Amapatsidwa kwa achibale, abwenzi ndi achibale monga chizindikiro cha chimwemwe ndi mwayi.Anthu omwe sankachita zokolola, koma akufuna kukula chomera chodabwitsachi, adzatha kupeza mfundo zothandiza kwambiri m'nkhaniyi. Nazi njira zabwino zowonjezera, kusamalira, kuswana ndi kuchiza nsomba za asidi.
Kodi ndi zinthu zotani zomwe zimafunika m'nyumba kuti mukhale ndi kislitsy?
Oxalis amachokera ku mayiko otentha, omwe amatha kunena za zinthu zina zomwe ziyenera kuganiziridwa pamene zikukula pakhomo.
Mukudziwa? Pafupifupi, pali mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya Acacia pafupifupi 800. Amakula osati ku Europe, South ndi North America, ngakhale kuti mitundu yambiri imabwera kuchokera pomwepo. Dziko la Brazil limaonedwa kuti ndi malo obadwira a Kislitsa, komwe wakhala akulimidwa kwa zaka mazana ambiri pofuna kukongoletsera.Chinthu chachikulu mu bizinesi ili ndi kusankha malo abwino ndikuwonetsa mphamvu ya kutentha. Ngakhale kuti oksijeni si chomera chofunika kwambiri, kusagwirizana ndi zikhalidwe zofunika kumakhudza kwambiri kukula ndi maonekedwe a chitsamba. Masamba ali ndi chinthu chochititsa chidwi: mvula yamtambo, amawaza, ndipo m'mawa amatseguka, omwe nthawi zina oxalis amatchedwa "maluwa ngati butterfly."
Ikani m'nyumba ndi kuunikira
Chomerachi chimafuna kuunikira bwino. Ngati n'kotheka, ikani mphika ndi chitsamba kumadzulo kapena mbali ya kumwera kwa chipindacho. Ngati duwa limakula kumbali ya kumpoto, pangakhale chitsimikizo china choonjezera. Oxalis nthawi zambiri imabzalidwa mu mphika wa maluwa, nthawi zina miphika. M'nyengo ya chilimwe, imatha kukhazikitsidwa kumunda wamunda.
Mukudziwa? Dzina lina lotchuka la Kislitsa ndi "maluwa usana ndi usiku" chifukwa cha kusuntha masamba ake usiku kapena nyengo yoipa.
Kutentha kwake: nyengo ya chilimwe-yozizira
M'chilimwe, mpweya wabwino umakhala wabwino pamene kutentha kumasiyanasiyana kuyambira 20 mpaka 25 °. Kumayambiriro kwa nyengo yoziziritsa, duwa limalowa mu mpumulo wa mpumulo, choncho, chifukwa cha acidic panthawiyi, kutentha kumakhala mkati mwa 14- + 18 °.
Mmene mungasamalire tart kunyumba
Kugwirizana ndi zinthu zomwe tafotokozazi sizowopsya, ndiye ganizirani mfundo zazikulu mu chisamaliro cha asidi. Ngakhale kuti amakonda kuwala kowala, kumbukirani kuti dzuwa limatha kuwotcha masamba, kusiya kutentha ndi maonekedwe achikasu ndi achikasu. Kuonjezerapo, chomeracho chiyenera kuthiriridwa bwino komanso panthawi yake.
Kuthirira ndi chinyezi
Mpweya wokhala ndi thupi umakonda chinyezi. Ngati nyumba yanu ili yotentha, ndiye kuti maluwawo ayenera kupopedwa tsiku ndi tsiku ndi madzi kutentha ndi kuthirira osachepera 2-3 pa sabata. Pambuyo pa kuyamba kwa nyengo yozizira madzi okwanira ayenera kukhala ochepa ku nthaka anakhalabe onyowa, ndi kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa ayenera kupatula.
Ndikofunikira! Zinthu zingakhale zosiyana kwambiri ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya nsalu. Mwachitsanzo, mu zosiyanasiyana za "Deppie" tartfish, kutalika kwa gawo la kugona kumakhala mwezi wa December - kumapeto kwa January, ndipo kuthirira sikukusowa panthawi ino, tulo "Pink" limayamba mu October ndipo limatha mpaka kumapeto kwa November, ndipo madzulo
Pewani kuthirira kapena kuwonjezera kukula kwake pamene mbeuyo ikuyamba kusonyeza mphukira zazing'ono. Pambuyo pake, akulimbikitsanso kupititsa mbewu ku chipinda chotentha, ngati n'kotheka.
Kudya zakudya
Oxalis ayenera kubadwira kuchokera mu April mpaka September (panthawi ya ntchito yogwira kukula ndi maluwa). Zidzakhala zokwanira kuchita izi kamodzi pa milungu itatu iliyonse. Manyowa amchere ndi abwino kwambiri, makamaka ovuta. Zomwe munakumana nazo wamaluwa pa nkhani iyi molimbikitsidwa kugwiritsa ntchito njira yothetsera ndondomeko 2 zofooka kuposa zomwe zikuwonetsedwa ndi wopanga mu malangizo.
Momwe mungasinthire tart mu mphika watsopano
Sakanizani wowawasa pachaka. Pambuyo pa nthawi yopumula, m'pofunika kuti musabzalitse imodzi koma anyezi angapo kapena mitsempha, pamodzi ndi kuwonjezera kwa madzi. Poto wowawasa ndi bwino kuti ukhale wochuluka. Mtsitsi, mphamvu ndi madzi ayenera kukhala zatsopano.
Ngati chomeracho chinapatsidwa chisamaliro choyenera, ndiye kuti chaka chonse chikukula bwino ndipo chimaoneka ngati chitsamba chobiriwira. Pa nthawi imodzimodziyo, kusindikizidwa kwa kislitsy kumakhala mwambo wamakhalidwe ukalamba. Ndi bwino kutenga mphika waukulu ngati sichikukonzekera kapena kuchotsa gawo la chomera. Ngati gawo lomwe mukukonzekera kuchotsa, ndiye kukula kwa chidebe sikungasinthe.
Ndikofunikira! Nthaŵi yoyenera yowokera oxalis ndi masika.
Lembani chotengera chatsopano ndi madzi (pafupifupi theka). Izi ziyenera kuonetsetsa kuti madzi akumwa komanso kupewa mavuto okhudzana ndi ulimi wothirira. Pambuyo pake timagona gawo lapansi. Mukhoza kugula ku shopu lililonse la maluwa kapena kuphika nokha. Kuti muchite izi, tenga gawo lofanana ndi mchenga, mtsinje, masamba ndi humus. Kuwonjezera apo, wamaluwa odziwa bwino amalimbikitsa kuwonjezera kokonati kakang'ono ku gawo lapansi. Malo abwino ndi ofunikira kwambiri.
Pa nthawi yomweyi, ndikofunika kuti musapitirire feteleza. Kuchokera ku khalidwe la nthaka ndi chiŵerengero cha zigawo zikuluzikulu zimadalira kukula kwa mbewu. Pankhani ya triangular acido, zakudya zopitirira muyeso zimapindulitsa minofu yokhayokha kuti iwononge maluwa okongola.
Momwe mungaperekere mpweya
Kuberekanso ndi mbali yofunikira ya oxalis ikukula. Pali njira zambiri zobereka, koma panyumba, nthawi zambiri mazira amawawa amafalitsidwa ndi chithandizo cha tubers, mababu, cuttings kapena masamba. Tiyeni tione mwatsatanetsatane aliyense wa iwo.
Tubers ndi Mababu
Popeza njira ziwirizi ndizofanana, zikhoza kugwirizanitsidwa pamodzi. Mababu kapena tuber amafunika kuyang'ana kuzungulira kalamba yakale, amamera kumeneko. Iwo amafesedwa m'magulu a 5-10 anyezi (mitsempha), ndi kuwaza nthaka pamwamba. Bzalidwa mwanjira imeneyi, acidic mofulumira imakula ndikukula. Zidzatenga masabata 4 okha, ndipo mudzakhala ndi chomera chokwanira chodzala ndi dzanja.
Cuttings
Mwa njira iyi, tikufunika kukonzekera cuttings, kudula mphukira ku kale kale mbewu. Ayenera kuikidwa mu chidebe ndi madzi kuti atenge mphukira yoyamba kutenga masabata 2-3. Pamene kutalika kwake kufika pa 1.5 masentimita, kupitilira chitukuko cha mbewu, ndi cuttings ayenera kuziika. Miphika ndi dothi ziyenera kukonzekera pasadakhale. Mu chithunzichi (onani m'munsimu) mungathe kuwona kokha kuzidula.
Masamba
Monga kudula, mukhoza kugwiritsa ntchito pepala lokhazikika. Kuwombera bwino kumachitika bwino m'chaka. Ndikofunika kudula tsamba, phesi limene liyenera kukhala pafupifupi masentimita 10. Timachita nawo mofanana ndi momwe tingagwiritsire ntchito - tiyike mu chidebe ndi madzi.
Ndikofunikira! Mapeto amatsikira m'madzi sayenera kugwira pansi, koma khalani kutali ndi iwo!
Pambuyo pake, mizu yoonda idzawoneka padulidwa. Panthawiyi, simukuyenera kufulumira, dikirani mpaka atakhala aatali ndi amphamvu, ndipo pokhapokha mutengereni pansi.
Matenda ndi tizilombo ta mbeu: chithandizo ndi chisamaliro panthawiyi
Kunyumba, acidic acid ndi yosavuta kwambiri, ndipo imakhudzidwa ndi tizirombo ngakhale nthawi zambiri. Matenda amatha kuchitika pambuyo pa chiwonongeko chomera, nsabwe za m'masamba, whitefly, worm, nkhupakupa. Tizilombo timachotsedwa ndi mankhwala omwe amagulitsidwa m'masitolo ogulitsa maluwa, koma ngati zomera zimasamaliridwa bwino, maonekedwe a tizilombo toyambitsa matenda sayenera kukudetsani.
Mmerawo ukhoza kuwononga fusarium, komanso nkhungu yakuda. Izi zimachitika ngati mutagwiritsa ntchito madzi okwanira, komanso ngati mulibe gawo labwino. Kuchiza matendawa mu gawo loyamba kumagwiritsidwa ntchito "Fundazol".
Kukula kwa oxalis kumadzaza ndi maonekedwe ndi makhalidwe ake, ndipo kumafuna chisamaliro mosamala kunyumba. Koma ngati mutatsatira malingaliro osavuta komanso kusamalira chomera, njirayi idzabweretsa chisangalalo ndi kukongola kwanu kunyumba kwanu.
