Pepper - chomera kutentha ndi wachikondi. Kutentha kwakukulu kwa kubzala ndi kukula tsabola kwa mbande ndi 23 mpaka 25 ° C. Nthaŵi yoyenera yobzala mbewu ndi pakati pa mwezi wa February. Ndipo pofika mwezi wa Meyi, panthawi yoyenda pansi, mbewuyo idzapangidwa ndithu.
Kukula mbande zabwino za tsabola sikophweka. Chikhalidwe ichi chidzatenga nthawi ndi kusamala. Pofuna kuti mbande ziphuke palimodzi, ndipo zokolola za tsabola zimakondweretsa mlimi, muyenera kudziwa malamulo ochepa.
Lero tidzatha kupeza zotsatira za tsabola zambiri pa mbande, chifukwa chiyani mbewu sizikula ndipo n'chifukwa chiyani mbande za tsabola zikukula bwino?
Kuyamba kubzala ndi kukwera
Nkhumba za pepper zimabzalidwa mu zokonzedwa zosakaniza, zomwe ziyenera kukhala zosavuta komanso zosadetsedwa. Mukhoza kupanga phulusa laling'ono. Mbeu ya pepper zovuta ndi zopweteka kusankha. Kuwonongeka kwa mizu, yomwe mosakayikira imapezeka panthawi yokolola, imachepetsa kukula kwa chomera masiku 10-20, zomwe sizingalole kuti zotsatirazi zisanachitike.
Asanafese Mbeu ikhoza kuthiridwa kwa maola 6-7 mu njira ya pinki ya potaziyamu permanganate, yomwe imadziwika kuti potaziyamu permanganate. Izi zidzapangitsa zomera zamtsogolo kuti zikhale zolimbana ndi matenda.
Pambuyo pazimenezi, muyenera kusiya mbewu mu chonyowa, koma osati nsalu yonyowa musanayambe kukumba. Kawirikawiri nthawi iyi siipitirira masiku 2-3. Izi zidzalola kutaya mbewu zofooka ndi zofooka. Werengani zambiri za kukonzekera mbewu musanadzalemo.
Nthaka musanadzalemo ayenera kuthiridwa mosamala, ndi yabwino kwambiri kuti muchite izi ndi mfuti yamtundu kapena peyala ya zamankhwala. Kubzala mbewu pansi kumapangidwira kuya 1.5-2 masentimita. Mutabzala, chidebe kapena makapu omwe ali ndi mbande zamtsogolo ayenera kuwonetsedwa ndi kanema kuti apange kutentha kwa madzi ndikuyika malo otentha kuti amere.
Kuyamba koyamba
Pano tikuyankha mafunso otsatirawa: Mbeu za tsabola zimamera pa mbande, zomwe siziyenera kuchitidwa ndi mphukira zazing'ono?
Ngati atachita bwino, ndiye m'masiku 6-15, malingana ndi tsabola zosiyanasiyana, mphukira yoyamba ikhoza kusangalatsa diso la mwini munda. Kuyambira kale kwambiri kumera mbande kumakhala mtengo wa mbewu. Masamba a Cotyledon amawoneka pang'ono.
Kawirikawiri, pa chomera chomwe chaphuka, pali chovala cha mbewu pa nsonga za masamba a cotyledon, omwe osadziwa wamaluwa akuyesera kuchotsa okha. Sikoyenera kuchita izi, monga chomera chikukula, chidzatha kupirira payekha, koma ndi kosavuta kuchiwonongera icho panthawi yothandizira.
Mphukira ya pepper ingakhale yochezeka, koma izi sizichitika nthawi zonse. Kawirikawiri masiku 15 ndi okwanira kuti mbewu zonse zibwere..
Ngakhalenso pa nthawi yoperedwa kwa mbande sankakhala pamalo owala, ndi nthawi yomusunthira kumeneko. Tsopano chomeracho chidzafuna kuunikira kwakukulu.
Kusamalira ziphuphu zinamera
Kusamalidwa kamodzi kwa mbande kumaphatikizapo kuthirira ndi kusintha kayendedwe ka kuwala. Kufunika kwa zonsezi sizingatheke, koma kuperekedwa kwa zinthu ziwiri izi kungakhudze ubwino wa mbande zonse ndi zokolola za mbeu m'tsogolomu.
Kodi kuchotsa filimuyi kuchokera ku nyemba za tsabola? Nthawi yomweyo mbeu yoyamba itatha, filimuyo yomwe imapangitsa kutentha kwachitsulo mu chidebe chathu chikuyenera kuchotsedwa kwa kanthawi kuti chomera chiziziritsa mpweya. Poyamba izo zidzakhala maminiti pang'ono, ndipo pamene chomera chikukula, nthawiyi iyenera kuchepa. Choncho chomeracho chidzagwiritsidwa ntchito pa kukula kwabwino.
M'pofunika kuyang'anira nthaka chinyezi, Tsabola amakonda chinyezi, koma kumwa madzi kungakhale koononga ngati kuyanika nthaka.
Pamene mukukula mbande za tsabola m'pofunika kukumbukira chidziwitso cha chikhalidwe. Zimaphatikizapo kuti tsabola ndi chomera cha tsiku lalifupi, ndipo kuunika kwakukulu kudzakhala bwino kwambiri pa chikhalidwe, pomwe nthawi yake iyenera kukhala yoposa maola 10-12.
Bwanji osamera mbande za tsabola?
Kaŵirikaŵiri zimachitika kuti ngakhale mwambo woonekera wa malamulo onse mutabzala mbewu, mbewu sizinamere. Pali zifukwa zingapo izi:
- Mbewu yosauka ya mbewu. Kufesa zinthu za chikhalidwechi sikumera bwino. Musagule mbewu "mosungira", ngakhale mutakonda kwambiri mtundu umodzi.
- Kusakonza bwino nthaka kusakaniza. Nthaka imakhala yowawa kapena yolemera kwambiri chifukwa cha mphukira yofatsa.
- Madzi ambiri okwanira mutabzala njere za tsabola, amatha kugwa pansi pa malo omwe anabzala ndipo zomera sizidzatha.
- Kuyanika nthaka kusakaniza, ngakhale kumamatira mbewu zimatha kufa ndi kusowa kwa chinyezi.
- Kusasamala kwa kutentha. Kulakwitsa kwakukulu kwa wamaluwa a novice akuyika chidebe ndi mphukira pa Kutentha kwa radiators. Panthawi imodzimodziyo, kutentha kwa nthaka kumatha kufika 33-35 ° C, ndi kutentha kwakukulu komanso kusowa mpweya wabwino mbewuzo zimawonongeka - mbewu zimatha.
Mbeu zosauka zikukula tsabola? Chochita
Nthanga zimathamanga ndi kukula, koma zinazake sizinachitike, kukula kwa mbande kunachepa, mtundu wobiriwira umataya kwambiri kapena mbewu imamwalira.
Mwatsoka, izo zimachitikanso. Chifukwa chake chimakhala pa zolakwitsa zomwe zaperekedwa posamalira zomera zachinyamata.
Chifukwa chiyani mbande za tsabola sizikuyamba:
- Kusokoneza ulimi. Mzu wa tsabola sumalekerera ngakhale kutanthauza kuyanika. Madzi a mnthaka amakhalanso ndi vuto linalake - blackleg, matenda omwe pafupifupi mbewu iliyonse ya mbewu ndi maluwa ndizovuta. Mbewu yodwala idzafa.
- Kuwala kochepa kokwanira zingayambitse mbande kuti zichotsedwe. Ndipo, ngati pali nyengo yovuta kunja ndipo dzuwa silikuwonekera, fitolamp idzapulumutsa wolima munda, zomwe zingathandize kupeŵa kuyatsa.
- Cholakwika chosowa chomera. Mkhalidwewo ukhoza kuthetsedwa ndi chithandizo cha feteleza ndi potassium humate kapena "Agricola-Forward", kuchepetsedwa m'madzi molingana ndi malangizo.
Kuwona malamulo onse osavuta odzala mbewu za tsabola ndi kusamalira zomera zazing'ono, mukhoza kupeza mbande zabwino ndipo, panthawi yoyenera, mukolole bwino!
Zida zothandiza
Werengani nkhani zina pa mbande za tsabola:
- Kulima bwino mbewu ndi kuti zizitsitsimule musanadzalemo?
- Kodi mungapange bwanji nandolo zakuda, tsabola, zowawa kapena zokoma panyumba?
- Kodi akulimbikitsana bwanji ndi momwe angawagwiritsire ntchito?
- Zifukwa zazikulu zomwe masambawo amapotoka pa mphukira, mbande zimagwa kapena kutambasula.
- Migwirizano yobzala m'madera a Russia makamaka makamaka kulima ku Urals, Siberia ndi Moscow dera.
- Phunzirani yisiti yopangira feteleza maphikidwe.
