Ngati mukufuna kukongoletsa munda wanu ndi zokongoletsa zitsamba ndi maluwa ndikungoganizira za zomera zomwe mungabzalidwe kumeneko, tikukulangizani kuti muzimvetsera holonia hollywood (Mahonia aquifolia).
Mundikhulupirire, simungokhala ndi zokongoletsera zokha, komanso mutha kudya zokoma ndi zathanzi za zomera, zomwe zingagwiritsidwe ntchito kupanga vinyo, kupanikizana ndi mankhwala osokoneza bongo.
Mukudziwa? Malo obadwira a Magonian hollow ndi North America. Dzina lake limachokera ku dzina la botanist wotchuka wa ku America Bernard McMagon. Amwenyewa, kupatula kugwiritsa ntchito zitsamba za mankhwala, amagwiritsa ntchito kudaya zida ndi khungu. Magonia anabweretsedwa ku Ulaya mu 1822.
Popeza mahonia ndi shrub yobiriwira, idzakusangalatseni chaka chonse. Kuwonjezera pa zomera zambiri, tchire zake zidzabweretsa moyo wanu ndi mitundu ina: Mu May - chikasu ndi maluwa, mu August - mdima wakuda ndi zipatso.Ndipo m'chaka, ndizosangalatsa kuona mtundu wa masamba a Magonia: pamene ikufalikira, ali achikasu, m'chilimwe iwo ali obiriwira kwambiri, m'dzinja iwo ali ofiira-mkuwa, nthawizina wofiirira.
Dzina lake "dzenje"Mahonia amalandiridwa chifukwa chakuti masamba ake amafanana ndi masamba otchedwa holly omwe amawoneka bwino. Mmerawo ndi membala wa barberry family, kufika kukula kwake kufika mamita 1.5.
Ubwino wake umaphatikizansopo kuti amalekerera mosavuta chisanu pansi pa chisanu, ndi wodzichepetsa komanso wosasunthika ku nthaka, osagonjetsedwa ndi tizirombo.
Chabwino, wasankha? Kenaka tidzakuuzani zina zofunika za padubal mahonia komanso za chisamaliro ndi kulima, kotero kuti njirayi idzakupatsani nthawi zabwino kwambiri komanso zotheka.
Momwe mungasankhire malo ndikukonzekera nthaka yobzala nkhuni Magonia
Ngakhale kuti mahonia sichifuna malo apadera monga mtundu ndi zolemba za nthaka, komabe zimakhala bwino mu nthaka yatsopano, yosakanizika, nthaka yochepa kwambiri yomwe imakhala ndi ngalande yabwino, yosungira bwino komanso yosungira madzi.
Mitengo yosakaniza Magonia - nthaka ya humus, sod, mchenga mu chiŵerengero cha 2: 2: 1. Chomeracho sichimakonda madzi ochuluka ndi dothi lamchere.
Pali mavuto awiri okha omwe muyenera kuthana nawo musanayambe chomera cha shrub: chomera sichimalola mphepo nthawi zonse ndi dzuwa.
Ndikofunikira! Padubolithic mahony ayenera kubzalidwa m'mphepete mwa mphepo komanso m'malo ochepa.Phindu lalikulu la shrub ndiloti silingathe kuwonongeka ndi mpweya wotentha, choncho amatha kubzala mosamala m'matawuni komanso m'mapaki, pafupi ndi magalimoto othamanga komanso ngakhale m'madera ogulitsa.
Momwe mungabzalitsire shrub yobiriwira
Sichimafuna chitsamba cha Mahonia holmbalon ndi zofunikira za kubzala ndi kusamalira. Pofuna kupambana bwino, kubzala mitengo sayenera kukhala pafupi kuposa mamita 1-2 kuchokera kwa mzake. Mahonia amakula pang'onopang'ono, ngakhale amakula bwino.
Chomera chiyenera kukhala mu dzenje 50 cm chakuya. Muzu wazu wa chomera mukamabzala ukhale pansi. Mwamsanga mutabzala, nthaka pansi pa chitsamba iyenera kukhala tamped ndi kuthirira mochuluka.
N'zotheka kubwezeretsanso zitsamba pa msinkhu uliwonse, koma yesetsani kuchita izi mpaka m'dzinja. Nthaŵi yabwino yosamukira ndikumayambiriro kwa masika.
Kusamalira Magonia, momwe mungamere zokongola zitsamba molondola
Kusamalira zitsamba sikungayambitse mavuto aliwonse. Choncho, kumayambiriro kwa nyengo mumangotchera udzu pansi pa tchire, muzidyetsa ndi mchere wambiri ndi feteleza.
Mu youma chilimwe zitsamba ayenera madzi. Ngati nyengo ya chilimwe imvula, ndiye kuti mungathe popanda kuthirira. Chisamaliro chakumapeto chimaphatikizapo kuchuluka kwa nthaka ndi malo obzala ndi nthambi za spruce.
Kudulira chitani zokha zokongoletsera. Iyenera kukhala yofatsa momwe zingathere - mphukira iyenera kudula yochepa kuposa theka kuti musachepetse maluwa. Kawirikawiri izi zimachitika mwachindunji kumapeto kwa maluwa.
Nthawi komanso momwe mungamerezere chomera
Zizindikiro za nthaka pansi pa zitsamba ziyenera kuyang'aniridwa. Ngati chilimwe chiri chotentha komanso chouma, ndiye kuti chiyenera kuthiriridwa.
Ndikofunikira! Kuthirira kumachitika pamlingo wa chidebe chimodzi cha madzi pa chomera 1-2 pa sabata.
Musapitirire popeza chinyezi chambiri chidzakhala chosasangalatsa kwa mbewu. Zikhoza kuthiridwa ponse pazu, ndi pothandizidwa ndi payipi ndi kufalitsa.Pambuyo kuthirira, kumasula nthaka, izi zidzalola kuti mpweya upitirize kuthamanga ku mizu, ndipo chinyezi chochuluka chimasanduka.
Peculiarities wa kudyetsa holonium magonia
Magonia ndi okwanira kufesa kawiri pa nyengo. Kuvala koyamba kumachitika patangotha chisanu. Pochita izi, gwiritsani ntchito feteleza "Kemira wagon" kapena "Nitroammofosku" pamlingo wa 100-120 g pa mita imodzi.
Chakudya chachiwiri chikuchitika mu May, pamaso pa maluwa. "Nitroammofosku" imagwiritsidwa ntchito mofanana.
Kusamalira dothi
Malo osamalidwa bwino omwe amamera Magonia, safuna. Kutsika kosasuntha kwa nthaka kumachitika pokhapokha mutatha kuthirira ndi kuumitsa kwake.
Mukamasulidwa, yesetsani kusamala kwambiri, musamasule momasuka. Kukulumikizitsa kamodzi mutabzala m'chaka sikungathe kuchitika, ziyenera kukhala zovomerezeka mu kugwa.
Momwe zomera zimagwirira ntchito poika, nthawi komanso momwe angasinthire magonia
The shrub mosavuta kusinthasintha zizindikiro, ndi pa msinkhu uliwonse. Nthaŵi yabwino yosamukira idzayamba kumayambiriro kasupe.
Ngakhale mukufunikira kukumbukira, kuti izi zimalandiridwa kokha ngati kasupe m'dera lanu mumakhala bata, ndikuwonjezeka pang'onopang'ono kutentha ndi mvula yambiri. Ngati kasupe mumayendedwe anu ndi ochepa, ndipo mu May kutentha ndi chilala zimalowa mkati, ndi bwino kubwezeretsa shrub kumayambiriro kwa autumn.
Nthawi yosafunika kwambiri kwa Thirani Magonia kumapeto kwa nyundo.
Kuswana kwa Magonia holly
Pali njira zitatu zofalitsira holly mahony: mbewu, mizu suckers ndi cuttings. Zabwino mwa iwo zimatengedwa ngati zamasamba.
Komabe, muyenera kumvetsetsa kuti ngakhale njira iyi sidzakuthandizani mofulumira ndikukula mitengo mderalo. Njira zonse zimakhala zovuta komanso nthawi yowonjezera, komanso zimafuna kudziwa ndi luso linalake.
Cuttings
Kuberekera kwa Magonia ndi holm cuttings ndi njira yofala kwambiri. Pankhaniyi, gwiritsani ntchito mphukira zosavuta ndi masamba.
Kuti mukhale ndi zipatso zabwino komanso bwino, mungagwiritse ntchito nsonga za florists ndi wamaluwa:
- m'pofunika kudula cuttings kuti chapamwamba kudula ndi molunjika ndi m'munsi kudula ndi oblique;
- chifukwa chofulumira kukula kwa cuttings, n'zotheka kuchiza gawo la pansi ndi mizu yolimbikitsa kukula;
- mapepala aakulu amfupikitsidwa ndi theka;
- okonzeka cuttings ayikidwa mu chisanadze yophika nthaka ndi maganizo kwa woyamba m'munsi Mphukira;
- mutabzala, cuttings ayenera kuthiridwa mochuluka ndiyeno kuphimbidwa mofulumira rooting;
- Angachiritsidwe ndi fungicide pofuna kupewa matenda.
Gawo la rhizomes
Kuswana kwapakati sikunali kotchuka. Mahonia aquifolium kugawa. Kuti tichite zimenezi, mphukira zamphamvu zimaponyera pansi ndipo zimadetsedwa ndi nthaka kuti pamwambazi zikhale pamwamba pa nthaka.
Kumalo okugwedeza, m'pofunika kupanga ulusi wamtundu umene umathandizira kuwombera.
Pamene nyengo ya rooting imatha, chomeracho chiyenera kuthiriridwa mochuluka ndipo, ngati kuli kofunikira, chophimbidwa ndi dziko lapansi. Ngati m'dzinja mizu yabwino imapezeka pamalo ochepetsera, zigawozo zimasiyanitsidwa ndi kholo lachibadwidwe ndikuziika pamalo osatha.
Ngati mizu ili yofooka, zigawozo ziyenera kusiya chaka chotsatira.
Njira ya Mbewu
Mbewu imafalikira mu kasupe kapena m'dzinja, mwamsanga mutatha kusonkhanitsa mbewu. Kubereka kotereku ndikutalika kwambiri: Musanafese, mbewu ziyenera kumangidwa kwa miyezi itatu pa kutentha kwa +5 ° C (mufiriji).
Ngati mbewu zafesedwa m'dzinja, nthawi yayitali chisanu isanayambe, pakadali pano iwo adzalangidwa mwachilengedwe. Mbewu imafesedwa mu grooves mpaka 1-2 masentimita.
Njira imodzi yobereketsera ndi yotheka, yomwe nthawi zina imalangizidwa ndi magonia odziŵa zambiri. M'nyengo yozizira, nthambi zingapo zikhoza kuikidwa mitsuko pawindo lowala bwino.
Pakapita miyezi ingapo, hafu ya iwo amapanga mizu. Yesetsani kuwabzala m'chaka. Malingana ndi zochitika, zomera zotero zimakhala ndi mizu yamphamvu, zitsamba zimakula mofulumira ndipo zimakhala ndi chitetezo champhamvu cha matenda.
Matenda aakulu ndi matenda omera
Kawirikawiri, mahonia yadzikhazikitsira yokha ngati zomera zosagonjetsa mitundu yonse ya tizirombo ndi matenda. Komabe, limatha kumvetsa matenda osiyanasiyana: malo, dzimbiri, mame.
Choncho, mankhwala opatsirana pogwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa amathandiza kwambiri pantchitoyo.
Choncho, n'zotheka kuteteza shrub kuchoka pakhungu pochiza ndi mkuwa wokonzekera.
Izi zikhoza kukhala, osakaniza mkuwa wa sulphate (20 g) ndi sopo wobiriwira (180-200 g), kuchepetsedwa m'madzi (10 l), kapena Bordeaux madzi.
Kuyambira powdery mildew (woyera pachimake pa chapamwamba ndi m'munsi mbali ya masamba ndi petioles), wamaluwa amalangiza kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa ndi "Readzole", "Callatan" kapena colloidal sulfure (2 pa mwezi).
Kukonzekera kwa sulufuti kumathandiza kuthana ndi dzimbiri, komanso kusamalidwa kwa korona ndi kukonzekera kwa Tsineb. Poyamba kumapezeka mawanga ofiira pamasamba, ayenera kuchotsedwa.. Mwanjira imeneyi mukhoza kupewa matenda ena.
Mahonia Padubolist: Mmene Mungakonzekerere Zomera Zima
Anthu onse odziwa Magonia amati amalekerera chisanu mosavuta (ngakhale kuposa -20 ° C), chisanu cholemera. Koma izi zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwa zomera zakulira.
Young magoni akukonzekera bwino nyengo yozizira. Chakumapeto kwa nyengo yozizira, iwo amadzazidwa ndi nthambi za spruce kapena masamba owuma, omwe amachotsedwa pamene chisanu chimasungunuka. Kutseka koteroko kumalimbikitsidwa kwa zaka 2-3, kufikira "kukula" kotsiriza kwa mbewu.
Mukudziwa? Ku Ulaya, ndi mwambo kugwiritsa ntchito osati spruce ndi pine popanga nyimbo zatsopano za Chaka Chatsopano. Pazinthu izi, Mahoniya ndi yopanda pake. Zikuwoneka bwino ndikuphatikiza ndi timatabwa ta Khirisimasi.
Kugwiritsa ntchito mosavuta ndi kuphweka kwa zokongoletsera maluwa Magonia kumalola kugwiritsa ntchito kwake kwakukulu kumalo okongoletsera. Magonia amawoneka bwino pakati pa miyalayi, m'magulu pa udzu, pafupi ndi makoma a nyumba. Roses, Japanese quince, barberry, primroses bwino kwambiri.Ndizoyenera kuzungulira mahatchi komanso longlines. Onetsetsani kuti muli ndi munda wanu wam'mbuyo. Ndipo chofunika kwambiri - musaiwale kuti, ngakhale kulipirira kwake, holly-tsamba mahonia akadali koyenera kubzala ndi kusamalira.
