Munda wa masamba

Momwe mungamere tsabola wofiira mu polycarbonate wowonjezera kutentha: maonekedwe a kukula, kubzala ndi kusamalira

Imodzi mwa mbewu zobiriwira zam'mbuyo kumbuyo ndi tsabola wa ku Bulgaria. Kuti Pezani mavitamini oyenera patapita nthawi yozizira, aliyense wamaluwa kapena chilimwe amakhala nthawi zonse akufunafuna njira yokolola masamba.

Pepper chomera chotentha ndipo samakula bwino pamtunda.

Pofuna kuthetsa nkhaniyi, palibe chifukwa choyendetsa njinga, iyi ndi njira yomwe imadziwika bwino yolima zomera zomwe zimayambitsanso ntchito yokolola. Ndipo kotero, titha kusiyanitsa chigawochi: Tsabola wa Chibulgaria - kukula mu wowonjezera kutentha, chikole cha zokolola zazikulu!

Kusankha mitundu

Mwamkati mukhoza kukula mitundu yosiyanasiyana, kusiyana ndi kukula ndi mtundu wa zipatso, mawonekedwe awo ndi mithunzi ya kukoma. Tsabola wa Chibulgaria ikhoza kukhala yofanana ndi khunyu, yochepa, yozungulira kapena yozungulira, mitundu imachokera ku mdima wandiweyani mpaka utoto wofiira, wofiira kapena lalanje. Kukula zipatso zimasinthasintha kuyambira 1 mpaka 30 cm m'litali.

Zomera zimagawidwa m'magulu molingana ndi kukula ndi kukula kwa chitsamba. Kusankhidwa chinthu chimodzi kapena china zimadalira mtundu wa wowonjezera kutentha ndi nyengo ya nyengo ya dera linalake.

Kumadera okhala ndi nyengo yozizira, mu filimu yotentha yofiira, kuyambira koyambirira kwambiri ndi tsabola oyambirira angakhale wamkulu popanda kutentha kwina. Nthawi yawo yakucha ndi ya masiku 90 mpaka 110 kutuluka mphukira yoyamba.

Chofunika kusankha Mitengo yokhala ndi yaying'ono kapena sing'anga-kakulidwe zitsamba zoyenera kwa zochepa za malo osungira malo. M'nyengo yozizira amatha kutentha zobiriwira mumatha kulira zosiyanasiyana, kuyang'ana kulawa, maonekedwe ndi juiciness a chipatso. Kuphika kotheka kwa tsabola ndi nyengo zosiyana siyana za nyengo yokula, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti mbeu ifike kumapeto.

Kuwonjezera pa mitundu yoyamba yakucha Tikulimbikitsidwa kuyesa mochedwa, nthawi ya kukula ndi kusasitsa komwe kumatenga masiku 150. Tsabola wotentha kumakhala ndi kukoma kokoma, juiciness ndi kukula kwakukulu kwa zipatso, pambali, sizipezeka pamsika.

Pakati pa otchuka mitundu ndi hybrids:

  • Kukula msinkhu"Ilya Muromets", "chozizwitsa cha Orange", "chozizwitsa cha Green", "Karapuz", "Chikondi", "Wopambana", "Winnie the Pooh", "Ruby nyenyezi". Yokonzera filimu zobiriwira, zosagonjetsedwa ndi tizirombo.
  • Kuyambira m'mawa oyambirira: "California chozizwitsa", "Swallow", "Woyamba wa Siberia", "Nochka", "Mvula yamtengo wapatali", "Mphatso ya Moldova". Mid-oyambirira mitundu ndi hybrids ali ndi zipatso zazing'ono, zokolola m'nthaka ndizochepa, mu greenhouses, izo zimakula kwambiri.
  • Kumapeto kwa nthawi ndi kumapeto: "Gombe la Maluwa", "Albatross", "Paris", "Lyudmila", "Sailor", "Vivaldi", "Le Figaro". MwachidziĆ”ikire salikukula pamalo otseguka a woyandikana pakati; amapereka zokolola zabwino pamtunda wobiriwira. Zipatso zimasungidwa kwa nthawi yaitali ndipo zimakhala ndi kukula kwakukulu.

Zowonjezera kutentha

Pogona pakuti tsabola akhoza kutenthedwa kapena osakhala ndi Kutentha kwina. Kutentha kosasunthika kuli koyenera kuti mitundu yokolola ikulire, ikukuthandizani kuti muzitha kukolola bwino komanso mofulumira m'madera ndi nyengo yotentha ndi yotentha. Chotero greenhouses kumanga popanda maziko, pa mafelemu a matabwa kapena zitsulo.

Nyumba yotentha yobiriwira ikhoza kuphimbidwa ndi filimu kapena galasi. Alimi ena amagwiritsa ntchito mafelemu osokoneza mawindo. Njirayi ndi ndalama, koma wowonjezera kutentha amafunika kukonzedwa musanayambe nyengo iliyonse.

Capital winterhouses zothandiza kwambiri kumanga pa maziko olimba, mwinamwake kuloƔa pansi ndi theka la mita. Monga mafupa, amagwiritsidwa ntchito pogwiritsa ntchito zitsulo zopangidwa ndi zitsulo zokhala ndi zitsulo zokhazikika.

Zima zowonjezera chivundikiro kawiri wosanjikiza wa polyethylene filimu, galasi yamoto kapena polycarbonate. Chotsatira chotsiriza chimaonedwa kukhala chokhalitsa kwambiri, koma chimawonongeka kwambiri.

Zopangidwe ziyenera kukhala ndi zitsulo, zitseko ziwiri ndi nyali zoyatsa. N'zotheka kutenthetsa wowonjezera kutentha ndi chithandizo cha boilers kapena zofukiza zamoto. Ndondomeko yothirira madzi imagwiritsidwa ntchito pafakitale zokhala ndi ndalama zambiri, mophweka kuthirira amathera kuchokera ku ndowa kapena mapeyala, mwachindunji pansi pazu zomera.

Tsabola amatha kukhala wamkulu pamodzi ndi mbewu zina zotentha ndi zowuma. Okhala moyandikana nawo - nkhaka ndi radishes. Tsabola wa Bell Ndizosayenera kubzala pamodzi ndi amadyera ndi tomato. Wopanda anthu oopsa - tsabola wowawa. Mukayikidwa mu wowonjezera kutentha, ndizotheka mungu wochokera ku zipatso, zipatso zabwino zimakhala ndi kulawa kosasangalatsa.

Zizindikiro za kukula

Gawo loyamba - Kusankha mbewu kwa kufesa. Ayenera kukhala atsopano, zaka ziwiri mutatha kukolola, mbewu zimamera.

Asanafese, zinthuzi zikhoza kulowetsedwa kwa maola 10-12 mu kukula kokondweretsa njira. Pambuyo pake mbewu zimatsukidwa ndipo atakulungidwa mu nsalu yonyowa ya thonje yopopera.

Mbeu zowonjezera kutentha zimatha kufesedwa miphika ya peat kapena mabokosi. Kufika ukuchitika mu February kapena kumayambiriro kwa March., chifukwa nthawi yoberekera imatenga masiku osachepera asanu, ndipo nthawi zambiri imatha mpaka mwezi umodzi. Kuzama kwa malo osungira mbeu sikuyenera kupitirira 10 mm. Kukhoza ndi mbewu zomwe zili ndi galasi kapena filimuyi ndikuyika malo ofunda, okongola.

Mbande akhoza kukhala wamkulu mu nyumba kapena chaka chonse kuzungulira wowonjezera kutentha. Pofuna kumera mbewu za tsabola bwino amafunikira chinyezi chabwino ndi kutentha kwa 20-25ºC. Pambuyo polowera makomo, kutentha kwa chipinda kumachepetsa, zomera zimayamba kuumitsa, kuchotsa galasi pa nthawi zina.

Patatha masabata awiri mutalowa mbande madzi madzi zovuta mineral feteleza. Ali ndi zaka ziwiri, tsabola wamkulu amakhala okonzeka kuikidwa pamalo osatha mu wowonjezera kutentha. Zomera zimayikidwa pamtunda wa masentimita 30 kuchokera kwa mzake.

Nthaka iyenera kukhala yowala, yopanda ndale. Tikulimbikitsidwa kuwonjezera peat ndi mchenga ku munda wamunda. Nthaka akusowa bwino kumasula ndi kupanga phulusa mmenemo, humus kapena feteleza feteleza (potashi, superphosphate).

Manyowa atsopano sali ovomerezeka, angayambitse maluwa ambiri komanso kukula kwakukulu kwa tchire.

Chifukwa cha chisamaliro chifukwa tsabola - kuthirira kwa nthawi yake madzi otetezera otentha. Kuthirira kumachitika pokha pazu. Zomera zimakonda kwambiri chinyezi ndipo silingalekerere ngakhale chilala chochepa. Mlingo wa chinyezi mu wowonjezera kutentha umathandiza kukhala ndi zotseguka pamadzi, komanso kuthirira pansi ndi galasi nthawi zonse.

Nthawi ndi nthawi amafunika kuyendetsa wowonjezera kutentha. Kutentha kwakukulu ndi 18-25ºC, chithunzithunzi chozizira kapena kutentha kotentha ndizosafunikira. Chipinda sichimalola kuti madontho otentha a tsiku ndi tsiku asamapitirire.

Pepper amakonda chakudya chochuluka komanso chochuluka. Alimi ena amawonjezera chofooka njira ya mullein ndi kuthirira kulikonse. M'nthaka, mukhoza kupanga komanso kuyendetsa bwino mchere. Patapita chaka ntchito yaikulu pamwamba mu zosowa zowonjezera kutentha m'malo mwathunthuIzi zimapereka zokolola zazikulu.

Chibulgaria tsabola salekerera katundu, flattened nthaka, kuchitapo kanthu pang'onopang'ono kukula ndi kusowa kwa mazira. Pakadutsa nthawi imodzi pa sabata, m'pofunika kumasula nthaka pakati pa zomera, kuonetsetsa kuti mpweya umatuluka ku mizu.

Ngati simungathe kumasula nthawi zonse, nthaka iyenera kuwonetsedwa manyowa, utuchi, udzu kapena mankhusu a mbewu za mpendadzuwa.

Munda wothirira umasiyidwa kuzungulira chomera chilichonse. Kuti pakhale chitukuko chabwino cha chitsamba ndi kupanga mapangidwe a mazira, nthawi zonse kuchotsedwa kwa masamba pa chomera chiri chofunikira. Pa chitsamba chotsalira osaposa 2 amphamvu mbali mphukira, otsala pinch.

Zoonadi kutero masamba ndi mphukira achotsedwa pansi pa ofesi yaikulu ya nthambi. Njira imeneyi imathandiza kuti thupi likhale losungunuka bwino, zomera sizimatulutsa mphamvu kumanga mtundu wobiriwira, kuika pa mapangidwe a mazira.

Tsabola za pepper ndi zofooka kwambiri, zimakhala zosavuta kuwonongeka panthawi yopangira. Kwa greenhouses bwino kusankha zomera zogwirizanapopanda mbali yowombera. Mitengo yowonongeka iyenera kumangidwa, mwinamwake idzaphwanya pansi pa kulemera kwa chipatso.

Nthawi yokolola imadalira nthawi yomwe idzasungidwe. Zoyenda ndi malonda wangwiro zamakono tsabola. Panthawiyi, zipatso zimapangidwa bwino, mtundu wawo umasiyana ndi wobiriwira mpaka wachikasu.

Tsitsi la kukula kwa thupi liri ndi mtundu wowala, mokwanira molingana ndi zosiyanasiyana, ndi kutchulidwa kukoma. Zipatso zoterezi ziyenera kudyedwa nthawi yomweyo, siziyenera kusungidwa. Zokolola zachotsedwa m'mawa, kuchotsa mosamala kapena kuchotsa zipatso pamodzi ndi tsinde lalifupi.

Zakudya zokoma komanso zamadzimadzi ku Bulgarian tsabola m'malo modzichepetsa. Ndi malo otentha okonzeka, kutsata boma la kuthirira ndi kudyetsa ngakhale wosadziwa zamasamba wolima masamba angapindule kwambiri zokolola. Mutapeza zotsatira zabwino, wina akhoza kupitiriza kuyesa ndi mitundu komanso ntchito yosankha.

Malangizo othandiza pa kukula kwa tsabola mu wowonjezera kutentha, onani vidiyo ili pansipa: