Tsabola - izi ndi mbewu zokolola, zomwe zimakonda makamaka wamaluwa. Zipatso za izo khalani ndi kukoma kwake ndi fungo losazolowereka lomwe silingasokonezedwe ndi masamba ena.
Zimayaka kwambiri komanso zimakhala zokoma. Mukhoza kupanga saladi kuchokera mu tsabola ndikusunga m'nyengo yozizira, akhoza kudula ndi kudyedwa Pamene mwatsopano, yonjezerani chakudya monga zokometsera.
Ndi kosavuta kukula masambawa, chifukwa sichifunikira chisamaliro chapadera ndi chidwi chochuluka, chinthu chachikulu ndicho kuchita zonse panthawi yomwe ikukula mmera.
Kumene mungapeze mbewu zabwino?
Nkhumba zokha, zomwe zimakula kwambiri, zimatha kukwera msangamsanga. Mbewu ingagulidwe pa malo osungirako mbewu, iwo amagulitsidwa ndi gram mu sachets. Tsabola zimaphatikizidwa ndi kalasi. Koma kugula iwo sikofunikira.
Kuti mupeze mbewu zabwino, ndikwanira kugula mbewu kamodzi, kenako kukula chipatso ndikusankha njere za tsabola. Kuchokera ku tsabola imodzi mukhoza kukolola mbewu Izi zimakhala zosiyana ndi chiwerengero chachikulu cha mbande chaka chatha.
Ndibwino kuti tiyang'ane kuti mbewu siziwonongeke, zofewa kapena zolakwika zina. Ngakhale poyamba poyamba zinkawoneka kuti zinali zabwino pokonza mbewu zopanda kanthu zikadziwika ndi kuchotsedwa, palibe chomwe chikanatha kuchoka.
Kukonzekera musanafike
Ena wamaluwa Musayang'ane mbewu za kumera, nthawi yomweyo anabzala mabokosi ndipo akuyembekezera kuti akwere.
Koma ikhoza kuthamanga ndi kumera iwo asanabzalidwe, izi zidzatilola kuti tisadziwe osati Kodi mbewu yoyenera kufesa?, koma idzakula mofulumira kwambiri, kutanthauza kuti kukula kwa chitsamba kudzayamba mofulumira.
Kuyamba kumera ndi kosavuta. Tengani nyemba ndi chidutswa cha tsaya. Timayika mu gauze ndikukulunga mu thumba, moisten, mbewu ayenera kutuluka m'madzi (mukhoza kuwasiya m'madzi koma osaposa tsiku).
Khwerero lotsatira ndi kuika kachilombo ndi mbewu kumalo otentha, chinthu chachikulu ndikutsatira, kuwaletsa kuti asawume masiku 7-10. Pambuyo pa nthawi ino, zimamera.
Kenaka, wina amawakhudza ndi kutenthaKomabe, izi siziri zovomerezeka. Momwe mungabzalidwe: mungathe kubzala tsabola mu wowonjezera kutentha, pansi mutangomera.
Kuti mumve zambiri zokhudza kukula kwa mbande za tsabola zowonjezera kutentha, onani vidiyo ili pansipa:
Kufesa mbande
Mbewu zathu zikakonzeka kubzala, nkofunika kukonzekera nthaka yabwino, yowonjezera, kapena kuti, tsabola yomwe tsabola yathu idzakula. Ngati palibe nthawi kapena chikhumbo chokonzekera dothi nokha, kale gawo lokonzeka ndi zowonjezera zonse Angagulidwe ku sitolo. Muyenera kusankha imodzi yomwe ingakhale yabwino kwa tsabola, monga mbewu zosiyana zamasamba zomwe zimapangidwa zosakaniza zimasiyana.
Ngati adasankha kupanga nthaka moyenera, chitani motere. Timatenga mbali ziwiri za nthaka humus, magawo ena awiri a mtedza ndi gawo limodzi la mchenga. Ichi ndi gawo lophweka kwambiri.
Sod nthaka musanayambe kusakaniza ayenera kuwonetsedwa.
Kenaka, twazikitseni nthaka mu miphika yokonzedwa kapena mabokosi, koma osati pamzere. Kenaka, tsitsani madzi onse ofunda pamwamba pake ndikuyika mbewuzo. Kusiyana kungakhale kuyambira 1 mpaka 2 centimita kuchokera kwa wina ndi mzake. Gawo lotsatira lidzakhala kugona pamwamba ndi kuthirira madzi okwanira. Samalani kuti musabzale mozama kwambiri, sangathe kukwera kapena kuchita izi kwa nthawi yayitali.
Kenaka, mutseka bokosilo ndi polyethylene, ndikupanga wowonjezera kutentha, ndikuzisiya pamalo otentha. Pamene zitsamba zowonongeka - zimathamanga, ponena za kubzala mu wowonjezera kutentha, simungathe kuchita izi, monga momwe zimakhalira musakhale ndi nthawi yofa yochepa. Pamene chodzala mbande za tsabola mu wowonjezera kutentha, nenani pang'ono pang'ono, chifukwa kubzala mbande za tsabola mu wowonjezera kutentha zimakhala ndi zokhazokha.
Mbewu yamasiku
Nthawi yofesa tsabola chifukwa cha wowonjezera kutentha? Pa nthawi yobzala mbewu zimakhudza kusasitsa. Ngati izi ndi mitundu yoyambirira, ndiye kuti zipatsozo zidzatha masiku 50-60 mutabzala pansi, ndipo ngati nthawi yayitali, nthawiyi idzapitirira kwa masiku 70, ndiko kuti, anabzala kumapeto kwa February ndi kumayambiriro kwa March.
Komanso m'pofunika kuganizira dera limene mukukhala, ngati nyengo ikuzizira ndipo nthaka imawomba mtsogolo, ndiye kuti mbewu zimabzalidwa patatha mwezi umodzi poyerekeza ndi malo omwe ali ndi nyengo yozizira.
Popeza tsabola amakonda kutentha, anthu ambiri amasankha kulima mu wowonjezera kutentha, kumene kumakhala kosavuta, kutanthauza - kukula komanso kuyamba kubala zipatso mwamsangakuposa m'munda. Kodi kuika tsabola mu wowonjezera kutentha? Mbeu za pepper zimabzalidwa mu greenhouses mu May, mwezi woyamba kapena wachiwiri wa mwezi - izi zimadalira mphamvu ya mbande ndi nyengo. Kenaka, ganizirani momwe mungamere tsabola mu wowonjezera kutentha?
Kodi kubzala mbande?
Momwe mungamere tsabola mu polycarbonate wowonjezera kutentha?
Khwerero # 1
Choyamba muyenera kukonzekera wowonjezera kutentha kwa anthu am'tsogolo. Liyenera kukhala nthaka yathanzi ndi humus okwanira mmenemo sayenera kukhala tizirombo ndi zinyalala.
Wowonjezera kutentha ayenera kukhala osasunthika, popanda kuwonongeka, momwe kuzizira kwa usiku kungadutse. Ziyenera kumangidwa, tsabola amakonda nthaka yofewa. Kuti mbande zizolowere kuchepetsa kutentha, zikhoza kuikidwa pa khonde la tsiku kwa masiku angapo mzere, ndikubwezeretsanso usiku.
Gawo 2
Chiwembu chodzala tsabola mu wowonjezera kutentha ndi motere: mizere ya kubzala pansi mu wowonjezera kutentha imapangidwa bwino masana. Iyenera kukhala osaya bwino Mabedi otayidwa ndi madzi ofunda kapena yankho la mullein. Mtunda pakati pawo ndi osachepera 35 masentimita, ndipo pakati pa tsabola pafupifupi masentimita 25.
Kenaka, pamene iwo ali onyowa, bzalani tchire. Kuti mizu ya mbewuyo isasokonezeke, iyenera kukhala yothira kwambiri nthaka ya mbande. Pambuyo pa tchire mutabzalidwa, amamwe madzi pang'ono pansi pazu.
Khwerero nambala 3
Aperekedwa mwamsanga Kugaya kungobzala basi. M'tsogolomu, ziyenera kukhala zosavuta kuti asamaswe, chifukwa tsinde likhoza kumangirizidwa ndi ndodo, chabwino, ili lalitali. Ayenera kuthiriridwa ndi kuwachiritsira tizirombo zonse.
Zothandiza pulogalamu ya kukula tsabola mu wowonjezera kutentha:
Matenda ndi tizirombo
Kuwonjezera pa kuti ndikofunikira kupanga mbewu ndi nthaka, panthawi yopatsa chakudya choonjezerapo ndikuonetsetsa kuti nyengo yoyenera kutentha, kuti mukolole bwino muyenera kusamalira tchire chokonzekera kale. Ngakhale tsabola akulimbana ndi tizirombo zosiyanasiyana kawirikawiri amatenga matenda opatsirana ndi opatsiranamilandu yotere imapezeka.
Ngati nthawi zonse mumatsanulira mbande, n'zotheka kuphuka kwa miyendo yakuda, yomwe imatsogolera ku imfa ya chomeracho. Pamene tsabola imakula mu wowonjezera kutentha ndipo chinyezi chilipo, mabakiteriya angayambe kukula ndipo chomera chidzadwala khansa kapena kuvunda. Kupewa kuyenera kukhala mpweya wabwino.
Mawanga akuda onyansa pa zipatso ndi masamba amanena kuti kuchiza koopsa kwa bakiteriya spotting n'kofunika. Izi zikhoza kuchitika pamene kutentha kwatsika ndipo chinyezi chatsala.
Nthawi zambiri zomera amadwala chifukwa ndendende kusagwirizana ndi malamulo a chisamalirondi otentha kapena ozizira, osati kuwala kokwanira, chinyezi, etc.
Mukasintha mkhalidwewo, iwo adzayamba kubwera kudziko labwino. Koma pamene ndi fungal kapena matenda a tizilombo, chofunika kwambiri ndikuchitapo kanthu mwamsanga. mankhwala osokoneza bongozomwe zimagulitsidwa mu sitolo ndipo zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pa matenda amenewa.
