Tsabola wowawa kapena wotentha ndizoyambirira, zomwe zimapatsa piquancy wapadera nyama ndi masamba. Amaphatikizidwa ku masupu, zamzitini ndi zouma. Mukhoza kukula wokongola tsabola m'munda, mu wowonjezera kutentha komanso ngakhale m'nyumba.
Miphika ndi chogwirana tchire azikongoletsa loggia kapena zenera sill. Posankha mitundu yoyenera ndi chisamaliro chosamala, kukolola bwino kumatsimikiziridwa, ndipo kudzathekanso kusonkhanitsa kangapo pachaka.
Lero tikambirana nkhani zotsatirazi - tsabola wotentha: kubzala mbewu, nthawi yobzala komanso kusamalira mbande?
Kusankha mitundu ya nyumba ndi zomera
Ndi chomera chosatha ndi chitsamba chosakanikirana, masamba okongoletsa ndi zipatso zowala. Tsabola akhoza kukhala wamkulu mu nyumba kapena wowonjezera kutentha. Mitundu ina ndi yoyenera kutseguka.
Odyetsa anadula mitundu yambiri, mosiyana ndi maonekedwe okoma ndi kukula kwa zipatso, zipatso, kuchuluka kwa kucha. Kunyumba, nthawi zambiri amalimidwa mitundu ndi hybrids ya Dutch, Polish kapena Russian kuswana.
Mitengo ya tsabola yotentha kumudzi:
Chozizwitsa chochepa - mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya chibadwidwe cha Dutch, yoyenera kubzala kunyumba. Zipatso zambiri, zipatso ndizochepa, lalanje, zofiira kapena zachikasu. Kukoma kuli kovuta, koma kovuta, koyenera kwa sauces.
Munthu wofiira wofiira - zosankha zosiyanasiyana za Russian. Chitsamba chokwanira mokwanira chimadzazidwa ndi zipatso zazikulu zofanana ndi kondomu zomwe zingatheke kuzimitsa. N'zotheka kukula m'mbiri yotentha, komanso pamalo otseguka.
Astrakhan - Russian zosiyanasiyana, chodziwika ndi mkulu zokolola. Zitsamba zozungulira zimapereka zipatso zambiri zofiira kwambiri zofiira ndi kukoma kokometsa mosavuta. Anagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga mavitamini ndi sauces.
Chiyukireniya chakuthwa - Aang'ono chitsamba, zabwino kukula mu wowonjezera kutentha kapena mphika. Zipatsozo ndizitali kwambiri komanso zoonda, ndi zokometsera zokometsera zokometsera.
Moto - zofiira-zosiyanasiyana. Zipatso zili zofiira kwambiri, zimapangidwira, zowutsa mudyo. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pophika. Makamaka wowonjezera kutentha kulima.
Jalapeno - Tsabola wotentha, yotchuka ku Latin American, ili ndi zipatso zofiira kapena zobiriwira. Kukoma kwake kuli kolimba kwambiri, kumawonekera. Zipatso zimasungidwa bwino, zosiyanasiyana zimapindulitsa kwambiri.
Pambuyo posankha zosiyanasiyana, tidzalongosola momwe tingamere tsabola wowawa kuchokera ku mbewu?
Mmera kukonzekera
Tsabola yotentha imakhala ndi nthaka yochepa yokhala ndi masewera olimbitsa thupi. Cholinga chosakaniza chimapangidwa ndi munda wakale wa nthaka, peat ndi mchenga wosambitsidwa.. Mungagwiritse ntchito kugula nthaka yosakaniza, yomwe inaphatikizapo humus.
Mbewu za tsabola wowawa: kulima ndi kusamalira. Bzalani mbewu zofunika mu February. Asanafese, iwo amasankhidwa, akusankha chopanda kanthu ndi choipa. Kufulumizitsa kumera ndi kulimbikitsa mbewu zingathe kulowetsedwa mu njira yamadzimadzi yowonjezera kukula kwa maola 10-12. Pambuyo pake, mbewuyo imatsukidwa ndikukulungidwa mu mchere wonyezimira kuti imve.
Chomera chachikulu cha pulasitiki kapena ceramic chimatsukidwa bwino ndi madzi owiritsa. Mitsuko imayikidwa pansi: nsomba zowonongeka, miyala ya mtsinje kapena dothi lochepetsedwa. Nthaka imatsanulira pamwamba ndi kuthirira mochuluka ndi mkangano wosungunuka madzi. Nthaka ikapanda pansi, mabowo amapangidwa mmenemo omwe sali oposa 1.5 masentimita akuya.
Mbewu iliyonse imayikidwa ndi kuwaza ndi dziko lapansi. Chophimbacho chatsekedwa ndi filimu ndikuyika malo otentha ndi okongola bwino. Tsabola amatha kufesedwa miphika ya peat yokhazikika pa poto lakuya.
Zipatso zimawoneka sabata imodzi mutatha kufesa. Ayenera kufufuzidwa mosamala, ofooka akhoza kuchotsedwa, kuti asasokoneze chitukuko cha mbande zodalitsika. Ndi njira iyi, kusankha sikufunika. Pamene achinyamata zomera atambasula 20 masentimita, pamwamba pa iliyonse uzitsine mokoma kuti kulimbikitsa ofananira nawo mphukira.
Ena wamaluwa amakonda kufesa tsabola yowawa m'dzinja kuti apeze zochuluka fruiting mu kasupe.
Mbande kwa greenhouses
Kukonzekera kukula tsabola mu wowonjezera kutentha, muyenera kukonzekera dothi lachonde pasanafike, ndikulifalitsa m'mapiri. Kwa masamba obiriwira, mbande ya tsabola yotentha ndi yabwino kwambiri pamiphika ya peat, amazoloŵera bwino komanso samadwala.
Kuwombera kumachitika pamene nthaka ikufunda, nthawi zambiri zimachitika kumapeto kwa kasupe. Muzitsulo zomwe zimatentha kwambiri chaka chonse, zomera zimabzalidwa nthawi iliyonse yabwino.
Kodi mungasiyanitse bwanji mbande kuchokera ku tsabola wotentha? Alimi ena samakonda kukula mbande zawo, koma kuti azigulitse pamsika kapena m'minda. Kuti musasokoneze mbande ya tsabola yotentha ndi mbande zokoma, muyenera kusamala zomera. Muziyambira zowawa zikuoneka zochepa, ndipo masamba kale.
Kukula kwa mbande, kumakhala kusiyana kwakukulu. Mukhoza kuluma tsamba la zomera. Tsabola wobiriwira imakhala yowala kwambiri, kukoma pang'ono.
Odziŵa bwino obereketsa samalimbikitsa kuika otentha ndi okoma tsabola pafupi.. N'zotheka kuwonetsa mungu komanso mitundu yonse ija imataya kukoma kwake. Mukamabzala zomera mu wowonjezera kutentha, ikani kutali kwambiri ndi wina ndi mnzake, ndipo muwasiyanitse ndi magawo.
Kukula mbande za tsabola kunyumba
Kodi timalongosola tsatanetsatane momwe tingamere mbande za tsabola wowawa panyumba?
Mbeu zowonjezera zowonjezera zimasunthira ku lalikulu la ceramic kapena mapepala apulasitiki. Kutalika kwabwino ndi 40-50 cm. Kusambira kumayikidwa pansi pa akasinja, zomera zimasunthira ku malo atsopano mwa njira ya kusintha.
Ndikofunikira Musasokoneze mizu yovuta, ingachedwetse kukula kwa chitsamba ndikuchepetsanso zokolola zamtsogolo.
Tsabola wowawa imakonda bwino kuunikira, kutentha komanso kumadziletsa.. Mphika uyenera kuikidwa pa loggia, phalala kapena muwindo.
Tsiku lowala la maola khumi ndi awiri ndilofunika, kotero m'nyengo yozizira ndi yophukira zidzakhala zofunikira kukonza kuunikira kwina.
Mu penumbra, zimayambira zimatambasulidwa, mazira ambiri amapangidwa molakwika ndipo akhoza kugwa. Kuti mutulutse bwino, mutha kuchotsa mphukira yowonjezera.
Imwani madziwo ayenera kukhala madzi ozizira kutentha, 2 pa sabata. Ndi bwino kuthirira pamphuno, koma musanagwiritse ntchito feteleza nkofunika kuti muzitsuka chipinda chadothi pamwambapa. Mpweya wabwino ndi wothandiza kwa tsabola, zipinda zomwe miphika zimayikidwa ziyenera kutuluka nthawi zambiri ndipo nthaka mu miphika iyenera kumasulidwa nthawi zonse.
Tsabola yowawa imakonda nthaka yathanzi. Pakati pa kukula kwachangu pakatha milungu iwiri yokha, njira yothira madzi ya feteleza imagwiritsidwa ntchito ku miphika.. Superphosphate, potaziyamu sulphate ndi phulusa zimakonda, ndipo maofesi osiyanasiyana amapanga bwino (Kemira ndi ena).
Kuti fruiting ipambane m'pofunika kukhala ndi kutentha kozizira. Njira yabwino - madigiri 22 patsiku ndi osachepera 17 usiku. Pepper silingalole ngakhale chisanu chofupika, kutentha kwa chilimwe kumapwetekanso kwa iye. Mu nthawi makamaka yogwira dzuwa baka akulimbikitsidwa pritenyat.
Kuonjezera zokolola zidzakuthandizira kusakaniza nthawi yake. Pa chitsamba 1-2 anatsala kwambiri kuthawa, ena onse achotsedwa. Zomera zopangidwa ndi shrub zikuwoneka bwino, zomera sizimagwiritsira ntchito mphamvu pamtundu wobiriwira, poyang'ana pa thumba losunga mazira. Kuti ukhale wosasunthika, tsinde losalimba lingamangirizane ndi chithandizo.
Pepper ndi mbeu yokhala ndi mungu wolima, koma amaluwa ambiri amasankha kukonzetsa mungu pogwiritsira ntchito mphika kapena kusakaniza ndi infinirescences ndi swaboni ya thonje.
Mu mpweya wouma ndi wotentha wa nyumba, zomera zimatha kugwidwa ndi akangaude. Pofuna kupewa zomera ndi mpweya woyandikana nawo nthawi zonse ziyenera kupopedwa ndi madzi ofunda. Atapeza makutu, zomera zomwe zakhudzidwa zimatengedwa ndi mankhwala amadzimadzi a tizilombo. Anamanga chitsamba chabwino kuti apange chipinda chokha. Mankhwalawa amaperekedwa mpaka kuthetsedwa kwathunthu kwa tizirombo.
Kukolola kungakhale pang'onopang'ono, kuyang'ana kukhwima la chipatso.
Amene akufuna kupeza mbewu zabwino, muyenera kusankha tsabola pang'ono ndikuzisiya kuthengo mpaka mutakula. Mbeu zosonkhanitsa ndizoyenera kufesa kwa zaka 3 mutatha kukolola.
Pambuyo pa kutha kwa fruiting, tsabola wa tsabola amadulidwa pakati ndipo amaikidwa mu malo atsopano. Kenaka chitsamba chimapita kumalo okongola (kumwera kumwera kapena kumwera chakumwera). Kuthirira kumawonjezeka atatha kupanga mapangidwe atsopano. Ndi kudulira kanthawi koyenera kwa chaka ndi chitsamba chimodzi mukhoza kupeza mbewu zitatu za tsabola yotentha.
Kuyambira kulima tsabola wotentha kunyumba, mukhoza kukonza kunyumba weniweni wowonjezera kutentha. Mukamabzala mitundu yatsopano, nkoyenera kuyesa kuwoloka, kukwaniritsa zotsatira zatsopano. Kusonkhanitsa mbewu, mungathe kukonza zotsatira za kuyesayesa ndikupeza nokha zosakanizidwa zosakanizidwa.
Zida zothandiza
Werengani nkhani zina pa mbande za tsabola:
- Kodi mungapange bwanji nandolo zakuda, tsabola, zokoma panyumba?
- Zifukwa zazikulu zomwe masambawo amapotoka pa mphukira, mbande zimagwa kapena kutambasula.
- Migwirizano yobzala m'madera a Russia makamaka makamaka kulima ku Urals, Siberia ndi Moscow dera.
- Phunzirani yisiti yopangira feteleza maphikidwe.
