Mawu oyamba a capsicum anawonekera ku mayiko a ku Ulaya, kuyambira ku Spain ndi Italy, poyamba ku America.
Palibe amene anatha kupeza achibale a mtundu wa "amwenye"; panthawi imeneyo anali atakula kale ngati chomera cholimidwa m'minda ndi minda ya Northern Mexico.
M'zaka zapitazi, mbadwa za chikhalidwe cha Mexico zagonjetsa dziko lonse lapansi, anthu omwe ali ndi miyambo yosiyanasiyana ya chikondi amakonda kugonana nawo.
Mbali za kukula tsabola ku Russia
M'dziko lathu, gawo loposa theka la gawoli liri m'mavuto aakulu, kumene ulimi umakhala ndi chiopsezo china. Tsabola ngati chikhalidwe chokonda kutentha Amatha kumera pamalo otseguka m'madera ochepa a kummwera. Koma pakubwera kwa zipangizo zapadera, ndizotheka kukula mu nthaka yotetezedwa.
Kukula kwa mbande si kovuta, ndi njira zambiri zofanana ndi ulimi wa phwetekere.
Ndikofunikira! Lamulo lovomerezeka lokha ndiloti musabzalidwe mitundu yambiri ndi yokoma mu chipinda chimodzi. Popanda kutero, mungu umapezeka ndipo tsabola onse amamva kukoma.
Kukonzekera kukwera
Chimodzi mwa magawo ofunikira - kusankha mitundu. Zatsopano ndi bwino kusankha tsabola zazikulu, zobiriwira kwambiri. Ziyenera kunyalidwa mu malingaliro kuti zidzafuna chisamaliro chapadera, kudyetsa kawirikawiri ndi bwino.
Zipatso zomwe zili ndi makoma ochepa kwambiri ndi kukula kwake zing'onozing'ono zimakhala zosavuta kwambiri kumalongeza ndi kuphika mbale.
Malamulo oyambirira kuti mupeze mbande za tsabola
Agrotechnical njira za kubzala tsabola ndi zofanana kwa mitundu yonse ndi madera. Kwa banja la anthu atatu kapena anai, tchire makumi awiri pawiri amakhala okwanira.. Kufesa mbewu m'nthaka ndibwino ndi malire, chifukwa ali pafupipafupi Kumera ndi 60-70%.
Musanafese, mukhoza kuwagwiritsira ntchito mphindi zisanu ndi zisanu ndi ziwiri (7-7) mchere wa mchere (2-3 supuni pa madzi okwanira 1 litre). Mbeu za tsabola zimachotsedwa, mwachiwonekere sizidzakula. Timasambitsa zonse ndikusakaniza kwa maola 1-2 mu 1-2% yothetsera potassium permanganate. Kenaka yambani kutsuka madzi.
Mbewu za Pepper - chimodzi mwa zolimba kwambiri zotheka. Pansi pa zinthu zabwino kwambiri, nthawi yofesa ku mphukira yoyamba ikhoza kutha masiku 10 mpaka 20. Kuti afulumire njirayi, amaluwa ambiri amagwiritsa ntchito zolimbikitsa, mwachitsanzo, "Zircon" kapena kumatsitsa.
Monga chikhalidwe chokonda kutentha, tsabola ndi yosamalitsa kwambiri kusintha kwa kutentha, choncho, kuti ukhale wokolola kwambiri mukhoza kuumitsa mbeu asanabzalidwe. Kuti muchite izi, mutengeka pakati pa zigawo zingapo za gauze kwa sabata imodzi kuti mbeuyi ikhale yosasunthira pansi pazenera za firiji ndi firiji. Werengani zambiri za kukonzekera mbewu.
Nthaka ya mbande iyenera kukhala yathanzi. Zitha kugulitsidwa m'sitolo, monga chilengedwe chonse, makamaka kwa tsabola.
Ndi zophweka kukonzekera dothi ndikudzipereka. Kwa ichi magawo awiri a nthaka yosakaniza, gawo limodzi la mchenga, gawo limodzi la peat. 15 magalamu a urea ndi potassium sulphate, magalamu 40 a superphosphate ndi galasi limodzi la nkhuni phulusa amawonjezeredwa mu chidebe chimodzi cha nthaka.
Mizu ya pepper ndi yovuta kwambiri, pamene kukumbidwa kukuvulaza mosavuta ndipo zomera zimatha kuchepetsa kukula kwa nthawi yaitali. Choncho, yankho labwino kwambiri ndi kukula mbande popanda kusankha. Mbewu imabzalidwa nthawi yomweyo m'makapu amtundu wa milliliters 100.
Miphika ya peat ikhoza kukhala imodzi mwazomwe mungasankhe, komanso zitsulo zopangidwa kuchokera kumapangidwe a mapepala angapo. Pamene akulowa mu wowonjezera kutentha samafunikira kumasulidwa, mukhoza kuwaika m'mabotolo okonzeka pamodzi ndi chidebecho. Mu kanthawi kochepa, peat ndi mapepala kuchokera ku chinyontho ndi microflora zidzakhala mbali ya nthaka.
Mukhoza kubzala nyemba m'mitsuko ina, pakadali pano, mukakunkha pansi, muyenera kusamala kwambiri mizu. Zidzakhala zofunikira kubwezeretsa dothi lonse ladothi, kale kuthirira mbewu bwino.
Bzalani mbeu ikhale yakuya 1-1.5 centimita, yatsanulira madzi otentha, kuphimba ndi pulasitiki. Asanamere, kutentha kumaperekedwa kuchokera 2 mpaka 25 madigiri Celsius. Ndiye palibe zosakwana 17 madigiri.
Malamulo a kubzala tsabola m'madera osiyanasiyana
Pozindikira nthawi yofika ndizovuta kugwiritsa ntchito zowerengeka zowerengeka. Tsabola zosiyanasiyana Zingakhale zoyambirira komanso zapakatikati.
Nthawi yochokera ku mphukira yoyamba kupita ku fruiting nthawi zonse imasonyezedwa ndi wopanga mbewu pa phukusi. Amakhala masiku 100-135. Kwa iye timaonjezera nthawi ya kumera kwa masiku 14-21 ndipo, motsogoleredwa ndi nthawi yoyenera yokolola, timawerenga ziwerengero zoyenera.
M'madera osiyanasiyana, chisanu chakumapeto chimatha nthawi zosiyanasiyana. Ngati pali kutentha kwakukulu, mbeu imatha kupezeka masabata 2-3 kale. Apo ayi padzakhala koyenera kuganizira ndi zotheka kuti zikhale zotsika usiku.
- Malamulo a kubzala tsabola chifukwa cha mbande mu Leningrad dera: chifukwa chosungiramo zobiriwira, mbewu zimabzalidwa kumapeto kwa February ndi kumayambiriro kwa March, ndipo kumapeto kwa May mu greenhouses;
- Madeti a kufesa tsabola kwa mbande pakatikati pa Russia - kuyamba kwa kufesa kuyambira 1 mpaka 15 February;
- Mukamabzala tsabola kwa mbande ku Vologda - kumapeto kwa February ndi kumayambiriro kwa March;
- Kodi kudzala tsabola kwa mbande ku Irkutsk? Mwachitsanzo, kum'mawa kwa Siberia, ku Irkutsk, kuyambira pa 15 mpaka 20 February.
Mulimonsemo, ndi bwino kudzala mbande pansi pa masiku 55 mpaka 55, osalola kuti ikule.
Tsabola wowawa ndi zabwino zokometsera. Tsabola wokoma ndi wokoma kwenikweni pakati pa masamba ake. Kukoma kwake ndi fungo ndilopadera, ndipo liri ndi ntchito yaikulu kwambiri pakuphika.
Zakudya zamasamba, saladi, zophika, mchere wothira, mchere komanso mazira osakaniza ndi mazira osiyanasiyana, lecho ndi ketchup - chisankho ichi chiyenera kutsutsana ndi zakudya zabwino. Kukula mbewuyi ndikupeza zokolola zabwino ndizosangalatsa kwambiri!
Zida zothandiza
Werengani nkhani zina pa mbande za tsabola:
- Kulima bwino mbewu ndi kuti zizitsitsimule musanadzalemo?
- Kodi mungapange bwanji nandolo zakuda, tsabola, zowawa kapena zokoma panyumba?
- Zifukwa zazikulu zomwe masambawo amapotoka pa mphukira, mbande zimagwera kapena kutambasula, komanso chifukwa chake zimatha kufa?
- Makhalidwe a kulima mu Mitsinje, ku Siberia ndi ku Moscow.
- Phunzirani yisiti yopangira feteleza maphikidwe.
