Aquilegia mizu ya maluwa imakhala mkatikatikati mwa zaka za m'ma 500 - kukhalapo kwa chomera ichi chakhala chikudziwika kuyambira zaka za m'ma 1300. Iye anajambula pazithunzi zake ndi ojambula a zakale, anaimbidwa ndi ndakatulo, pamatchulidwa ngakhale mu "Hamlet" ya Shakespeare.
Aquilegia Izo ndi za mtundu wa herbaceous perennials, kwa banja la buttercups. Dzina lachilatini ndi Aquilegia, koma anthu amachitcha "nsomba" chifukwa maluwawo ali ndi mawonekedwe omwe amalola kuti agwire ndi kusonkhanitsa madzi amvula. Chijeremusi china chotchedwa "Orlik." Anthu osiyana angapezenso mayina a "Columbine", "nkhunda", "nsapato elf".
Mukudziwa? Kukhalapo kwa maina a maina angapo amafotokozedwa ndi kutanthauzira kosamveka kwa chiyambi cha dzina lachilatini. Malinga ndi buku lina, Aquilegia ndi mawu awiri: "aqua" - madzi ndi "olondola" - kusonkhanitsa. Othandiza pa dzina lomwelo "Orlik" amanena kuti aquilegia analandira dzina lake kuchokera ku liwu lina - "aquila", limene limamasuliridwa kutanthauza "mphungu," chifukwa mabala a duwa amawoneka ngati ziwombankhanga.
Chomerachi chimakondedwa kwambiri ndi florists. Amagwiritsidwanso ntchito ndi chisangalalo chachikulu ndi okonza mapulaneti. Aquilegia ndi yotchuka padziko lonse lapansi. Zitha kupezeka m'mapaki a mayiko a ku Ulaya, m'minda yamaluwa ku North America ndi m'minda ya Asia. Kutchuka kotereku kosatha kuli koyenera, choyamba, maluwa okongola ndi amitundu yosiyanasiyana.
Kuonjezera apo, chomeracho chimakhalabe chokongola kwa nthawi yayitali - kuyambira kasupe mpaka kumapeto kwa nthawi yophukira. Kutulukira mwadzidzidzi aquilegia kukhoza kuyamikiridwa mwezi wonse - malingana ndi dera la kukula, limamasula masika kapena chilimwe.
Mitundu ya mitundu ya aquilegia, komanso dzina lake, mabotaninso alibe lingaliro limodzi - chiwerengerocho chimasiyanasiyana kuyambira 60 mpaka 120. Zina khumi zowonongeka zili pansipa.
Alpine Aquilegia (Aquilegia alpina)
Motherland alpine aquilegia - Western Europe. Chomerachi chimaperekanso ku lamba la Alpine la Central Europe. Nthawi zambiri imamera pamathanthwe ndi m'mphepete mwa nyanja. 
Kufikira kukula mu masentimita 30-40. Ndibwino kusamalidwa kungakule kawiri kuposa. Maluwa a Aquilegia alpina ali ndi buluu wobiriwira, wabuluu kapena wofiirira. Amamasula m'mawa kapena kumapeto kwa chilimwe.
Ndikofunikira! Mkhalidwe wa kukula kwa aqualgia Alpine kufuna. Maluwa ochulukirapo angapezeke kokha ngati malamulo okhwima asamalidwe.Posankha malo oti mubzala mbewuyi, munthu ayenera kuganizira kuti amasankha madera ochepa kapena a dzuwa. Zomera zomwe zimabzalidwa mumthunzi, zimakhala zosavuta kudwala matenda, zimayambidwa ndi tizirombo ndipo sizikuphulika.
Zosatha zimakula bwino m'nthaka yachonde ndi yachonde. Koma polemera dongo, acidic, saline dothi ndi kuchuluka kwa chinyezi, sangathe kukhala ndi moyo.
Zimafalitsidwa ndi mbewu za mtundu uwu. Kufesa kwachitika masika kapena autumn. Musanadzalemo, ndibwino kuti manyowa awonjezere nthaka ndi zowonjezera. Zitsime zabzala zimakumba kuposa 25-30 masentimita. Mtunda pakati pa zomera uyenera kukhala osachepera 30 cm.
Zipatso ziyenera kuyembekezera masabata angapo mutabzala. Kubalana ndi cuttings ndi kugawaniza mizu ndi kotheka.
Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tizilombo toyambitsa matenda komanso tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, koma ndi kubzala bwino komanso kusamalira bwino. Ngati malamulo akuphwanyidwa, chomeracho chingakhudze matenda monga spotting, dzimbiri, powdery mildew, gray gray. Pakati pa tizilombo toyambitsa matendawa, nsabwe za m'masamba, njenjete, nthata ndi otembenuza masamba ndizoopsa kwambiri.
Pofuna kupewa matenda, ndiye kuti nthawi zonse amasula nthaka ndikuchotsa namsongole. Kuthirira kumakhala koyenera.
Pogwiritsa ntchito malo, mtundu uwu wosatha umagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga mapiri a miyala, kutsogolo kwa mixborders ndi rabatkah.
Ndikofunikira! Mukamabzala aquilegia muyenera kukumbukira kuti ziwalo zake zonse zili poizoni, makamaka mbewu. Musalole ana kuti alowe mkamwa mwawo ngakhale maluwa, kapena masamba, kapena zipatso, chifukwa izi zingayambitse zotsatira zake: Kuchokera m'mimba kupita ku chidziwitso.
Aquilegia bertolonii (Aquilegia bertolonii)
Maluwa okongola aquilegia bertoloni Kumapeto kwa mwezi wa April - kumayambiriro kwa mwezi wa May, munthu amatha kuwonekera pamapiri a kum'mwera kwa Alps. Mitengo ya zomera za mitundu iyi imakhala ndi masentimita 15 okha, kotero izo ndi za mitundu yochepa. Ngakhale kuti yayitali, maluwa a Aquilegia bertolonii ndi aakulu.
Mu zokongoletsa munda chikhalidwe, mtundu umenewu umagwiritsidwa ntchito pogwiritsa ntchito minda yamaluwa ndi zolemba.
Aquilegia flabellata
Akvilegiya-kapena Akita imakula pamwamba pa miyala ndi mapiri pamwamba pa Far East ndi Northern Japan. Amakonda kukhala pamabwato. Kawirikawiri ndi olimba. 
Ili ndi kutalika kwa masentimita 30-60 ndi kukula kwake kamaluwa (5-6 masentimita). Zimakhalira kumapeto kwa May. Maluwa mwa mitundu iyi ndi amitundu awiri - lilac-buluu ndi malire oyera. Spurs amawakweza kwambiri.
Ndibwino kuti mutha kukwaniritsa maluwa ochulukirapo kuposa momwe amachitira zosiyanasiyana - kuyambira pa mphindi imodzi mpaka zisanu. Nthawi ya maluwa ndi yayitali kuposa ya mitundu ina - masabata 2-3.
Kuswana kosatha kumera. Kawirikawiri tchire zimakula bwino.
Aquilegia Canadensis (Aquilegia canadensis)
Monga dzina limatanthawuzira, chiyambi cha mitundu iyi ndi North America. Ku Ulaya minda imapezeka mosavuta. Amakonda kuwala, dothi lamchenga, loam. 
Maluwa a mitundu imeneyi ali ndi phokoso lakuda ndi mtundu wofiira. Zimayambira kukula mpaka masentimita 60. Pali maluwa 2-3 pa tsinde lililonse. Amamphuka mu May ndi June.
Amafalikira ndi mbewu, cuttings ndi kugawa kwa tsinde. Ali ndipamwamba kwambiri chisanu kukana. Sichifuna malo ogona.
Aquilegia karelinii
Mitundu imeneyi imatchedwa dzina lake Grigori Karelin. Malo a kukula kwake ndi nkhalango za ku Central Asia. Zitha kufika kutalika kwa masentimita 80. Maluwawo ndi ofiira kapena amdima wofiira, masamba ndi obiriwira. Mbalameyi imakhala yokhotakhota mkati mwake, zomwe zimapangitsa mphukira kuoneka ngati nsapato. 
Mukudziwa? Chifukwa cha mtundu uwu wa maluwa ku Germany, mtundu uwu umatchedwa "elf nsapato".Mu chikhalidwe, aquilgia Karelin ikhoza kukhala yaikulu - mpaka 20 cm, kotero imagwiritsidwa ntchito mwakhama kukongoletsa njira za m'munda, minda yamaluwa ndi malire.
Aquilegia vulgaris
Ngati simukudziŵa bwino kwambiri zenizeni za izi zosatha, ndiye kuti zidzakhala zovuta kusiyanitsa Aquilegia vulgaris kuchokera ku mitundu yofotokozedwa pamwambayi. Chowonadi ndi chakuti maluwa awiriwa asanakhale ndi mitundu yofanana.
Komabe, nsomba za anthu wamba zimakhala ndi zizindikiro zake. Mitundu iyi ya ku Ulaya ikhoza kukula kuyambira masentimita 40 mpaka 60. Maluwa a aquilegia ndi obiriwira, ochepa - mpaka masentimita asanu, m'mitundu yosiyanasiyana: mdima wofiira, wofiirira, buluu, wachikasu, pinki, woyera. Ngakhale izo zingakhalenso zopanda nsalu, popanda ndi spurs. Mphukira kuyambira May mpaka July.
Chomeracho chimakhala chosakanizidwa ndi kuzizira, chimatha kupirira kutentha mpaka -35 ºС.
Mukudziwa? Nsombazi zimakonda kwambiri a British. Chaka chilichonse pachiwonetsero chachingelezi chachingelezi cha Chelsea, chimakhala chachikulu pa maluwa amenewa, kusonyeza zachilendo mitundu ndi zatsopano zosakanizidwa.
Aquilegia Skinner (Aquilégia skínneri)
Habitat Aquilagia skínneri - North America ndi Mexico, choncho mitundu iyi imatha kulekerera kutentha kwabwino. Amakula mpaka masentimita 80. 
Mphukira mu fanizo ili ndi lokongola kwambiri, yamitundu iwiri: sepals - chikasu-lalanje, kuphulika - wofiira. Maluwawo ndi ang'onoang'ono, mpaka masentimita 4. Kuphulika kumapeto kwa chilimwe, pachimake chimatha masiku 25-30.
Mosiyana ndi mitundu ina, imakonda dothi louma. Mitundu ya terryyi imagwiritsidwa ntchito m'minda yamaluwa komanso pamasamba, pa rabatkah, komanso mumaluwa.
Siberia aquilegia (Aquilegia sibirica)
Iwo amakhala kumadzulo ndi kummawa kwa Siberia. Amapezeka ku Central Asia ndi Mongolia. Kutalika kwa aquilegia iyi ndi masentimita 70. 
Maluwawo ndi a sing'anga, ndi ochepa thupi, ofiirira, osakhala oyera. Maluwa amayamba kumapeto kwa May. Maluwa amakula kwambiri, pachimake kwambiri, masamba ndi ofiira-wobiriwira. Mitunduyi imagonjetsedwa ndi kutentha kwakukulu.
Madzi amchere (aquilegia atrata)
Mitundu imeneyi imachokera ku Alps ndi Apennines, imamera pamatanthwe ndi mapiri pamtunda wa mamita 2000 pamwamba pa nyanja. Ili kufika kutalika kwa masentimita 60. Amakonda mchenga, dongo la dothi. Mu chilala, kuthirira n'kofunika. 
Ndiyodalirika kwa maluti aang'ono a mdima ndi mdima wonyezimira. Mitengo yaying'ono, mpaka masentimita 4. Awapangire iwo amfupi ndi ozungulira mkati. Amamasula kumapeto kwa masika - mu June. Masamba amatenga kasupe.
Madzi otchedwa aquilegia otsikawa amalimidwa kuti azikongoletsa minda yamwala, yosakaniza mabedi ndi maluwa. Ngakhale zabwino chisanu kukana, m'nyengo yozizira amafuna malo okhala m'nyengo yozizira.
Aquilegia atrovinosa (aquilegia atrovinosa)
Aquilegia atrovinosa amadziŵika kwambiri ndi anthu a ku China ndi Kazakhs. Ndiko komwe mitunduyi imapezeka kwambiri. Chomeracho ndi cha kutalika kwapakati. Maluwa ndi mdima wofiira komanso wofiirira. Sepals temnozhilkovye, zosiyana. Mu chikhalidwe, mitundu iyi ndi yosawerengeka. 
Monga mukuonera, mitundu yonse ya mitsinje ndi yokongola mwa njira yawo, kukopa chidwi, ndi kupanga paki iliyonse kapena munda wapadera. Komabe, posankha mitundu ya mitundu ya aquilegia kubzala, tikukulangizani kuti muyambe kugula moyenera mbewu. Ndi bwino kugulira m'minda, monga momwe mbeu zambiri za chiyambi zimagulitsidwira.
