Khola la ng'ombe - malingaliro a ziweto, amagwiritsidwa ntchito monga zomangamanga, monga biofuel, kupanga mapepala komanso biogas. Koma makamaka, ndithudi, izi ndi zodabwitsa organic fetereza. Ndi yabwino kwa mitundu yonse ya zomera: mitengo ya zipatso, ndi masamba (kuwonjezera zokolola za mbewu), komanso zipatso.
Mukudziwa? Mawu akuti "manyowa" amapezeka m'malemba ochokera m'zaka za m'ma 1600. Izi ndizochokera ku mawu oti "ndowe" ndipo kwenikweni amatanthawuza "zomwe zimabweretsa."
Zomwe zimapangidwa ndi phindu lopangidwa ndi ndowe za ng'ombe
Manyowa a khola amagwiritsidwa ntchito kufesa nthaka zonse. Koma nkofunika kufotokozera zinthu zoterezi, osati kudula nthaka ndi kulingalira zolemba zake:
- nayitrogeni - 0,5%,
- madzi - 77.3%,
- potaziyamu - 0.59%,
- calcium - 0,4%,
- zowonongeka - 20.3%,
- phosphorus - 0.23%.
Ndikofunikira! Muzitsulo zamadzimadzi zatsopano, mwazinthu zina, zili ndi nyongolotsi zambiri mazira. Choncho, gwiritsani ntchito zipangizo zoteteza. Pambuyo pa composting kapena fermentation, vutoli lidzathetsedwa.
Mafuta otentha a mullein ndi otsika, mwachitsanzo, ku manyowa a kavalo, ndi olemera kwambiri ndipo amathandiza pang'onopang'ono kukula kwa zomera, koma zotsatira zake ndi yunifolomu yochuluka ndi yaitali. Korovyak akhoza kuonjezera kwambiri zokolola za nthaka, kukulitsa kukula kwa mizu ya mbewu. Manyowawa amabwezeretsanso bwino nthaka ndi mchenga wa mchenga, komanso osachepera - dothi loyenera, lolemera ndi lamphamvu podzol. Chifukwa cha kuchepa kwa zakudya zake, zimateteza chipatso cha saturation ndi nitrates.
Chidebe chomwe chimapanga manyowa chimakhudza kwambiri zomwe zimapezeka chifukwa cha manyowa.
Mukudziwa? Malingana ndi zolemba za Vedic, zomwe zimapindulitsa za ndowe za ng'ombe ndizo kuyeretsa kwake (thupi lachinsinsi). Choncho, ma tempile a Vedic amatsukidwa tsiku ndi tsiku ndi ndowe za ng'ombe, osati zotupa.
Ng'ombe Zobiriwira
Manyowa amatha kupatulidwa m'magawo anayi pansipa.
Mchere watsopano
Pofuna kuti asawononge zomera, izi, ndithudi, zowonjezera fetereza ziyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito, kutsatira malamulo ena. Polibweretsa mu kugwa, mutatha kukolola (musanakhalepo musanayambe kubzala) pamlingo wa makilogalamu 40/10 sq. m. Musagwiritse ntchito mwachindunji pa zomera zazing'ono, zimayambira, masamba, mizu. Izo zikhoza kungowatentha iwo. Kupatulapo nkhaka. Mbewu imeneyi imakhala ndi ubweya wabwino komanso wokwanira wa nayitrogeni kuchokera ku ndowe yatsopano ya ng'ombe.
Litter mullein
Litter mullein ndi manyowa wothira udzu, udzu kapena zinyalala zina. Mwachitsanzo, ngati peat amagwiritsidwa ntchito, ndiye feteleza iyi imakhala ndi ammonium nayitrogeni, yomwe imadalira kwambiri zomera kuposa nthawi zonse. Ndipo mukamagwiritsa ntchito udzu kapena udzu, potaziyamu ndi phosphorous ziyenera kukhala zofunikira kuti zomera zisamangidwe komanso kuti azilephera kutentha kwambiri. Manyowa amtundu umenewu amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati feteleza chokwanira komanso yopanga kompositi.
Flossy Mullein
Manyowa amphamvu ndi ofulumira a mtundu umenewu ali ndi njira yothetsera vutoli, mofanana ndi udzu, udzu, peat kapena zinyalala zina. Lili ndi nayitrogeni yamadzi yambiri ndipo imagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga madzi ambiri.
Manyowa slurry
Pofuna kukonza slurry, lembani 1/3 ya bukuli ndi mullein ndi pamwambapo ndi madzi, kusakaniza ndi kuchoka kuti mupange kwa masabata awiri, ndipo kulowetsedwa komwekukuyenera kuchepetsedwa katatu kokha asanawonjezere nthaka ngati feteleza. Manyowa oterewa amagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi yothirira mitengo ya zipatso, mbewu za m'munda, monga mizu pamwamba pake (kuwonjezera 50 g wa superphosphate pa 10 l).
Kugwiritsira ntchito mullein: ndi zomera ziti zomwe zimakonda kwambiri kubzala ndowe za ng'ombe
Mu mawonekedwe a ng'ombe yowola, mukhoza kudyetsa pafupifupi mbewu iliyonse. Ndibwino kuti mukuwerenga mbewu zabwino. Pambuyo popanga zokolola za mbatata, zipatso ndi tirigu zinawonjezeka ndi 30-50%. Ndibwino kuti mupange m'nyengo yachisanu (4-5 kg / 10 sq. M). Ikhoza kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chivundikiro cha mulch kwa mitengo ya mitengo ya zipatso, zokongola zomera, munda maluwa, sitiroberi malo.
Zomera zambiri zimayankha bwino kuvala ndi ndowe ya ng'ombe. Izi zimaphatikizapo biringanya, zukini, tsabola, letesi, beets, udzu winawake, nkhaka, phwetekere, dzungu. Ambiri mizu ya zamasamba (anyezi, kaloti, radishes, turnips, adyo) safuna kuyeza kwa nayitrogeni. Iwo mwina sangayankhe pa feteleza chotero, kapena iwo adzapeza nsonga zobiriwira ndi zovuta, zowonjezereka. Zosiyana ndi beets.
Mungasunge bwanji ndowe ya ng'ombe
Chifukwa cha kuwonongeka kwa manyowa, manyowa akhoza kugawidwa kukhala mullein watsopano, theka lavunda (pambuyo pa miyezi 3-4 yosungirako bwino), ovunda kwathunthu kapena humus (pambuyo pa miyezi 6-12).
Manyowa atsopano akhoza kulowetsedwa mu zitsulo, mulole iwo aziwombera kwa masiku angapo ndikugwiritsa ntchito monga kuvala kwapamwamba.
Kwa manyowa ovunda, mungagwiritse ntchito njira ya anaerobic. Ikani manyowa pamalo omwe amachotsedwa udzu, kuphimba ndi nthaka, peat, roofing anamva kapena filimu.
Sikoyenera kusungira ndowe ya ng'ombe ku mulu, chifukwa pambuyo pa miyezi 4-5 nayitrogeni idzasanduka mpweya kuchokera pamenepo, ndipo popeza pali njira zina, sizingavomerezedwe kuzigwiritsa ntchito. Gwiritsani ntchito bwino njira ziwirizi. Ikani manyowa atsopano pang'onopang'ono, ndipo kutentha kwake kufika kufika pa 60 ° C, kulimbitsa ndi kuliphimba ndi mpira wa peat, udzu kapena zinthu zina. Mukamayanika - kutsanulira manyowa slurry.
Ndikofunikira! Ngati mukufuna kuchepetsa kutayika kwa nayitrogeni, yonjezerani mlingo wa zinyalala, ndipo panthawi yowonjezera yonjezani 1-3% superphosphate kapena ufa wa phosphorus.
Ubwino wogwiritsa ntchito ndowe za ng'ombe m'munda
Ndalama yaikulu ya manyowa a ng'ombe ndi kupezeka kwake, mtengo wotsika komanso wodalirika. Ichi ndi feteleza chothandiza kwambiri chomwe chimapanga chomera chonde ndipo sichitha kuchepetsa, monga momwe zilili ndi feteleza mchere. Kuphatikiza apo, lili ndi zofunikira zomwe zimapangidwira chitukuko cha zomera ndi zinthu zina zothandiza. Ndipo potaziyamu ndi magnesium zimachepetsa acidity m'nthaka.
Pambuyo pa feteleza zomera ndi mullein, dothi la tizilombo toyambitsa matenda limakula kwambiri, kulimbikitsana kowonjezera kwa zakudya zomwe zimakhala ndi zakudya. Mpweya wa carbon dioxide umene umatulutsa panthawi yolima manyowa ndi wofunika kwambiri pazithunzi za zomera. Zimaperekanso kutentha kwa dera la mizu, lomwe ndi lofunikira pa chitukuko cha zomera. Pokumbukira kuti 25% ya nayitrogeni imatha kudya chaka choyamba, ndipo 75% - pamapeto pake, timatha kunena kuti nthaka yokhala ndi manyowa idzagwira ntchito kwa zaka zingapo, zomwe ndizo zopindulitsa.
Manyowa a khola amagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi wamaluwa ambiri ndi wamaluwa, chifukwa ndi chirengedwe cha zinthu zakuthupi ndi mchere zomwe zimafunika kuti feteleza apamwamba kwambiri a nthaka. Ndipo ngati mutatsatira malamulo osavuta, feteleza iyi imangothandiza zomera zanu zokha.
