Mitundu yambiri ya crocuses

Nkhokwe zikhoza kutchedwa kuti harbingers yoyamba ya masika, ngakhale pali mitundu yomwe imatuluka pachigwa. Iwo ndi a banja la iris ndipo ali ndi zomera zochepa zomwe zimatha kuphulika. Lero pali mitundu pafupifupi mazana atatu ya zomera. Mitunduyi imasiyana maluwa ndi maluwa.

Mukudziwa? Dzina lakuti "Crocus" limachokera ku Chigiriki chakale ndipo amatembenuzidwa ngati "ulusi", "zida", ndi "safironi" - kuchokera ku Arabiya ndipo amatembenuzidwa ngati "chikasu".

Taganizirani mitundu ya mitundu ya mitundu ya mitundu ndi mitundu yawo.

Adams Safironi (Crocus Adami)

Amatchedwa kulemekeza wa botanist M.I. Adam. Mitunduyi imatchedwa Central Caucasus, Iran. Peduncle ili ndi kutalika kwa masentimita 4-6. Maluwa akhoza kukhala kuchokera ku kuwala kwala ndi kufiira mdima wofiira ndi mtundu wofiira kapena wachikasu pakati pa 3-5 masentimita. Masamba ndi opapatiza, akukula motalika 5-7 cm. Nthawi ya maluwa ndi theka lachiwiri la mwezi wa April ndipo imatha masiku 25.

Safirara ya Altavsky (Crocus alatavicus)

Dziko lachilengedwe la mitundu ndi Central Asia. Peduncle ili ndi kutalika kwa masentimita 6 mpaka 8. Maluwawo ndi oyera ndi malo achikasu, kunja kwa mdima wofiirira. Masamba woonda 3-5 masentimita yaitali azioneka pa maluwa. Chomera chimamasula kumayambiriro kwa April kwa masiku 20-25.

Safironi yachitsulo (Crocus banaticus)

Kutalika kwa chomera ndi 15-30 masentimita Masamba ndi ofooka, masentimita 15 kutalika. Maluwawo ndi otumbululuka lilac kapena lilac ndi zisanu ndi chimodzi. Zilonda zitatu za mkatikati ndizochepa kwambiri kuposa zamoyo zitatu zazing'ono. Nthawi yamaluwa ndi September. Zalembedwa m'buku lofiira la Serbia ndi Ukraine.

Ndikofunikira! Olima amalima nthawi zambiri amalimbikitsidwa kukakamiza crocuses - kukula zomera mpaka tsiku linalake, mwachitsanzo, pa March 8 kapena Chaka Chatsopano. Kulima koteroko kuli ndi zinsinsi zambiri komanso zinsinsi.

Saffron ya Spring (Crocus vernus)

Bzalani kutalika kwa masentimita 15. Mtundu wa maluwa ukhoza kukhala woyera, wofiirira, wofiira wa mamita 3.5-5 masentimita. Mbali zakunja za perianth ndi zazikulu kwambiri kuposa zamkati. Matenda a amayi amasinthidwa pachaka. Tsinde la mbeu silimakula. Nthawi ya maluwa ndi theka lachiwiri la mwezi wa April. Mitundu imeneyi ili ndi mitundu yambiri:

• "Agnes" - duwa lokhala ndi masentimita 3.5 a kuwala kwa lilac ndi malire a siliva;
• "Vanguard" - duwa lokhala ndi masentimita 4.5 masentimita bluu-mtundu wofiirira, kunja kwa siliva, umamasula mu April;
• "Ulemelero wa Sassenheim" - duwa lokhala ndi awiri a masentimita asanu masentimita a mdima wofiira ndi zofiira zofiira ndi zofiirira;
• "Jubili" - duwa lokhala ndi masentimita asanu (5 cm) a buluu, mtundu wowala ndi nsalu yofiira;
• "Jeanne d'arc" - duwa lokhala ndi masentimita 9 oyera;
• "Mfumukazi ya Blues" - duwa lokhala ndi masentimita 4.5 masentimita owala buluu, okhala ndi mzere wowala ndi mdima wakuda;
• "Kathleen Perlow" - duwa lokhala ndi masentimita 4,5 mu white;
• "Dorrit wamng'ono" - duwa la siliva-mtundu wa buluu;
• "Nigro Boy" - duwa lokhala ndi masentimita 4,5 mumdima wofiirira wofiira, wofiira kumapeto kwa May;
• "Pallas" - duwa lokhala ndi masentimita 5 masentimita amitundu yofiira ndi lilac mikwingwirima ndi nsalu zofiirira;
• "Paulus Potter" - duwa lokhala ndi masentimita 5 masentimita mu mdima wofiira ndi wofiira tinge;
• Purpureu Grandiflora - duwa ndi m'mimba mwake wa 4.5 masentimita wofiirira ndi mdima wakuda;
• "Zikumbutso" - duwa lokhala ndi masentimita 5.5 wofiirira-siliva ndi mdima wakuda;
• "Snowstar" - duwa lokhala ndi masentimita 5 masentimita oyera ndi lofiirira mikwingwirima pamunsi;
• "Dothi la Maluwa" - duwa lokhala ndi masentimita 11, lofiirira, limatanthauzira ku zinyama za Dutch. Bzalani kutalika mpaka masentimita 15, masamba amveke pambuyo pa maluwa. Maluwa kwa masiku 25.

Safirisi ya Geifel (Crocus heuffelianus)

Amatchedwa kulemekeza wa botanist wa zaka za zana la khumi ndi anayi. I. Geyfelya. Dziko lakwawo limatengedwa Transcarpathia ndi Western Europe. Ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya kasupe wa masika ndipo ndi imodzi mwa ma crocuses opambana masika. Maluwawo ndi aakulu masentimita 10-12, ndipo masamba pamaluwa amakhala 2-5 masentimita. Nthawi yamaluwa - chiyambi cha April kwa masiku 25. Chomera kukula kwa duwa ndi zokongola sizochepa kwa Dutch hybrids.

Safironi yotchedwa Golden-flowered (Crocus chrysanthus)

Amakula mpaka kutalika kwa masentimita 20. Masambawa ndi opapatiza ndipo amapezeka mu April pamodzi ndi maluwa. Nthawi ya maluwa mpaka masiku 20. Maluwa ndi mtundu wa golidi ndi zigawo zowonongeka za perianth. Mitundu yowonjezereka ya mtundu uwu:

• "Bonnu Blue" - maluwa a buluu okhala ndi chikasu;
• "Chipale chofewa" - maluwa oyera;
• "Cream Beauty" - maluwa okoma mtundu.

Korolkov safironi (Crocus korolkowii)

Dziko lachilendo la Korolkov Crocus ndi Northern Uzbekistan. Amakula 10-30 cm wamtali ndi maluwa okongola a lalanje ndi mikwingwirima yofiira panja. Masambawa amathyoledwa ndi mzere woyera pakatikati ndi masentimita 5-6 ndipo umamasula kumayambiriro kwa mwezi wa April. Olembedwa mu Bukhu Loyera.

Safironi ya Pallas (Crocus pallasii)

Amagwira pansi, osapitirira 5-6 masentimita, sukulu. Maluwawo ndi ofiira ofiirira ndi pinki tinge ndipo amakhala ndi phokoso lofiirira ndipo amafika mamita masentimita awiri. Masamba apang'ono, mpaka masentimita 20, amawoneka mu April.

Safironi yabwino (Crocus speciosus)

Zili mwa mitundu yotchuka kwambiri. Maluwawo ndi aakulu, mpaka masentimita 12 m'mimba mwake, buluu-violet mtundu ndi mitsempha yakuda kapena yofiirira. Crocus wa mitundu iyi ndi ya m'dzinja maluwa. Chiyambi cha maluwa chimayamba mu September ndipo chimakhala kwa mwezi umodzi. Masamba 20-30 cm masentimita ndi 0.6-1.3 masentimita lonse akuwoneka masika ndikufa m'chilimwe. Mitundu yowonjezereka ya mtundu uwu:

• "Albus" - maluwa oyera;
• "Artabir" - maluwa a mtundu wa lilac;
• "Kassiope" - maluwa a buluu;
• "Oxonion" - maluwa a mtundu wakuda buluu;
• "Pallux" - maluwa ofiira mtundu wofiirira.

Safironi ndi wachikasu (Crocus flarus Weston)

Kutalika kwa peduncle ndi masentimita 5-8. Maluwawo ndi golide-lalanje wobiriwira ndi mikwingwirima yofiirira ya kunja, kufika pamtunda wa masentimita 6 mpaka 7. Maluwawo ndi pakati pa April.

Mukudziwa? Zovala za mafumu akale zinali zachikasu. Iwo anali odetsedwa ndi safironi. Ndipo wakale China yekha mfumu ankagwiritsa ntchito safironi utoto. Palibe wina yemwe analoledwa kuchita izi.

Safironi Net (Crocus reticulatus)

Dziko lakwawo limatchedwa kuti Central ndi Southern Europe, Caucasus ndi Asia Minor. Masamba a chomerawo ndi owonda, kutalika kwake pa nthawi ya maluwa ndi 2-4 masentimita, ndipo kutalika kwa duwa ndi 6-10 cm. Maluwa 2-4 amakula kuchokera ku babu. Maluwawo ndi ofiira ofiirira ndi mikwingwirima yofiirira kunja kwa pakati pa masentimita 3-4. Nthawi yamaluwa ndi theka la mwezi wa April kwa masiku 25. Olembedwa mu Bukhu Loyera.

Tomazini safironi (Crocus tomasinianus)

Nkhalangoyi imatchedwa Yugoslavia, Hungary. Akufotokoza kwambiri wodzichepetsa kasupe mitundu. Amakhoza kukula m'malo amdima. Chiyambi cha maluwa chimayamba mu April. Maluwa a pinki ndi lilac ndi mapaundi ozungulira awiri kufika masentimita 3-5. Kutalika kwa masamba pa nthawi ya maluwa ndi masentimita 7. Nthawi yamaluwa ndi kuyamba kwa April kwa masiku 20-25. Amasiyanitsa luso la kubalana kwakukulu: chifukwa nyengo imakula kufika ku six tubers zatsopano. Mitundu ya mitundu iyi ndi izi:

• "Bar" - maluwa a mtundu wa lilac;
• "Ruby Giant" - lalikulu maluwa a mdima wofiira-wofiira;
• "Whitewell Purple" - maluwa a mdima wofiira-lilac ndi centre mauve.

Saffron ya Angustifolia (Crocus angustifolius)

Mu 1587, mtundu uwu wa crocuses unabweretsedwa kuchokera ku Constantinople kupita ku Imperial Botanical Garden ya Vienna. M'chilengedwe, mumapezeka ku Crimea, Balkans ndi Asia Minor. Kutalika kwa zomera kumakhala masentimita 15. Maluwa a mtundu uwu wa crocuses ndi golide wachikasu, kunja kwake ali ndi mizere itatu yofiira ya brownish, 2.5 masentimita mwake. Masambawa ndi ofooka, amafika kutalika kwa masentimita 20-25. Nthawi yamaluwa ndi April.

Safironi yotchedwa Sage (Crocus sativus)

India imaonedwa kuti ndi malo obadwirako. Dziko likukula pa mafakitale kwa mafakitale a zakudya. Kutalika kwazomera 15-30 cm ndi masamba ochepa. Maluwa ndi ofiira ofiirira kapena oyera omwe ali ndi magawo asanu ndi amodzi. Maluwa amatha pafupifupi masabata awiri. Amatanthawuza ku hybrids.

Ndikofunikira! Safironi ikuwonjezeredwa ku mtanda, pilaf kuti apereke mtundu wokongola ndi fungo losangalatsa. Kujambula 3 malita a madzi achikasu, ziphuphu ziwiri za safironi zili zokwanira.

Safira safironi (Crocus sieberi)

Dziko lakwawo limatchedwa Greece, Bulgaria, Macedonia. Imatengedwa kuti ndi imodzi mwa mitundu yokongola kwambiri ya ma crocuses. Kutalika kwa chomera ndi masentimita 8 mpaka 10. Maluwawo ali ndi mtundu wa tricolor ndipo ukhoza kukhala wochokera ku pinki mpaka kufiira. Pakatikati mwa duwa ndi wachikasu. Tikaganizira kuti nkhumba zili zotani, tikhoza kunena kuti akhoza kukula mdziko lonse komanso pawindo. Kusankhidwa kwa cultivars ya crocus kuyenera kukhazikitsidwa pa nthawi ya maluwa ndi mtundu wa maluwa. Muyeneranso kumvetsera kukula kwa maluwa ndi nthawi yamaluwa. Pogwiritsa ntchito mitundu yosiyana, ndizotheka kukwaniritsa ma crocuses omwe adzaphuka mosalekeza ndipo adzakusangalatsani kwa nthawi yaitali.