Chokondweretsa ndi chokongola petunia maluwa, ngakhale kuti sagonjetsedwa ndi mitundu yonse ya matenda ndipo amazoloŵera kukula mu mikhalidwe yapamwamba chinyezi ndi kutentha, koma ife tiri pamunda wam'mbuyo ndiyeso lenileni.
Zambiri mwa tizirombo ndi matenda zimalowa m'munda pamodzi ndi mbande, kotero ngati mukufuna kukula petunia m'dera mwanu, muyenera kudziwa pang'ono za momwe mungagwiritsire ntchito matenda ndi majeremusi osiyanasiyana.
Njira zothana ndi matenda a petunia
Chiwerengero cha matenda omwe am'munda angakumane nawo si ochepa. Mfundo yofunika ndikuteteza matenda a petunias, makamaka makamaka chifukwa cha kukula kwake.
Dziko la Petunia ndi South America ndi mkulu wa chinyezi ndi kutentha. Chifukwa chake, chomeracho sichimveka bwino m'maganizo athu ndipo chimawonekera ku matenda osiyanasiyana.
Komabe, posamala za wolima munda, kum'mwera kukongola kudzakusangalatsani kwa zaka zambiri. Matenda a chomerachi akhoza kukhala mavairasi ndi mabakiteriya kapena fungal.
Mukudziwa? Atapezeka mu 1921, asteroid imatchedwa petunias.
Mame a Mealy
Mame a Mealy - matenda a fungal omwe amakhala kumtunda. Choyambitsa chitukuko cha matendawa ndi mphepo yozizira, kuthirira mosalekeza, ndizomwe zimakhala zobiriwira, komanso zimakhala ndi nayitrogeni. 
Kawirikawiri matenda a mildew amapezeka ku zomera zambiri zomwe zikukula kapena kudzera mwa madzi owonongeka panthawi ya kuthirira. Yang'anani mwamsanga vuto - osati zophweka.
Poyamba, bowa amawoneka pambali pafupi ndi muzu ngati chipika choyera, koma kenaka mphukira ndi masamba zimaphimba. Mapeto a chitukuko cha matendawa ndi kuvunda ndi imfa ya duwa.
Pochizira powdery mildew Petunia ayenera kuchotsa masamba onse owonongeka ndi masamba. Onetsetsani kuti mutachotsa dothi la pamwamba, mutengere ndi nthaka yabwino.
Muyeneranso kuchiza chomeracho ndi "Topaz", kapena mankhwala omwewo, poonetsetsa kuti yankho likuphimba maluwa onse.
M'tsogolomu, sungani kuthirira ndipo musalole kuti zomera zisamaye, zomwe zingathandize kuteteza petunia ku matendawa.
Brown malo
Wothandizira matendawa ndi bowa, omwe amawonetseredwa chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa mpweya wa mpweya kapena chifukwa cha kuwonongeka kwa zomera.
Kuzindikira matendawa ndi kophweka; wina amangoyang'anitsitsa Mabala achidawuni omwe nthawi zambiri amatenga chimbudzi chowuma. Mawanga akuwala amapezeka m'malo awa kumene posachedwa fosal spores amapanga.
Masamba okhala ndi mawanga a bulauni amayamba kutha ndipo posachedwa amafa. Polimbana ndi malo a bulauni, nkofunika kudula ndi kuwononga masamba omwe ali ndi matenda ndipo nthawi yomweyo chotsani masamba otsala.
Kwa prophylaxis Maluwa ayenera kupatsidwa njira zothetsera mkuwa (mkuwa oxychloride kapena Oxyhom adzagwira bwino). Kuyenera kuchitidwa ndi nthawi ya masiku khumi.
Vuto loyera
Chiyambi cha maonekedwe zovunda zoyera ndi chinyezi chakuya kutentha. Kuonjezera apo, zobiriwira zimayambira ndikukula ndikukula, makamaka kuphatikizapo nthaka yosavuta.
Maluwa amatha kukhala ndi kachilombo kokha mwa kuwonongeka, komanso powombera bowa kudzera mu stomata. Matendawa amadziwonekera mu mawonekedwe malo obiriwira otentha, ndipo pamakhala mvula yambiri imatha kuwonekera pachimake choyera.
Zimayambira kuonongeka ndi zovunda zoyera kukhala zofewa ndi zowala. Macelium amapangidwa mu phesi ndi pamwamba, zomwe posachedwa zimakula mu sclerotia.
Mphukira yomwe ili pamwamba pa gawo lokhudzidwa imatha kwathunthu. Mwanjira iyi, zowola zimatha kugwira mbali zonse za duwa.
Kulimbana ndi matendawa, kukumba kwathunthu ndi kukhuta kwa nthaka ndi laimu ndikofunikira. Zonse zowonongeka ndi masamba amachotsedwa nthawi yomweyo, kenako amachotsedwa ndi makala.
Kuti apitirize kukula Matenda akhoza kutsanuliridwa kuzungulira chomeracho ndi phulusa loswa, koma kuthetsa kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala omwe angapezeke mosavuta m'masitolo amakono, komabe palibe ofunika.
Mukudziwa? Petunia nthawi zambiri amatchedwa "Balcony chomera"
Kuvunda kofiira
Madzi ovunda Nthaŵi zambiri zimakhala zotsatira za kubzala kwakukulu, kuwonjezereka-kutsekemera kwa nthaka ndi kutentha kwakukulu. Matendawa amalekerera bwino kutentha, ndipo amatha kukhala ngati 3 ° C.
Akakhala ndi chinyezi chovunda, zimayambira pafupi ndi mizu yomwe imadzaza ndi mafuta, mawanga a brownish. Masamba akuwongolera ndi kumira. Sclerotia amapangidwa pa tsinde, yokutidwa ndi maluwa. Zomera zimatha kudulidwa, zachikasu ndi kufa. Katemera akhoza kutenga petunia pa msinkhu uliwonse.
Pamene akumenyana ndi matenda, m'pofunika kuchotsa zomera, komanso kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala apadera (mwachitsanzo, Ridomil kapena Phindu).
Kuchenjeza Matenda amatha kuchiritsidwa ndi zomera za Phytosporin.
Grey kuvunda
Kutentha kwapafupi ndi mbeu yakuda kungapangitse imvi zowola petunias. Komanso, chitukuko cha matendawa chimakhudzidwa ndi kusowa kwa kuwala komanso kumwa nayitrogeni m'nthaka. Zimayambira ndi masamba zimakhudzidwa kudzera m'madera otsekedwa, ndipo matenda a maluwa amapezeka pistil.
Pali zowola ngati mawonekedwe a bulauni (kukumbukira kuthamanga), komwe kenakake kamaphimbidwa ndi madzi a imvi. Patapita kanthawi, mbali zomwe zimakhudzidwa ndi zomera zimafota, ndipo posakhalitsa zimavunda. Ngati matendawa ndi amphamvu kwambiri, maluwa onse amatha kufa.
Kukula kwa matendawa kumatha pamene kutentha kukukwera pamwamba + 25 ° C. Ndiponso Ndikofunika kuchepetsa malo owonongeka nthawi ndi kuyeretsa nthaka ku masamba ovunda.
Kutentha kwa zomera ndi potassium komanso phosphorous kudzapindula. Mukhoza kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala "Skor" kapena "Maxim", koma sangakhale ogwira mtima ndi matenda amphamvu.
Msolo wakuda
Malinga ndi zizindikiro zake za fungus miyendo yakuda Petunias ndi ofanana kwambiri ndi zowola. Matendawa amawakhudza achinyamata ndipo ngati palibe kanthu kamene kamatengedwa, mukhoza kutaya munda wonse wa petunias.
Mawonetseredwe a matendawa ndi chifukwa cha kukula kwa minda, kutentha kwambiri ndi acidity m'nthaka.
Pofuna kupewa matendawa, muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito nthawi yambiri kupewa: gwiritsani ntchito gawo lochepetsetsa lochepetsetsa ndi kuchepetsa zokhudzana ndi nayitrogeni; Peŵani kufesa kwakukulu ndikusunga madzi zomera.
Njira yabwino yothana ndi mdima wakuda wa petunia idzapatsa madzi akukonzekera omwe ali ndi sulufule.
Kuwonongeka kochedwa
Kawirikawiri mawonetseredwe a matendawa amapezeka pa maziko a tsinde. Imawomba mdima ndipo pang'onopang'ono imatha, kenako mbewu imayamba kufota ndikufa.
Kuwonongeka kochedwa zimakhudza chomera pa msinkhu uliwonse, chifukwa chake chimakhala usiku wozizira komanso mame ambiri.
Sungani zomera zimasowa mankhwala "Ridomil" kapena "Phindu". Copper oxychloride imathandizanso bwino. Zonsezi zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito osati mankhwala okha, komanso kupewa.
Ndikofunikira! Musapereke mthunzi wochuluka kwa petunia. Kuchokera ku chomera chimayamba kufooka.
Mmene mungagwirire ndi petunia tizirombo
Mwatsoka, osati matenda osiyana siyana, komanso tizirombo tosiyanasiyana tingathe kupatsira olima mundayo mavuto.
Kuteteza tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tizilombo toyambitsa matenda sikovuta monga momwe kungawonekere poyamba, koma mankhwala oletsa nsabwe za nsabwe za m'masamba, thrips, slugs, adzakuthandizani kuti muzisangalala ndi maluwa okongola a munda wanu wam'mbuyo.
Ntchentche yoyera
N'chifukwa chiyani petunia masamba kutembenukira chikasu? Nthawi zina amabisala pansi pa masamba zochepa zoyera, monga mole. Amatchedwa whiteflies ndipo amawombera pang'ono ku zomera zomwe zili pafupi.
Zizindikiro Kukhalapo kwa tizilombozi ndi masamba obiriwira ndipo amawuma.
Pamene akumenyana ndi ma whiteflies sizogwiritsira ntchito misampha yomwe imatha kugwiritsidwa ntchito osati kokha kuti igwire, koma komanso poyang'anira tizilombo ta tizilombo. Ngati chiwerengero cha whiteflies chiwonjezeka, mankhwala monga Aktara kapena Mospilan angathandize.
Adani a chilengedwe a whitefly ndi aakazi ochepa, omwe angathe kuwononga chirombo chazilombo mu nthawi yochepa.
Nkhumba
Kangaude mite Nthawi zambiri sichiwoneka ndi diso la munthu ndikuzindikira tizilombo kokha pa intaneti pa masamba, ndi kuyera koyera.
Nthata zotere zimatha kumera kuchokera ku chomera kuti ziwonongeke. Mawanga oyera amabwera pa intaneti, kenako masamba amayamba kufuna, kenako nkugwa.
Kulimbana ndi tizirombo tingakhale njira yotchuka. Kuchita izi, kwanira kukakamizidwa kwa mankhwala a dandelion (30 g pa madzi okwanira 1 litre), ndikuwapopera ndi chomera. Monga njira yothetsera vutoli, mungagwiritse ntchito mankhwala monga: "Neoron" kapena "Apollo."
Aphid
Chimodzi mwa tizirombo toopsa kwambiri m'munda - aphid, zomwe zingapezeke pa petunia. Chomera chingasokonezedwe ndi mitundu yoposa zana ya tizilombo toyambitsa matendawa.
M'madera a maluwa omwe amakhudzidwa ndi nsabwe za m'masamba, pali madontho a mame okoma, omwe pamapeto pake bowa amaphatikizapo. Izi zimapangitsa kuti masamba ayambe kutaya mawonekedwe, ndipo masambawo amafota pakapita nthawi.
Chomera chimamwalira, kuphatikizapo matenda osiyanasiyana a tizilombo, omwe amanyamula nsabwe za m'masamba.
Kulimbana ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda ndi bwino kukopa adani ake achilengedwe: maso a golidi ndi azimayi. Mutha kugwiritsa ntchito njira ya mankhwala. Kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza "Fufanon" ndi "Aktar".
Kupuma
Tizilombo tating'onoting'ono tating'ono tomwe sitinapitirire 1 mm. Kawirikawiri, ma thrips amasungidwa mu gulu, ndipo sangakhalemo mkati mwa tsamba basi, komanso kunja.
Phunzirani za kupezeka kwa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tikhoza kukhala oyera pazitsamba zouma pamasamba. Mitengo ndi maluwa imataya mwamsanga mawonekedwe ake, ndipo zomera zokha zimatha nthawi.
Pa maonekedwe oyambirira a tizirombo, nkofunikira ndondomeko petunia mankhwala "Spintor-240", kapena kugwiritsa ntchito tizilombo monga "Ankara" kapena "Confidor", pochita kasamalidwe kamodzi pa sabata.
Slugs
Imodzi mwa mavairasi oopsa kwambiri amalingaliridwa slugs. Kugonjetsa kwawo sikungabweretse kuwonongeka ndi kuwononga zomera.
Mukhoza kuzindikira ma slugs ndi mabowo omwe amatsalira pa masamba ndi maluwa. Komabe, izi ndizowonongeka kwambiri, zomwe zimawonongeka kuonekera kwa munda wanu wam'mbuyo.
Chotsani Kuchokera ku tizilombo ting'onoting'ono ndi kosavuta, kuti tiziwaza dziko lapansi pafupi ndi petunias superphosphates.
Kupewa ndi kuteteza petunias ku tizirombo ndi matenda
Mukasankha kulima duwa m'munda wanu, muyenera kudziwa za tizirombo ndi matenda a petunias.
Kuteteza mavuto Ndikokwanira kuthana ndi kupewa matenda a petunia: Gwiritsani ntchito nthaka yabwino kwambiri (osati yolemetsa osati yowonongeka), yang'anani mtunda pakati pa minda, madzi mu nthawi yake ndikuwunika mlingo wa nayitrojeni m'nthaka. Nkofunikanso kuti musalole kuti chinyezi chikhale pansi.
Mwa kutsatira malangizo awa osavuta, mudzasangalala ndi kukongola kwakukulu kwakumwera.
