Gatzania ndi msika wokongola wokhala ndi maluwa ochokera ku banja la Aster. Kwawo ndi ku South Africa ndi North Australia. Nthawi yomweyo, duwa limamera bwino m'munda uliwonse ndi kutentha kokwanira ndi dzuwa. Gatzania imadziwikanso kuti African Chamomile ndi Midday Gold. Amawonetsa mawonekedwe ake ndi kuthekera kwake kuonekera pansi pa dzuŵa. Maluwa akuluakulu owala amitundu yosiyanasiyana ya pinki ndi achikaso okhala ndi mawonekedwe owoneka bwino pamiyalayo amawoneka bwino kwambiri. Chifukwa chake, chaka chilichonse mbewu imabzalidwa kwambiri m'mabedi amaluwa ndi m'mapaki.
Kutanthauzira kwa Botanical
Gatzania ndi herbaceous osatha wobzala wokhala ndi nthyole. Nthambi yake yosinthasintha, yoterera imayamba kuchepa nthambi ndikuwuka; Kutalika kwa mphukira sikupitirira masentimita 30. Udzu ndi mitengo yake imakutidwa ndi mulu wa siliva. Ngakhale ndiwakuthwa kwambiri, amatha mosavuta. Madzi a Milky amasungidwa nthawi yopuma.
Masamba a Sedentary 20-35 cm kutalika amakonzedwa mosiyana. Ali ndi mawonekedwe lanceolate. Kutsogolo kosalala ndi kobiriwira kowala kapena zobiriwira zakuda. Kumbuyo, kupindika kwakakakulidwe kumapatsa pepala mtundu wa siliva. Mitsempha yapakati yopumira imawonekera kutalika konse kwa tsamba. Pamaso maluwa pa tchire musanawonekere mutasiyana ndi masamba a masamba.
Gatsaniya limamasula mu June-August, miyezi 3.5 mutabzala. Mabasiketi akulu amodzi amitundu yaying'ono amaphuka pamiyala yayitali yosalala. Amakhala ndi mzere umodzi wa mapholo osalongosoka komanso pakati penipeni pake, pomwe pamakhala maluwa ndi maluwa. Gawo lodziwika bwino ndi malo osiyanitsa amdima m'munsi mwa miyala. Maluwa amatseguka kokha nyengo yabwino. Pamasiku amitambo, komanso madzulo, pamakhala pafupi. Kuphatikiza apo, samangokhala pamwamba pa maziko, komanso ndikuloweka mbali yolumikizana. Danga la inflorescence limafika masentimita 9-12.
Ziphuphu zojambulidwa zoyera, zapinki, zofiira, zachikaso, lalanje. Amakhala amodzi monophonic kapena okhala ndi mikwingwirima yopingasa. M'mikhalidwe yabwino, maluwa adzayenda bwino mzaka wonse. Nthawi yomweyo, maluwa mpaka 35 amatha kuwululidwa pach chitsamba chachikulu. Pambuyo kupukutira, zipatso zipsa - aubweya achenes ndi crest. Mbeu zakuda ndi zoyera mzere 6-12 mm kutalika kochepa ndi tinthu tating'ono tating'ono.
Mitundu ya asczania
Mitundu ya genz gatzania imagwirizanitsa mitundu yoposa 40 yazomera. Ngakhale pakati pa wamaluwa, mitundu yosakanizidwa ndiyotchuka kwambiri, yomwe imasiyana mitundu yowala ndi kukula kwa inflorescence, mawonekedwe a masamba ndi kukula kwa mphukira.
Gatsaniya mwankhanza. Chomera chosatha ndi tsinde losalala. Imakula mpaka masentimita 30 ndipo imakutidwa ndi masamba obiriwira obiriwira. M'chilimwe, mabasiketi okhala ndi mulifupi wa masentimita 4-6 otseguka. Pakatikati pake pali maluwa owala achikasu ndi abaso akuda, omwe amazunguliridwa ndi miyala yazithunzithunzi yoyera, yapinki, yofiirira kapena yachikasu.
Gatsaniya longigwa. Chomera cha pachaka chokhala ndi mzere, timapepala ta pubescent. Mu Ogasiti, mitengo yayitali yokhala ndi maluwa amtundu wachikasu komanso m'mimba mwake mpaka 7 masentimita imakula m'mphepete mwa tsinde.
Gatsaniya wosakanizidwa. Gulu la mbewu okhala ndi zokongoletsera zapamwamba. Pafupifupi pansi, tsamba louma kwambiri la masamba lokhala ndi silvery limapangidwa. Maluwa achikasu achikasu a lalanje kapena apinki m'mimba mwake amafika masentimita 9. Mapangidwe ake osokonekera komanso mphete yakuda kumaso akuwonekera padziko lapansi pamatchulidwewo. Zosiyanasiyana:
- Tiger - chomera chotsika chokhala ndi masamba obiriwira amdima komanso ma inflorescence akulu, ophimbidwa ndi mikwingwirima yachikasu ndi lalanje;
- Duwa lotumphuka ndi gulu losiyanasiyana lomwe limatulutsa inflorescence mpaka masentimita 12 mulifupi ndi maluwa akutali achikasu, ofiira, malalanje ndi oyera, omwe amazunguliridwa ndi masamba obiriwira otuwa.
Njira zolerera
Nthawi yotentha, ngakhale gatsaniya yemwe amakhala nthawi yayitali nthawi zambiri amakula ngati pachaka, kotero kufalitsa mbewu kunyumba ndizovomerezeka kwambiri. Kuti m'munda gatsaniya atamasuka posachedwa, mbewu zimafesedwa mbande mkati mwa March-Epulo. Kuti muchite izi, konzekerani zakuya zokhala ndi nthaka yachonde yopanda mphamvu acidity. Mbewu zazikulu mokwanira zimayikidwa panthaka ndi mtunda wa 2-3 masentimita ndikuwazidwa pang'ono. Pamwamba amapopera kuchokera ku botolo lothira ndikuwaphimba ndi chowonekera.
Mbande zimamera pamalo owala pamtunda wa + 18 ... + 20 ° C. Ventilate ndikuthira dothi tsiku ndi tsiku. Mbewu zimamera mkati mwa masiku 10-15. Mu chidebe chakuya, mbande zitha kulimidwa popanda kutola, koma mu chidebe chosaya, njirayi ndiyofunikira, apo ayi mizu yayitali imakukhazikika ndikukula imachepetsa. Sankhaniyo imachitika m'miphika ya peat, pomwe amabzala gatsaniya m'munda.
Pakati pa Meyi, mbande zimayamba kuumitsa ndikuchepetsa kutentha mpaka + 12 ... + 16 ° C. Masana, mutha kutulutsa mbewuzo kunja, koma zizitetezeni mosamala ku zokongoletsa.
Tchire zazikulu za perennials zimatha kufalitsidwa. Njira yotsogola yokhala ndi masamba angapo iyenera kudulidwa pafupi ndi maziko momwe mungathere. Choyidacho chimathandizidwa ndi "Kornevin" ndipo phesi limabzalidwa mumphika wochepa wopanda dothi lonyowa. Zidutsazo zimatsukidwa nthawi zonse ndikusungidwa. Mizu imawonekera pakatha miyezi 1-1.5, kenako mumatha kumuyika mwana wachinyamata pang'onopang'ono kapena mumphika wokulirapo.
Kubzala ndikusamalira mbewu
Kutchire, mbewu zimasankhidwa kukhala malo owala bwino popanda kuwongolera kapena mphepo yamphamvu. Gatsaniya angabzalidwe m'mundawu nthawi yadzuwa ndi yotentha (kumapeto kwa Meyi, Juni). Poika mbewu, ndikofunikira kusamala kuti zisawononge muzu, choncho ndibwino kubzala maluwa ndi miphika ya peat.
Nthaka iyenera kukhala yopepuka komanso yopatsa thanzi. Asanadzalemo amakumba pansi ndipo, ngati ndifunika, mchenga ndi kompositi zimayambitsidwa. Kuyandikira kwa madzi apansi pamtunda ndi chovomerezeka. Mtunda pakati pa kubzala m'munda uyenera kukhala 20 cm.
Gatzania ndi duwa la wamaluwa aulesi. Amafunikira chisamaliro. Zomera zimalekerera chilala bwino, kotero kuthirira kungofunikira pokhapokha ngati mvula yatha. Potseguka, muzu wa ndodo yayitali umalola kuti madzi kuti atulutse madzi akuya kwambiri, koma mbewu zimafunikira kuthiriridwa madzi ambiri nthawi zonse. Potere, gawo lamadzi liyenera kukhala laling'ono. Ndikofunikanso kutulutsira chikwamacho munthawi yake.
Si maudzu ambiri omwe amagwirizana ndi giswayoyu, kotero kufalitsa sikuyenera kuchitidwa pafupipafupi. Koma kunyalanyaza mwambowu sikuyenera. Kamodzi pamwezi, muyenera kumasula pansi ndikuchotsa namsongole.
Kubzala pamwezi kumathiriridwa ndi yankho la feteleza wa mchere wokhala ndi zambiri za potaziyamu ndi phosphorous. Pa dothi losauka, kuvala pamwamba pamtunda wamaluwa kumachitika kawiri kawiri.
Ngakhale nthawi zambiri, koma otulutsa maluwa amatha kukhala ndi vuto lomwe gatsaniya siliphuka. Cholinga chachikulu cha izi ndi kuwala kosakwanira. Nthawi zambiri miyezi 3.5 imadutsa kuchokera kufesa kukayamba maluwa. Munthawi imeneyi, ndikofunikira kupereka maola ambiri masana ndi maola angapo owala dzuwa. Ngati ndi kotheka gwiritsani ntchito phytolamp. Ndikulimbikitsidwa kudula ma inflorescence owonongeka munthawi yake kuti othandizawo asataye mphamvu pachakudya chawo. Posachedwa mphukira yatsopano idzatseguka m'malo mwa duwa louma.
Potseguka ndi kuzizira, gatsaniya amwalira. Malowa akumbidwa, ndipo zamera zonse zawonongeka. Chapakatikati, dimba la maluwa limadzaza mbande zatsopano. Panyengo yophukira, gatsaniya kuchokera kumunda amatha kukumbidwa ndikugulitsidwa ndikugulitsa mumipanda yomwe imatengedwa ku chipgia kapena kuchipinda. Kutentha kwa mkati sikuyenera kugwa pansi + 10 ° C. Ngati mbewuzo zili ndi kuwala kokwanira, maluwa amapitilira ngakhale nthawi yozizira. Kupanda kutero, masambawo adzaleka, koma chitsamba chobiriwira chidzatsala.
Mavuto omwe angakhalepo
M'dera lotentha ndi dothi lotayirira, lopanda madzi, gatsaniya samadwala. Koma madzi akamagwedezeka, mizu imatha kuvutika ndi zowola. Kupulumutsa mbewu pankhaniyi ndizosatheka. Ndikofunikira kuwononga mphukira yodwala kuti matendawa asafalikire.
Gatsaniya pafupifupi samavutika pafupi ndi chomera chomwe chimayambitsa matenda. Nthawi zina maulesi, ma kangaude kapena nsabwe za m'masamba zimakhazikika pamenepo. Mankhwala atatha kupha tizirombo, tizirombo timazimiririka.
Gatzany pakupanga mawonekedwe
Gatzania ndi yabwino kukongoletsa koyambirira kwa dimba la maluwa, kukongoletsa m'malire ndi makonde mu landings. Chomera chamtunduwu ndi choyeneranso kumapiri a kumapiri. Imakhala ndi nthawi yayitali kwambiri yopanga maluwa ndipo imapanga udzu wobiriwira wobiriwira womwe umabisa nthaka yonse. Dzuwa zazing'ono zamtambo wazitali zimapangitsa dimba kukhala lokongola komanso limakopa maso a omwe akudutsa.
Gatsaniya amayenda bwino ndi Iberis, ageratum buluu, arctotis, lobelia. Itha kubzalidwe pakati pa udzu wobiriwira, ndikupanga zokongoletsera zamitundu yosiyanasiyana ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana yopanga maluwa okongola.
