Posachedwapa, minda yaumwini yakula kwambiri m'minda yam'munda, monga mabulosi akuda, ngakhale kuti malo omwe anthu ambiri amapezeka mabulosiwa ali m'nkhalango. Popeza kuti ndi osasamala, ndipo mbali zonse za zomera zimakhala ndi mankhwala, zimakhala zomveka chifukwa chake amateur wamaluwa amasankha mabulosi akuda. Ngakhale kuti chomerachi ndi thermophilic, chimatha kulima ngakhale m'mikhalidwe ya ku Siberia. Pa nthawi imodzimodziyo, m'pofunikira kusankha mitundu yopanda chisanu, bwino kukonzekera malo oti abzala ndikuonetsetsa kuti akusamalira bwino. Izi zidzakambidwa pansipa.
Mitundu ya mabulosi akuda
Pali mitundu yambiri ya mabulosi akuda otentha omwe amavomereza kuti azikula m'mayiko ovuta a ku Siberia.
Zina mwa izo, otchuka kwambiri ndi mitundu yotsatirayi:
- "Black Satin" - imodzi mwa mabulosi odzichepetsa kwambiri omwe amatha kulima kulikonse. Mitundu imeneyi imakula kwambiri, nthawi zina imatha kufika mamita asanu ndi awiri mpaka asanu ndipo imakhala yopanda minga. Kukula kufika mamita limodzi ndi theka, imayamba kusuntha pansi. Chaka chilichonse pa shrub kumawoneka kukula kwina, pamene mizu yake sichikuwonjezeka. Zipatsozi ndizodzikweza. Mitengo yolemera ya zipatso - kuyambira 4 mpaka 7 magalamu. Iwo amasonkhanitsidwa mu maburashi a zidutswa 10-15. Pambuyo kucha, zipatsozo zimakhala ndi mtundu wakuda wakuda, zimawoneka zokoma, zowawa. Ngati izi zimapatsidwa chisamaliro choyenera ndi kuthirira okwanira, ndiye nthawi yokolola, mpaka kufika pa kilogalamu makumi awiri za zipatso akhoza kukolola kuchokera ku chitsamba chimodzi. Nthawi yakucha zipatso - kuyambira kumapeto kwa July mpaka mochedwa September;
- "Tornfri" - mitundu yambiri ya mabulosi akuda opanda minga. Mmerawo ndi wamtali, theka-wowongoka, ndi mphukira kuchokera mamita 3 mpaka 5 ndi pamwamba. Ndizosiyana-siyana zogonjera - pa nthambi iliyonse ya zipatso kuchokera ku zipatso 100 ndi zina. Zipatsozo zimakhala zosakanikirana, pafupifupi 5-6 magalamu, zowombeza, sizinthunzi zakuda, ndi gloss. Zipatso zonse zophika zimakhala ndi zokoma komanso zonunkhira, koma zimakhala madzi. Choncho, zipatso zimakololedwa pang'ono kusanayambe kucha, mwachitsanzo, mu chikhalidwe chokhwima. Kuphuka zipatso kumayambiriro kwa mwezi wa August ndipo kumatha pafupifupi mwezi;
- "Zambiri" ndi chikhalidwe chosasunthika. Lili ndi mphamvu, yaitali, zokwawa zokwawa. Chitsambachi chiri ndi mizu yofanana, kotero pamene kukula kwa tchire kumapezeka patali (kuchokera 2 mpaka 2.5 mamita). Zipatsozo ndi zazikulu, zolemera kwambiri, zolemera mamita 7 ndi pamwamba, zimakhala zokoma. Poyamba, kucha ndi mdima wofiirira, ndipo zipatso zopangidwa bwino zili zakuda;
- Agave ndi mabulosi akutchire. Mitengo imakula champhamvu ndi yayitali, mpaka mamita atatu. Mitundu yosiyanasiyana imalingaliridwa makamaka yozizira-yolimba: imatha kupirira mpaka madigiri -40. Mpaka makilogalamu 4 a zipatso amakololedwa kuchokera ku chitsamba chimodzi. Kulemera kwake kwa mabulosi a mabulosi akuda kuli pafupifupi magalamu atatu. Zomera zambiri - zipatso zopitirira 20 pa dzanja. Zipatso ndizokoma, zonyezimira, zakuda, zofanana. Zosiyanasiyana ndi pakati pa nyengo, kuchapa kumapeto kwa August;
- "Darrow" - mtundu woongoka wautali kufika mamita atatu. Izi shrub imakhalanso ndi chisanu, zimatha kuzizira kuzizira madigiri -35. Zimatengedwa kuti ndizolingalira kwambiri - mpaka makilogalamu 10 kuchokera ku chitsamba. Zipatso ndi zazikulu - mpaka magalamu 4, kukoma kwake ndi kokoma, kofiira, kofiira. Zipatso zipse kwa miyezi limodzi ndi theka, kachiwiri-kachiwiri ndi kotheka.
Onaninso za mitundu ya mabulosi akuda: atsopano, beshipny, remontant; "Giant", "Ruben", "Chester Thornless".
Nthawi yobzala
Nthawi yabwino yopanga mabulosi akuda m'madera otere a Siberia ndi nyengo yamasika. Chifukwa chofika kumapeto kwa zitsamba, zitsamba zidzatha kuphuka bwino ndikukhala ndi mphamvu nthawi ya chilimwe nthawi yayitali isanafike. Komanso, kubzala kumbuyo kudzatetezera chikhalidwe kuchokera kuzizira.
Kumene mungabzalidwe pa webusaitiyi
Pakuti kubzala mabulosi akuda amafunika kusankha atetezedwa ku zojambula ndi malo amphepo amphamvuMwachitsanzo, pa mipanda ndi mipanda. Komanso kukula kwa chikhalidwe ndi kucha kwa zipatso kumakhala dzuwa. Kusankha malo abwino odzala zitsamba, muyenera kukumbukira ena chomera chomera:
- Chifukwa chakuti mabulosi akuda akukula mofulumira, ayenera kubzalidwa patali pamtunda wa mamita awiri pakati pa tchire kuti athe kukolola mosavuta. Kwa mpanda uyeneranso kukhala mtunda wa mamita mita;
- Chifukwa cha kusowa kwa kuwala kwa dzuwa, mphukira ikhoza kutulutsidwa ndipo sichikulire bwino. Izi zingachititse kuchepetsa kuchepa kwa chilimwe ndikuchepetsa kutentha kwa shrub;
- Mabulosi akuda samakonda nthaka yowonongeka, choncho sayenera kuikidwa m'madera otsika kumene chisanu kapena madzi amadziwika pambuyo pa mvula. Madzi a pansi pa malo pomwe mabulosi akuda abzalidwa ayenera kukhala akuya mamita 1;
- chikhalidwe chikufuna pansi: ngati palibe magnesium ndi chitsulo chokwanira, zidzakhala ndi zotsatira zoipa pa chitukuko cha shrub.
Kumalo osankhidwa kuti abzalidwe, zowonongeka zingabzalidwe pasadakhale: mbewu zozizwitsa.
Mbewu zabwino zimaphatikizapo nyemba, nyemba, nandolo, lupins, vetch.
Musanayambe kugwira ntchito
Kubzala baka webberry kunali bwino, ndikofunika kuti uchite ntchito yoyamba.
Mukudziwa? Dzina lachirasha shrub linatenga chifukwa cha mphutsi zake. Blackberries - ndiko, prickly, ngati hedgehog.
Malo okonzekera
Njira yoyamba ndiyo kuchotsa dera losankhidwa kuchoka ku zinyalala, namsongole ndi ma rhizomes osiyanasiyana. Kenaka mufufuze mosamala nthaka, kuya kwake kwa bayonet. Pambuyo pake, chisakanizo cha organic ndi mineral substances chomwe chimapangidwira m'nthaka chikuyenera kulowa mu nthaka: 10 kilograms ya humus yothira ndi magalamu 20 a sulfate, 200 magalamu a phulusa ndi 15 magalamu a superphosphate.
Ngati ali m'nthaka mkulu acidity, izo zimabweretsabe laimu. Zonsezi zimagawidwa mofanana pamtunda pa tsambalo musanagule. Zonsezi ziyenera kuchitika mwezi umodzi musanabzala mbewu.
Phunzirani zambiri za nthaka acidity: tanthauzo la nthaka acidity kwa zomera, kudzidalira nthaka acidity, nthaka deoxidation.
Ngati dera lanu lili ndi dera lapamwamba kwambiri, ndiye kuti muyenera kulima pamabedi, ndipo ngati lakuuma, tchire timabzalidwa mumtunda, osati tomwe timaphimbidwa ndi dziko lapansi. 
Mbande kukonzekera
Musanayambe kubzala zitsamba, cuttings iyenera kufufuzidwa mosamala. Ndikofunika kuti mizu ya zokolola izikwanira bwino, ili ndi bulauni mtundu wa cuttings wathanzi, komanso kukhalapo kwa nkhungu sikuvomerezeka. Ngati chodzala sichiyenera kubzalidwa nthawi yomweyo chitatha, chiyenera kusungidwa ndi mizu yowonongeka m'chipinda chozizira, osati dzuwa. Musanayambe kubzala, ndibwino kuti zilowerere mizu kwa maola angapo m'madzi kapena muzu wopanga stimulator.
Ngati mukuyenera kutumiza mbande, mukhoza kukulunga ndi nsalu yonyowa kapena yonyowa, ndipo kenako ndi filimuyo. Kotero mizu siidzuma kwa nthawi yaitali.
Werengani komanso za phindu la mabulosi akuda, komanso kusiyana pakati pa wakuda raspberries ndi mabulosi akuda.
Ndithudi sizosatheka kudzala cuttings pamene pakadalibe kuwopsya kwa kuzizira kwa mizu chifukwa chotheka chisanu. Choncho, m'pofunika kuyang'anira nyengo yowonetsera nyengo. 
Mmene mungabzala mabulosi akutchire mbande
Choncho pitani ku kutsika:
- Ikani mabulosi akuda pa waya trellis mumzere umodzi kapena awiri. Kumbali zonse za trellis, maenje akukonzekera kubzala 40 ndi masentimita 40 mu kukula, osachepera 50 centimita chakuya. Izi ndizithunzi zazikuluzikulu za chitukuko cha umoyo ndi kukula kwa mizu, zomwe ziri zosiyana mu mphamvu yakuda. Maenje ayenera kukhala pamtunda wa mamita 1 kuchokera kumalire ndi dera la oyandikana nawo, ngati mizere ikufanana nayo. Mzere wawung'ono, umodzi ndi theka kufika mamita awiri, ukhoza kuikidwa pa mpanda, makamaka kumbali ya kumwera kwa malo. Pakati pa mizere, malo okwana mamita 2.5 akusiyidwa, ndipo tchire mwapadera imayikidwa pamtunda wa mita imodzi kufika 1.5. Ngati mabulosi akuda amabzalidwa ndi tchire, ndiye kuti kukwera kwake kumakhala ngati: 1.8 ndi 1.8 mamita.
- Kenaka, humus imatsanulira pansi pa dzenje lililonse ndikusakanikirana ndi nthaka. Ndikofunika kutsanulira dothi pamwamba pa chisakanizo kotero kuti mizu yolimba ya cuttings silingathe kugwirizana ndi humus yokha.
- Kenaka, mosamala mosamala kudula pansi pa fossa, mwapang'onopang'ono muwaza mizu ndi dziko ndikuziphatikiza. Choncho muyenera kutsanulira zigawo zingapo, kuonetsetsa kuti mbande zimabzalidwa ku kuya kolala.
- Poganizira kuti mabulosi akutchire amakonda madzi ambiri, ndi bwino kuthirira mbewu bwino pamene mukubzala, koma osati mopitirira muyeso. Pafupifupi 5 malita a madzi amagwiritsidwa ntchito pa chitsamba chilichonse. Izi ziyenera kuchitika pamene mukutsanulira dothi lililonse la madzi: madzi ndi kulola gawo lililonse la madzi kuti lizikhala bwino, ndikutsanulira chingwe chotsatira cha dziko lapansi.
- Kumapeto kwa kubzala, mbande ziyenera kudulidwa kuchokera kumtundu wapamwamba mothandizidwa ndi secator, pamene asiya 2-3 masamba pa thunthu. Kudulira kotereku kumalimbikitsa kukula kwa "mapulogalamu" ogona pa mizu. Ndizochokera kwa iwo kuti mbewuyo idzakhala ndi mphukira zazing'ono.
Tiyenera kukumbukira kuti pothirira nthaka ndi mbande za mbeu, ndiye kuti zomera zimayenera kubzalidwa mozama: osati pamwamba komanso osachepera msinkhu wa muzu. Ngati simukutsatira malingaliro awa, ndiye kuti mizu yomwe yabzalidwa pamwamba ingawononge mizu, ndipo zomwe zidzalidwa pansi zikhoza kuchepetsa kukula kwa mphukira kapena chomera sichidzakula ndi kufa.
Mukudziwa? Mabulosi a mabulosi amtunduwu akhala akudziwika kuti ndi mankhwala, mwachitsanzo, mu zolemba za Paracelsus pali njira ya mankhwala ochotsera mankhwala omwe amachokera ku zipatso ndi masamba ake.
Aftercare
Mutabzala mabulosi akuda, amafunika kupereka chisamaliro choyenera, chomwe chimamwetsa, kudyetsa, kudulira ndi kuteteza zomera ku chisanu. Kenako, ganizirani mwatsatanetsatane za ntchito zoterezi.
Kuthirira
Manyowa amathiridwa madzi miyezi limodzi ndi theka, makamaka makamaka nyengo yokula nyengo yotentha. M'chaka choyamba, zomera zomwe zimabzalidwa zimathiriridwa nthawi zonse, ndipo pakati pa ulimi wothirira zimamasula nthaka pakati pa mizere (pa kuya kwa masentimita 10), kuwononga namsongole kuti asatenge zakudya zomwe zimafunika ndi chitsamba chokula ndi kutuluka. 
Kutsegulira pakati pa tchire ndi kofunikanso, koma pamtunda wozama (5-8 cm) kuti musayambe kuwononga mizu ya chomera. Ndikofunika kumasula, zonse zowononga mpweya ndi chiwonongeko chamsongole, ndipo chifukwa mwa njirayi n'zotheka kuwononga malo a nyengo yozizira ya tizilombo towononga.
Ndikofunikira! Simungagwiritse ntchito madzi ozizira kuti mudzamwe minda yambiri ya mabulosi akuda.
Kudyetsa
Kuonjezera zokolola za mabulosi akuda amafunika kudya bwino kapena kudyetsa. Chifukwa chakuti mizu ya zitsamba sizowoneka bwino, kuvala kumafunika kuchitidwa mosamala kwambiri, makamaka popeza masamba a mtsogolo amachokera ku mzuzi pafupi ndi pamwamba.
Kuti mulch ndi bwino kugwiritsa ntchito manyowa, peat manyowa, udzu, utuchi, masamba ndi zina zotayika.
Ngati mumagwiritsa ntchito manyowa (4-5 makilogalamu pa 1 mita imodzi), nthaka idzakhala yokwanira hydrated ndi yopindulitsa ndi zakudya. Izi, zidzathandizira kupanga mapangidwe amphamvu ndi nthambi.
Manyowa a nyama zosiyanasiyana (nkhumba, nkhosa, ng'ombe, kalulu, kavalo) zimasiyanasiyana ndi maonekedwe ndi katundu.
Dyetsani mabulosi akuda bwino musanayambe ana. Kuwonjezera pa kudyetsa mbewu za m'munda, kugwiritsa ntchito mulch kuli ndi ntchito zina zofunika - zingathetsere kukula kwa namsongole ndikufulumizitsa kucha kwa zipatso. Ngati nthaka ndi yonyowa pokonza, ndiye kuti simukulimbikitsidwa kuti mulch it. 
Ngati ali ndi feteleza wa nayitrogeni, ndiye kuti amagwiritsidwa ntchito mopitirira malire, mwinamwake akhoza kuchepetsa kukula kwa mphukira za shrub ndipo zimapangitsa kuti zikhale ndi nyengo yozizira. Potaziyamu feteleza amagwiritsidwa ntchito chaka chilichonse (40 g). Chlorini yopezera chakudya imatsutsana. Ngati manyowa amagwiritsidwa ntchito pachaka, ndiye kuti phosphate feteleza sayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito, ngati feteleza zopanda feteleza palibe, kenaka patatha zaka zitatu phosphate feteleza iyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito (pamtunda wa mamita 30 pa 1 mita imodzi).
Mukudziwa? Kale, masamba a mabulosi akuda ndi zipatso zomwe zinasonkhanitsa mapeto a September asanagwiritsidwe ntchito posonyeza chuma ndi kukongola.
Garter pa trellis
Mabulosi akuda amafunika mphukira zake kuti azisungunuka. Pochita izi, timitengo ta chipatso timayendetsedwa mumbali imodzi ndikugwirizanitsa ndi mizere ya waya pamtunda wa masentimita 90 ndi mamita limodzi ndi theka. Nthambi zazing'ono zimatumizidwa ku mbali ina ndikugwirizananso mofanana. Mukhoza kuchita mosiyana: nthambi za chipatso zimangirizidwa kumbali ziwiri, ndipo achinyamata - mpaka kumtunda wa waya. Garter amagwira ntchito ngati twine.
Pezani zomwe mukufuna ndi momwe mungapangire trellis ndi manja anu.
Kudulira
M'chaka cha mabulosi akutchire akufunika kudula masentimita 10. Izi zidzathandiza kukolola bwino. Kudulira kwachitidwa kangapo: kumapeto, nsonga za zowonongeka zowonongeka zimachotsedwa, ndipo kugwa - zomwe zakololedwa kale, kapena zili ndi bowa, kapena tizirombo. Mutha kuchotsanso mphukira zazing'ono.
Ndikofunikira! Mliri wa chaka chatha umayenera kudulidwa pazu, mwinamwake tizirombo tizitha kukhazikika, zomwe zidzatha kuzizira bwino.
Kuti muwonjezere zokolola za mabulosi akuda, m'pofunika kuti muzitha kuwonongeka kuchokera ku ziphuphu zomwe zikukula mmbuyo kawiri pachaka. Nthawi yoyamba imatha kumapeto kwa May, yachiwiri - kumapeto kwa July. Kuwombera kumafunika kukhala masentimita 90 m'litali. Kusinthanitsa kudzaperekanso nthambi yowonjezera ndi kukula kwa lashes mu makulidwe, ndipo, chifukwa chake, kuwonjezeka kwa chizindikiro cha maluwawo kudzachitika.
M'dzinja imalimbikitsidwanso kutchera onse akale, ofooka ndi otambasula nthambi.
Ŵerenganiponso za zomwe zikukula zomera ku Siberia: lavender, osatha maluwa, yamatcheri, mphesa, hydrangeas, juniper, thuja, rhododendron, beets, anyezi.
Pogona
Pambuyo pa kumasulidwa kwa tchire la mabulosi akutchire kuchokera ku mphukira yambiri m'dzinja, mukhoza kuyamba kuwaphimba m'nyengo yozizira. Ngakhale mabulosi akuda amatha kusagwira, akufunabe malo ogona.
Chinthu choyamba muyenera kumangirira chikwapu zingapo mu gulu ndikugwada pansi, kuzigwira ndi zikopa. Njira zoterezi zikhoza kuchitika ndi zokwawa zosiyanasiyana. Ngati muli ndi mabulosi akutchire owongoka, osakuta, ndiye kuti mukusowa njira yosiyana: ngakhale m'chilimwe, zolemera zochepa zingamangirire pamwamba pa nsonga. Pakulemera kwawo, zikwapuzo zidzagwada pansi pang'onopang'ono. Masamba atatuluka, zitsamba ziyenera kukhala zolimba kwambiri, kenako zimaphimbidwa ndi nyengo yozizira.
Malo ogona, utuchi, udzu, udzu, nsonga za mbewu za m'munda zimagwiritsidwa ntchito. Mungathenso kutenga ruberoid. Chinthu china cha malo obisika a mabulosi a blackberry m'nyengo yozizira: ikani matabwa pansi, phulani ndi kuwamasula. Pambuyo pake, perekani ndi njira yothetsera mavitamini a buluu ndikuphimba ndi udzu, nthambi za spruce.
Ndikofunikira! Masamba a mitengo ya zipatso sangathe kugwiritsidwa ntchito monga chophimba, popeza akhoza kukhala ngati chimbudzi cha mphutsi.
Video: Kukula kwa Blackberry ku Siberia
Blackberries ku Siberia: omaliza wamaluwa
Monga mukuonera, kulima mabulosi akuda m'mabvuto a Siberia sikumayambitsa mavuto enaake. Ngati mupereka mbewuyi pa tsamba lanu ndi malo onse oyenerera, ndiye kuti mumuthandize kuti agonjetse bwino, komanso nyengo yotsatira kuti akukondwerereni ndi zipatso zochuluka zokoma ndi zowona bwino.
