M'mizinda yamadzulo, mtundu wakuda wa pinini ndiwo mtundu wodalitsika kwambiri, womwe umadziwika ndi zokongoletsera zokongola, kubzala bwino ndi kusamalira izo zidzalola kukula kwa zomera zosatha zosatha.
Nsanamira zazikulu ndi mtundu wakuda wa thunthu zimapanga malo amdima osiyana. Mitunduyi imakula pa mitundu yambiri ya nthaka, ili ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya kukongoletsera.
M'nkhani ino mudzaphunzira zomwe mitundu yayikulu ya pine yakuda imagwiritsidwa ntchito zokongoletsera, kufotokozera momwe mungamere mbande ndikusamalira zomera.
Black pine: malongosoledwe ndi mitundu
Black pine (amadziwika m'Chilatini monga Pinus nigra) ndi chomera chodabwitsa chomwe chili m'mapiri a ku Ulaya. Amakula makamaka m'mapiri otsetsereka pamtunda wa mamita 1,000 ndi theka pamwamba pa nyanja, pamtunda wa makilomita a kumtunda.
Kutchire, imakula makamaka kumapiri, ochuluka amaluwa amadziwa ngati mdima wakuda wa pine. Mtengo ukufika mamita 40, mutenge thunthu lolunjika ndi khungu lakuda ndi lakuda. M'mitengo yaing'ono, korona ndi piramidi, kuchokera kwa oimira akale amafunika mawonekedwe a ambulera. 
Zisoti zimakhala ndi singano ziwiri mu mtolo, mdima wobiriwira, wolimba, wooneka ngati singano, wowongoka kapena wopindika pang'ono ndi nsonga yakuthwa. Mitsempha pamapazi imakula pang'onopang'ono, chikasu chachikasu ndi mtundu, ndifupi ndi petiole.
Mitundu yosiyana ya mtundu wa pine imatha kusankhidwa kuti ipulumutsidwe ndi mphepo, chifukwa cha gulu kapena soliternoy kubzala, monga chokongoletsera munda, alpine slide kapena dziwe. Palinso magulu akuluakulu omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwa bonsai.
Maluwa abwino kwambiri a alpine ndi awa: alissum, crocuses, achinyamata, iberis, mabells, fescue.
Mitengo ya globosa ili ndi korona wokongola, yowirira, yozungulira, pafupifupi mamita atatu, korona wa mamita 3-4 mamita. Nana amawoneka osangalatsa komanso Spilberg wapadera, omwe amapanga mpira mpaka mamita awiri. 
Mphepete mwachitsulo amadziwika ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya Pyramidalis, mtengo wa Fastigiata uli wochuluka kwambiri. Mpaka 5 mamita amalimidwe otchuka kwambiri Sinfonia ndi Green Rocket.
Olima amaluwa amasankha mitundu yosiyanasiyana yomwe amagwiritsa ntchito pamtengo wapansi ndikupanga mpira, wotchedwa Brepo.
Ngati mukufuna kupeza chokwanira kapena mpira m'munda, gwiritsani ntchito mitundu iyi: Marie Bregeon, Rumamaa, Ottos Compacta, Jeddeloh - amakula bwino m'munda wa Japan, komanso minda yamwala komanso bedi lokhala ndi maluwa omwe ali ndi mitundu yowala. 
Malo abwino kwambiri oti mupite
Mitengo ndi mitengo yozizira, imanyamula mpweya wabwino. Komanso conifers sagwirizana ndi kuipitsa chilengedwe.
Zithunzi kapena kuwala?
Pine ndi chomera chokonda kwambiri. Amakula bwino nthawi zonse. Ndi bwino kudzala wakuda pine mbande pamalo otsegula dzuwa.
Zosowa za nthaka
Pine yoyenera mchenga kapena dothi la mchenga. Ngati pali nthaka yolemetsa pamalopo (dongo ndi loam), madzi okwanira adzafunika. Pofuna mchenga woyenerera bwino, zidutswa zadothi zosweka. Ndibwino kuti mupange makina osanjikizidwa ndi makulidwe okwana masentimita 20 mu dzenje lokwera.
Akufunikabe kusamala ndi acidity ya nthaka. Kwa nthaka yamdima ya pine iyenera kukhala yamchere kapena yopanda ndale. Ngati dothi lakhala losavuta, izi zingasinthidwe ndi laimu.
0.3 makilogalamu a laimu akuwonjezeredwa ku dzenje lodzala ndi losakanikirana ndi nthaka. Pambuyo pake, madzi amathiridwa kudzenje, ndipo pokhapokha sapling imabzalidwa. 
Kubzala malamulo mbande
Pine wakuda, womwe umatchedwa nigra pine chifukwa cha mtundu wa thunthu, ndi chimbewu chozizira kwambiri, chimapangitsa kuti chinyezi chizikhala bwino. Pafupifupi mitundu yonseyi imatsutsana ndi zomwe zimachitika m'mlengalenga ndipo imakula ngakhale pangozi.
Mukudziwa? Nthano yakale yachigiriki imati mapini amachokera ku nymph ya m'maŵa - Pitis, pofuna kubisala ku Boreas, mulungu wa mphepo yakumpoto, anasanduka mtengo wa pine.
Musanabzala, muyenera kusankha mbande zokhazokha zomwe zingagulidwe muzipinda zapadera. Mukhozanso kuyesa kupanga sapling kuchokera kumunda wamphesa wapafupi, koma zomera zotero zimakula pang'onopang'ono, zimadwala ndipo nthawi zambiri sizikula mizu.
Zinyama zakutchire zimafa makamaka m'zaka zingapo. Mbande sayenera kukhala yaying'ono kuposa zaka zitatu komanso osapitirira zaka zisanu. Pamodzi ndi chidebecho, nyemba zoyenera ziyenera kutumizidwa kumalo otsetsereka.
Mutagula sapling m'zinyumba, mumapeza chitsimikizo cha kukula kwake, komanso muthandizidwe zowonjezera ndikusamalira mtengo. 
Alimi amaluwa amalimbikitsa kubzala mbewu masika ndi autumn, koma pochita nthawi yoyenera kubzala mbande ndi pakatikati pa masika, mapeto a April ndi abwino kwambiri.
Phiri lamapine la sapine limabzalidwa popanda kuchotsa chivomezi chomwe chasungidwa kuchokera kumapiri. Onetsetsani mosamalitsa dzenje mu dzenje, mudzaze malo opanda ufulu ndi dothi, ndikuwongolera malo ofunika a mtengo.
Gwetsani nthaka pang'onopang'ono, yambani kumtunda kwa kunja kwa dzenje ndipo mutatha mchenga wakhala pansi pang'ono-kuyamba kuyendetsa ndege yonseyo.
Ndikofunikira! Khosi lazu pamene likubzala liyenera kukhala pamwamba - pamwamba pa nthaka, mwinamwake mmera ukhoza kutha.
Pitani kukonzekera
Musanadzalemo mtengo uwu uyenera kukonzedwa bwino.
Kukula kwa dzenje kumadalira kukula kwa mizu ya mbande zako. Pakati pa phokoso la dzenje, malowa ayenera kukhala 20 masentimita, mozama - osachepera 30 masentimita, makonzedwe a ngalande ya madzi akulowera.
Dothi sayenera kukhala lolemera, ndibwino kuti yophika. Kukonzekera nthaka yabwino, sakanizani dothi, dothi ndi mchenga mumbali yotsatira: magawo awiri a dothi, dothi 2, mchenga umodzi, komanso 40 g wa feteleza nitrogenous.
Thirani madzi okwanira pansi pa dzenje, konzani pansi kuchokera pamwamba ndikuziphwanya pang'ono. Malinga ndi kukula kwa mizu ya mmera, m'pofunika kupanga dzenje ndi kuthira nthaka.
Kulowera
Pulogalamu yoyendera iyenera kukhala motere. Ndikofunikira kulingalira kukula kwake, ngati mutabzala zomera wamkulu ndikupangira nyengo zofunikira. Ngati mubzala mitengo yaing'ono yaing'ono - kuchoka pamtunda wa mamita awiri ndi theka pakati pa mitengo, ngati mitengo ya pine ili yaikulu, muyenera kusiya mamita asanu pakati pa mitengo.
Malamulo osamalira
Kusamalira wakuda wa pine ndi kosavuta, chifukwa chomera sichikufuna. Tiyeni tiwone bwinobwino zomwe muyenera kumvetsera pamene mukusamalira paini.
Kuthirira ndi kusamalira nthaka
Chomeracho sichifunikira kuthirira kwina. Black pine ndi mtengo wosagonjetsa chilala. Ndipo imayenera kuthiriridwa pokhapokha panthawi youma kwambiri.
Ndikofunikira! Tiyenera kukumbukira kuti mapiritsi salola kuti madzi asapitirire.
Kusunga singano kumathandizira kuti kusungidwa kwa chinyezi mu nthaka. Madzi okwanira amatha nthawi yamadzinja (masamba onse adzagwa). Kuthirira kotereku kumalimbikitsidwa ku mbande zatsopano, monga nthaka yonyowa imatulutsa pang'ono, ndipo izi zimateteza maluwa kuchokera ku singano za masika.
Nkhumba zapaini zimawotcha chifukwa chakuti korona ya pine imadzuka msanga mokwanira, ndipo nthaka yozizira siikupatsa mizu yokwanira chinyezi. Izi zimathetsedwa ndi kuthirira kwina kumagwa. 
Tiyenera kuyang'anitsitsa nthaka yozungulira mbewu. Ngati nthaka yayingidwa, ndiye kuti iyenera kumasulidwa.
Bedi la conifer lidzapanga kuzungulira mtengowo. Musachotse izo, chifukwa zidzasunga chinyezi ndi kupanga humus.
Kupaka pamwamba
Ndibwino kuti mudyetse nkhuku zazing'ono zaka zingapo mutabzala. Ndibwino kudyetsa mbande ndi feteleza zamadzimadzi kuti feteleza alowe m'nthaka mofulumira komanso mmalo mwake.
Kwa mitengo ikuluikulu, feteleza olimba olimba monga mawonekedwe a pellets kapena ufa angagwiritsidwe ntchito ngati kuvala pamwamba.
Mukudziwa? Silika wosakaniza ndi chikopa chopangidwa ndi mtengo wa pine.Kuti chitukuko chikhale chokwanira, chomeracho chidzakhala ndi feteleza chokwanira cha mbeu chomwe chidzasungunuka mu zinyalala pansi pa mtengo.
Kudulira
Kudulira mitengo nthawi zonse sikofunika.
Ngati mukufuna, mukhoza kupanga korona wa pine wakuda, kuti ukhale wobiriwira kwambiri. Kuti achite zimenezi, m'dzinja amatha kudulira kukula kwa chaka.
Mukhozanso kudula pini kuti muchepetse kukula. Pazimenezi muyenera kudula nthambi zazing'ono pafupi ndi theka la kutalika kwake. 
Frost chitetezo
Anthu akuluakulu a Pine Stoics kuti asangalale. Ndipo kwa mbande zazing'ono zimayenera kusamalidwa, chifukwa zimatha kutentha dzuwa. Choncho, m'nyengo yozizira iwo amadzazidwa ndi spruce masamba, zochepa sacking kapena yapadera chimakwirira.
Ndikofunikira! Zimaletsedwa kuti ziphimbe mapaini aang'ono ndi zakuda zakuthupi ndi polyethylene. Izi zakuthupi vyperevaet mbande.Miyala ya mitengo yaing'ono ikulimbikitsidwa kuti ikhale yotetezedwa kumapeto kwa autumn ndi kuchoka pogona mpaka pakati pa August.
Momwe mitundu yakuda ya pine
Olima munda amalandira mbande pamene mtengo umafalitsidwa ndi njere, chifukwa kufalikira kwa cuttings ndi kusinthanitsa sizothandiza. Ngati mukufuna kupita njira iliyonse mutabzala kuyambira kumayambiriro mpaka kumapeto, yesetsani kukula mmera.
Mbewu zachonde pamalo otseguka kapena mabokosi apadera. Kubzala mabokosi ndibwino, chifukwa mbewu zomwe zatseguka zimatha kuwononga makoswe. 
Mbeu za pinini sizikusowa zina zowonjezereka, ngakhale mutha kupititsa patsogolo kukula kwa mbande ngati mutagwiritsa ntchito kusintha kwa kutentha komweko.
Ndi kutentha kwakukulu mbewu zimamera mofulumira. Kukonzekera kusiyana kwakukulu mu kutentha, ikani mbewu mufiriji, ndi kuziyika pansi pa madzi ofunda.
Mabokosi omwe mbewuzo zidzakula zingakhale zochokera kuzinthu zilizonse, pangani mabowo kuti asunge chinyezi chowonjezera. Mu galasiyi, nthaka iyenera kumasuka, komanso iipeni ndi peat pamwamba.
Peat amafunika kupewa matenda a fungal, mbande zing'onozing'ono zimakopeka nazo. 
Bzalani mbewu mosalongosoka, mungathe kuwatsanulira pa nthaka yokonzedwa, kenako mumasule. Mtunda wa pakati pa mbeu ukhale 5 mm osachepera, ngati simusunga mtunda wotero, mbande zidzakwera pansi ndipo mizu yachisanu idzauma.
Matenda a Zomera ndi Tizilombo
Pa mapiri a pine, matenda oterewa amawopsa: dzimbiri, khansa ya dzimbiri (kuyambitsa khansa, seryanka), pinwheel ya pinini, scleroderriosis (ambulera matenda), necrosis ya makungwa, schutte.
chisamaliro mosamala zomera adzalola kuti kuteteza mbande zanu kwa tizirombo, amene mu kalasi kwambiri, ndicho, Herme, cholakwika paini podkorny, tizilombo paini lonse, nsabwe, paini, paini Jose lonse, paini sawfly, kangaude nthata, paini njenjete, paini looper, rhyacionia mapaipi, pine scoop, cone moto, pine miner moth, resin cone, pine barbel, pine zlatka, kachilombo kakang'ono ndi kakang'ono ka pine khungwe, Smolevka dot, pine njovu. 
Posachedwapa, pine sikuti ndi Chaka Chatsopano chokha, komanso chomera chotchuka pakati pa wamaluwa, makamaka m'madera akumidzi, kumene anthu amasangalala ndi kukongola kwake ndi fungo. Kudzala pine wakuda sikudzakhala kovuta, ndipo kudzakusangalatsani kwa zaka zambiri.
