Aphid, whitefly, midges ndi zinyama zina zapanyama. Kodi mungachite nawo motani?

Sitinganene kuti petunia ndi chomera choopsa kwambiri. Umboni ndiwukugawanika kwakukulu. Komabe, okonda maluwawa amadziwa momwe angasamalire bwino chinyontho chinyontho kapena kutenga nthaka kusakaniza.

Zomwezo zikugwiranso ntchito kwa tizilombo towononga petunia. Kupezeka kwa nsabwe za m'masamba kapena nthata kungathe kuwononga ntchito ya miyezi yambiri ya ntchito, koma kuyanjana pamodzi njira zosiyanasiyana zotetezera ndi kukonza nthawi yake ndizovuta kuthetsa vutoli.

Zizindikiro za kukula

M'nyengo yozizira, petunia afesedwa mu theka lachiwiri la March, mu miyezi yotentha - theka lachiwiri la March kapena kumapeto kwa February. Kutentha kwa pafupi +25 ° C ndi chinyezi cha 98% chofunika. Madzi kwa mbande ayenera kubwera kuchokera pansi, kuchokera poto. Pambuyo maonekedwe 2-3 masamba, chomera ndi kuziika. Ngati pali masamba anai pa chomera, amachimeta (chotsani nsonga). Kwa kubzala ayenera kusankha mbali ya dzuwa ya chipinda kapena malo.

Kuwonetsedwa ku zovuta zosiyanasiyana

Petunia ikugonjetsedwa ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda omwewo ndi maluwa ena ndi mbewu zothandiza. Izi ndi:

• chongani;
• aphid;
• chithunzi;
• whitefly;
• thrips;
• sciarides (udzudzu wa bowa);
• slugs

Otsatira anayi oyambirira pa mndandandawu ndi ofunika kuyankhula mwatsatanetsatane.

Nsabwe za m'masamba pa zomera: zimayambitsa maonekedwe, mankhwala ochiritsira

Nkhokwe ya nsabwe za m'masamba, zophimba ndi masamba ndi zimayambira, zikuwoneka bwino.

1. Kawirikawiri, tizilombo, akuluakulu, mapiko ndi mapiko opanda tizilombo timakhala pano.
2. Zikopa zambiri zomwe zimatayidwa ndi mphutsi zimawonekera.
3. Pakubwera kwa tizilombo, zomera zimatha kukula.
4. Masamba ali opunduka, maluwa omwe akufalikira kale amakula, ndipo masamba amauma ndi kugwa.
5. Chomera chomwe chimakhudzidwa ndi nsabwe za m'masamba chimaphatikizidwa ndi zitsimikizo zowonongeka. Zimenezi zimayambitsa maonekedwe a bowa, omwe amawonekeratu pa malo akuda.

Tiyenera kuyesa kukopa adani enieni a nsabwe za m'masamba ku malo.. Izi ndi:

• diso la golide (flornitsa);
• chizoloŵezi chachisanu ndi chiwiri chakazi;
• hoverflies ndi ena.

Othandiza achilengedwe ameneŵa amathandiza mlimi kukhala ndi kukula kwa madera zikwi zambiri aphid popanda kupopera mankhwala nthawi zonse ndi mankhwala.

Mankhwala a anthu:

• Chotsani ndi dzanja, kugwedezani, tizilombo ta madzi ndi madzi.
• Kuthira ndi yankho la sopo, nyumba kapena phula.
• Onjezerani koloko ya soda ku sopo wamadzi (supuni 1 koloko pa madzi okwanira 1 litre).
• Zomwezo, koma mmalo mwa soda, tengani zosakaniza zonunkhira: tsabola, mpiru, ndi sinamoni.
• 5 g wa madzi ammonia kapena 100 ml ya viniga wosakanizidwa mu madzi okwanira 1 litre.
• Onjezerani phulusa padothi.
• Sakanizani phulusa ndi madzi a sopo.
• Chowawa, celandine, nsonga za tomato (kapena tansy) ndi mbatata kutsanulira malita asanu a madzi. Mulole izo zikhale kwa masiku atatu. Ndiye wiritsani kwa ola limodzi ndikuwonjezera sopo.

Mukhozanso kugwiritsa ntchito boric acid, ammonia, mkaka, momwe madontho pang'ono a ayodini amawonjezeredwa. Maluwawo amafufuzidwa, kuyambira mu kasupe, pamene aphid yomwe yawonekera ndi yachilendo yogwira ntchito. Choyamba, iwo amakhala ndi nthawi ya masiku 5-10, ndiyeno - kamodzi pamwezi.

"Zovuta" zamagetsi ziyenera kusamutsidwa kokha ngati kuopsya kwa nsabwe za m'masamba kuli kwakukulu. Ziyenera kukumbukira kuti, pamodzi ndi tizilombo toononga, tizilombo tothandiza timakhudzidwa.

Zomwe zimayesedwa nthawi zina zimatha kutchedwa "Aktar", (komanso zida zina zomwe zimagwiritsira ntchito thiamethoxam ngati chinthu chogwira ntchito). Tizilombo timayambira pansi pazu, komwe imakwera pamwamba pa chomera. Tsopano maluwawo amatetezedwa mokwanira kwa masiku 40-50.

Kodi mungatani kuti muthane ndi kangaude?

Nkhumba zimakhala m'nthaka komanso m'munsi mwa masamba. Akukhala ndi magulu akuluakulu. Kujambula zithunzi kungakhale kosiyana:

• bulauni
• chikasu;
• zobiriwira

Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda sizingakhale zovuta kuziganizira, nthawi zambiri timayang'ana makapu ang'onoang'ono omwe amachoka. Lembani mazira kukhala abwino kwa zaka zisanu. Nkhumba zimatha mosavuta kuchoka ku chomera china kupita ku chimzake. Pobaya pamwamba pa tsamba, amadya masamba ake.

Nkhumba zimakhala zosagwirizana kwambiri ndi "chemistry", kotero kuti kumenyana nayo kumakhala ntchito yovuta.

1. Ndikofunika kudzipatula kachilombo toyambitsa matenda kuchokera ku zomera.
2. Konzani njira yothetsa zitsamba (kapena sopo).
3. Zomera, makamaka kutsogolo kwa masamba, zothira kwathunthu.
4. Iyenera kutsuka mphika, sill window.
5. Mite salola kuti chinyezi chitheke, choncho mutatha kukonza, muyenera kutsanulira maluwa ambirimbiri ndi kuphimba ndi thumba la pulasitiki.

Njira iyi ingathandize kuchepetsa chiwerengero cha zigawo.

Njira zina zotchuka kwambiri:

• Garlic adyo inaphatikizapo maola 24. Tengani 170 g wa zamkati mu madzi okwanira 1 litre.
• Amapatsa maola awiri dandelion. Tengani 30 g wa dandelion 1 lita imodzi ya madzi.
• Nthawi zina (mwachitsanzo, malo okhala ndi zipatso), mungagwiritse ntchito mankhwala, makamaka "Fitoverm" (analogue - "Kleschevit").
• Mankhwala atsopano "Sunmite" amawononga nkhuku mosavuta pa sitepe iliyonse ya chitukuko. Kuchotsa petunia kwa tizirombo, ola limodzi ndikwanira. Kukonzanso - mu masiku 30-40.

Kodi muyenera kuchita chiyani ngati ntchentche zoyera zikuwoneka?

Nthawi zina pa petunia (osati pokhapokha) mukhoza kuona tizilombo toyera ndi kukula kwa 1 mm. Amabisa kumbuyo kwa pepala kapena kudumpha pansi. Uwu ndi podura woyera, woimira zophika, zomwe mwachilengedwe zimaphatikizapo zikwi za mitundu. Amaika mazira mozama pafupifupi masentimita atatu.

Mankhwalawa amachititsa kuti maluwa asawonongeke, koma pamene mphika umatha, ukhoza kutenga mizu ndi mphukira. Pang'onopang'ono, petunia imayamba kupweteka ndi kufooketsa. Chomera choyenera cha suture choyera ndi nthaka yamadzi yomwe njira yoyamba imayambira.

Njira zovuta:

• Pambuyo pobwezeretsa boma labwino la kuthirira, mukhoza kutsanulira mchenga (miyala yaying'ono) mumphika ngati madzi okwera pamwamba.
• Njira yowonjezereka ndiyo kuchotsa masentimita 4-5 a nthaka, ndi mazira ndi mphutsi za tizilombo, ndi kuziika mmalo mwake.
• Mukhoza kusonkhanitsa ndi kuwononga nambala yambiri ya tizirombo, ndikuyika hafu ya mbatata mu mphika, kudula.
• Mwinanso, nthaka imadetsedwa ndi phulusa kapena kupewedwera mwadzidzidzi ndi yankho la potaziyamu permanganate (osati lakuda kuposa pinki!).
• Kuchokera ku "njira zopangidwira" zingakhale zothandiza zowonjezereka (fumana), ndi mbale kapena madzi.
• Sikofunikira kupereka maulendo - Raptor, Reid, Traditional Dichlorvos ndi Dichlorvos-neo. Nthaka imamasulidwa, amapanga "kofi" ya filimu, kutsanulira mankhwala oopsa pafupi ndi nthaka ndikuphimba ndi filimu kwa maola angapo.

Kodi mungagwirizane bwanji ndi whitefly?

Whiteflies ndi owopsa tizirombo ta petunias. Pachifukwa ichi, iwo sali otsika kwa nthata kapena kugwidwa.

Awa ndi agulugufe osaposa 1.8 mm kukula, ndi mapiko ngati kuti ali ndi ufa. Kutuluka mu dzira, mphutsi imadyetsa zomera, ndikuphimba ndi sera yapadera. Atataya zakudya, masambawo amatembenukira chikasu, kupiringa ndi kouma.

Zizindikiro zodabwitsa ndizojambula ndi zojambula za masamba.. Kukula kwa mphukira zazing'ono, monga lamulo, kumachepetsanso. Mofanana ndi nsabwe za m'masamba, whitefly excretions imakhala malo osakaniza a bowa wakuda, ndipo mawanga wakuda omwe amapanga pano amachititsa kuti maluwawo asawonongeke.

Kuphatikizana ndi maso a golide ndi anyaniwa, izi ndi zizindikiro za tizilombo toyambitsa matenda enkarzii ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda makrolofus. Zotsatira zina zingaperekedwe mwa kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa ndi adyo kapena kulowetsedwa kwa fodya, ndikuyika misampha pafupi ndi maluwa.

Zida zina zodalirika:

• Aktara;
• "Confidor", (kuphatikizapo zofanana ndi zosiyana ndi zina);
• "Akarin" (dzina lina "Agravertin");
• "Phwasani" (mwa kusintha kulikonse);
• "Actellic" (chifukwa cha poizoni - kokha pamsewu wamtunda).

Njira zothandizira

Chosemphana ndi njira ya tizirombo tingathe kuziyika mwanjira zambiri, ngati ziri nthawi zonse komanso nthawi:

• chithandizo cha nthaka (kutentha kapena mankhwala);
• kugula kwa substrate yapamwamba;
• kuthamanga (motsutsa ntchentche zakuda);
• ngalande, kumasula (motsutsana ndi blackflies);
• kuyendetsa bwino ulimi wothirira;
• kuwonongeka kwa nthiti (motsutsana ndi nsabwe za m'masamba);
• chiwonongeko cha masamba omwe ali ndi kachilomboka mu kugwa;
• kuyendera zomera nthawi zonse;
• "Kudzipatula" kwa zomera zomwe zimabweretsedwa kuchokera mumsewu kapena zogulidwa pamsika.

Pogwiritsa ntchito njira zothandizira, kuthirira bwino komanso kugwirizanitsa bwino mankhwala ndi mankhwala, zimatheka kuchepetsa chiwerengero cha tizilombo zomwe zingasokoneze thanzi la petunias.