Zonse zomwe mukufunikira kudziwa zokhudza streptocarpus chisamaliro, kulima, kubwezeretsa, kuswana ndi matenda a maluwa

Today streptokarpus wotchuka kwambiri pakati pa wamaluwa, chifukwa cha zosavuta za kusamalira ndi maonekedwe okongola. Komabe, ngakhale pakuoneka kophweka ndikofunikira kusunga miyezo yambiri kuti duwa likhale la thanzi ndikukondweretsa diso ndi mitundu yake yowala ndi masamba okondweretsa. Nkhaniyi idzayang'ana momwe angasamalire bwino mbewu, komanso kuti iphunzire zachinsinsi komanso zovuta za kubalana ndi kulima streptocarpus.

Kufotokozera

Streptokarpus ndi chitsamba chosatha cha banja la Gesneriyev. Mbali ya zomera ndi mawonekedwe a chipatso, okhala ndi mawonekedwe a bokosi la mbewu lopindika.

Masambawa akuphatikizidwa, amagawanika, amapanga rosette yomwe imakula. Maluwa streptokarpus akhoza kukhala a terry, awiri-awiri ndi osavuta, mitundu yosiyanasiyana. Kukula kwake kumasiyanasiyana ndi 2 mpaka 9 cm mwake. Zing'onozing'ono zazikulu za maluwa, zambiri za iwo pa maluwa amphuno. Nkhumba zimakhala ndi mawonekedwe osiyana ndi wavy kapena azungu.

Streptocarpus ikuphulika kuchokera ku kasupe mpaka kumapeto, ndipo pokhala ndi kuunika kwapamwamba, amatha kusangalatsa ndi maluwa awo chaka chonse.

Chithunzi

Yang'anani chithunzi cha duwa.

Kusamalira ndi kulima kunyumba

Kenaka werengani momwe mungamere chomera ndi momwe mungasamalire bwino.

Nthaka ndi feteleza

Streptokarpus amafuna nthaka yowonongeka, yosungunuka yomwe ili ndi aeration yabwino. Mungagwiritse ntchito nthaka yokonzedwa bwino poonjezera perlite ndi peat kwa izo, kapena mukhoza kuphika nokha malinga ndi imodzi mwa maphikidwe mwa kusakaniza:

• Gawo 2 la nthaka yosalala ndi gawo limodzi la peat ndi stove;
• zigawo zofanana za peat, perlite, sphagnum moss;
• magawo ofanana a hardwood humus, makungwa, peat ndi mchenga;
• peat ndi vermukit mofanana.

Wonjezerani makala ophwanyika ku nthaka yokonzekera yokonzedwa kuti muteteze zowola mizu.

Ndikofunikira! Nthaka iliyonse - yomwe idagulidwa kapena yokonzedwa nokha - iyenera kuyesedwa bwino kuti ichotse matenda omwe angatheke ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda.

M'chaka ndi nthawi yophukira, m'pofunika kupanga madzi ovuta feteleza masiku asanu ndi awiri. kwa zomera zamkati. Manyowa omwe ali ndi phosphorous ndi nayitrojeni ndi ofanana ndi zomera zachinyamata, komanso akuluakulu a phosphorous ndi potaziyamu.

Zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati mankhwala a feteleza, mwachitsanzo, 1 tbsp. supuni ya shuga, kusungunuka 0,5 malita. madzi (apange 1 nthawi pamwezi) kapena 1 tsp ya mafuta opangira lita imodzi. madzi (agwiritsireni ntchito pamene masamba amangiriridwa), kapena kugula mu mawonekedwe omaliza ("New ideal", "Fialochka", "Kemira-luxury"). M'nyengo yozizira, zomera sizimasowa manyowa. Pofuna kupewa kutentha kwa mizu, feteleza iyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito mu nthaka yonyowa.

Kuthirira

Madzi a ulimi wothirira ayenera kukhala ofewa, kutetezedwa kapena kutentha, kutentha.

Ngati streptokarpus sichidafuna madzi, maluwa ake amawombera, ndipo masamba amatha kutaya. Pankhaniyi, duwa sililoleza chinyezi chochuluka, izi zimayambitsa kuvunda kwa mizu. Imwani chomeracho chiyenera kukhala moyenera, monga kuyanika pakati pa nthaka yosanjikiza mu mphika.

Pali njira zingapo zowonjezera duwa:

• mu chipinda;
• pamphepete mwa mphika;
• pogwiritsa ntchito chingwe.

Ndikofunikira! Pothirira madzi m'pofunika kuwonetsa kuti kuthekera kwa madzi pamasamba.

Chinyezi

Kutentha kwapansi kwa mpweya n'koipa kuti chitukuko cha maluwa chikhale choipa. Ambiri optimal zizindikiro za chinyezi mlingo wa chipinda - 50-70%. Zida zamadzi ndi kupopera mankhwala nthawi zonse zimathandiza kuwathandiza.

Ndikofunika kupopera malo ozungulira mbewuyo, kupewa kutaya madzi kumbali ya mbeu yomwe ili pamwamba pa nthaka, pokhapokha pangakhale mawanga pa masamba, matenda ndi kuvunda.

Kutentha

Maluwawo amamva bwino mu chilimwe pamene kutentha kwa mpweya kumakhala + madigiri 20-25, ngati kamatuluka, m'pofunika kuwonjezera kutentha kwa mpweya. M'nyengo yozizira m'pofunika kusunga kutentha kwa 15-18 madigiri osiyanasiyana komanso 18-20 madigiri a mitundu yambiri. Chizindikiro chocheperachepera chovomerezeka - madigiri 15 a kutentha.

Ndikofunika kuteteza chomera kuchokera pazithunzi zomwe zimakhala zovulaza., musatenge maluwa kumsewu - amakhala omasuka m'nyumba za mkati.

Kudulira

Nthawi zonse kudulira, kuphatikizapo kuchotsedwa kwa masamba akale, omwe amatenga mphamvu ndi zakudya kuchokera ku chomera, kumachitika pofuna kupeza peduncles zambiri.

Kuunikira

Streptocarpus - zomera zokonda kwambiri, zomwe ziri zoyenera kuunikira ndi zachilengedwe. Malo abwino kwambiri a duwa ndiwindo lakum'maŵa kapena kumadzulo kwawindo, pawindo lakumwera chomeracho chiyenera kukhala shaded, chiteteze icho kuchokera kutentha. M'nyengo yozizira, ndi msinkhu wa masana, ndiwindo chabe lakumwera ndi kuunikira kwina kuli koyenera kwa streptokarpus.

Kodi ndi liti ndipo mungasinthe bwanji?

Streptokarpus amasiyana ndi mizu yapamwamba, mwamsanga mudzaze voliyumu yonse ya mphika, kotero kuikiranso kumafunika chaka chilichonse, koposa zonse - mu February, isanayambe nyengo ya kukula.

Ndikofunikira! Chomera chatsopano chiyenera kuperekedwa kwa masabata angapo kuti asinthe, pambuyo pake m'pofunika kuikanso, ngakhale ngati ikuphulika.

Pokumbukira kukula kofulumira kwa mizu, panthawi yopatsirizidwa ndibwino kuti pakhale malo okwanira.

Kujambula:

1. kutsanulira madzi kuchokera ku dongo, miyala yambiri kapena vermiculite pansi pa mphika;
2. kuchokera pamwamba kutsanulira nthaka;
3. Chotsani maluwa mosamala kuchoka ku mphika wakale ndikuyeretsa mizu ya zitsamba zapadziko lapansi;
4. ngati kuli kotheka, mukhoza kugawanitsa chitsamba ku zigawo zingapo ndikuchotsani mbali zonse zowonongeka mwa kuwaza magawo odulidwa ndi antiseptic;
5. ikani maluwa mu chidebe chatsopano ndikuwaza ndi nthaka kuti masamba omwe akukula ndi masamba akuwoneka pamwamba;
6. kusinthasintha pang'ono, kuphatikizapo kukhalapo kwa voids;
7. mkati mwa masabata awiri mutatha kuziika kuti mupange kuthirira pamwamba, ndiyeno - pansi.

Phika la chomera liyenera kusankhidwa lonse ndi losazama, zomwe ziyenera kukhala pulasitiki. Chotsani chilichonse chatsopano chiyenera kukhala lalikulu masentimita 1-3 kuposa kale.

Kukula ndi kukhala pansi

Kuti kulima ndi kubzala bwino kwa chomera ndikofunikira kusunga zinthu zingapo:

1. mutagula, dikirani masiku 14 ndipo mutangotenga maluwa mu mphika wa pulasitiki;
2. Bzalani mphukira zazing'ono mu miphika yopanda madzi kuti mupeze maluwa obiriwira ndi kumanga zobiriwira - zoonjezera zowonjezera pa streptokarpus, m'pamene padzakhala peduncles;
3. Mitengo yachinyamata imakula choyamba kubiriwira mobiriwira, ndipo kenako pachimake, maluwawo amaoneka kuti akudulidwa;
4. Ndikofunika kusunga chinyezi ndi kutentha kwa mpweya woyenera pa chomera, kuti apereke kuchuluka kwa kuwala ndi chinyezi.

Kugona makanda streptokarpus:

1. Mphukira yachinyamata akulekanitsidwa ndi kholo chomera ndipo akukhala padera;
2. simukufunika kuti mubzalane mwamsanga poto, choncho nthawi yomweyo mbewuyo idzayamba kuwonjezereka maluwa ndi maluwa sizidzachitika;
3. m'pofunika kuti pang'onopang'ono musunthire streptocarpus kuchokera ku chidebe chaching'ono mpaka chachikulu, mpaka nthawi yoti mubzalidwe m'phika losatha.

Zofalitsa za mbewu

Kubereka kwachibadwa ndi njira yophweka, koma imafuna malangizo awa:

1. Mbeu ziyenera kufesedwa pamwamba pa nthaka yonyowa yokhala ndi perlite, peat yosweka ndi vermiculite yosakanizidwa mu magawo ofanana;
2. Chomera chimatha kusakanizidwa ndi mchenga wouma bwino;
3. pamene mbewu zifesedwa, zimayenera kupopedwa ndi madzi kuchokera mu botolo la kutsitsi;
4. Phimbani chidebe ndi mbande ndi pulasitiki kapena thumba ndi malo pamalo otentha ndi ofunika;
5. tsiku ndi tsiku mpweya wowonjezera kuteteza kuchepa.

Kuwombera kumawonekera pambuyo pa masiku 12-14, Pambuyo pa mapepala awiri akuwoneka pa iwo, chisankho chiyenera kuchitidwa.. Izi zidzafuna nthaka yothirira yokhala ndi peat, osweka moss, masamba padziko lapansi, vermiculite, perlite (chiŵerengero 3: 2: 2: 1: 1).

Matenda a Flower ndi mankhwala awo

Kawirikawiri streptokarpus imadziwika ndi matenda awa:

• Sulfuric zowola. Matendawa amayamba chifukwa cha nthawi yaitali yachitsamba ndi dothi komanso kutentha. Kuwonetsedwa ndi imvi yofiira pachimake pa masamba, mmalo mwa mabowo omwe amawonekera pakapita nthawi. Malo onse okhudzidwa a tsambali ayenera kuchotsedwa.
• Mame a Mealy. Matendawa ndi osavuta kudziwa ndi maluwa oyera omwe amapangidwa pamaluwa, masamba ndi peduncles. Pewani matendawa pogwiritsira ntchito mpweya wabwino mu chipinda.

Tizilombo zotsatirazi ndizoopsa pa duwa:

• Aphid Tizilombo tating'onoting'ono ta mtundu wobiriwira kapena lalanje komanso timadya zomera. Izi zimatulutsa mofulumira. Nsabwe za m'masamba zimapangitsa maonekedwe a chinyezi kukhala owonjezera kapena, mosiyana, kuuma kwambiri.
• Mealybug Mbalame za tizilombo timapanga zoyera, kuti tizimenyana nazo, monga nsabwe za m'masamba, si zophweka.
• Weevil. Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tili ndi thupi lakuda komanso mutu wakuthwa, timakhala mphutsi pafupi ndi tsinde. Tizilombo timadya masamba a chomera, zomwe zimawatsogolera ku chiwombankhanga ndi kufa.
• Scyriad kutsogolo. Tizilombo timayambira pansi ndikudya mizu yaing'onoting'ono, motero kuwononga mizu yonse.
• Kupuma. Kukula kwa tizilombo timeneti ndi 2 mm, kumataya mawanga otumbululuka pa maluwa, kumayambitsa mungu. Zili zovuta kuzipeza, zidzawoneka ngati mutagwedeza duwa papepala.

Pamene mukusamalira streptokarpus, m'pofunika kuyika khama lokwanira kuti mukwaniritse zofunikira zonse kuti chitukuko chitukulire bwino ndikukula bwino. Komabe, onse amalipira pamene chomeracho chimabweza mlimi wathanzi, wokhala ndi maluwa ochuluka komanso obiriwira.