Maluwa okongola opanda kukula - zingatheke bwanji komanso chochita chiyani?

Chiwerengero chokwanira cha masamba akuluakulu okhwima bwino ndi chikhalidwe chofunika kwambiri pa maluwa okongola a nthawi iliyonse.

Kukula kwa zamasamba kwa oimira a banja lino kumachitika m'gulu lachitsulo, lomwe limatchedwa kukula, ndipo silingatheke ngati litawonongeka kapena palibe. Komabe, kuthetsa kwathunthu kwa kukula sikutanthauza chiganizo cha mbewu.

Ndi chiyani?

Maluwa otchedwa orchid kukula ndi mbali ya mtengo, ndipo amapereka mphukira zatsopano, mizu yambiri ndi maluwa.

Maonekedwe ndi malo

Kodi kukula kukuwoneka bwanji ndipo ndi chiyani? Gawoli limakhala pamtunda pakati pa masamba apamwamba a rosette. Pakati pa nyengo yolima, kukula kwake kukuwoneka ngati mphukira za mtundu wobiriwira womwe uli pamwamba pa rosette.

Chithunzi

Kuwonjezera pa chithunzicho mudzawona chomwe kukula kwa duwa kumawoneka ngati:

Ntchito

Kawirikawiri mumkhalidwe wa wowonjezera kutentha kumakhala ndi orchid mtundu wokha (phalaenopsis kapena Wanda), lodziwika ndi kukhalapo kwa chinthu chimodzi chokula. Masamba a orchids ameneŵa amapangidwa mosiyana, kumakhala malo otsutsana ndikupanga rosette.

Pakati pa zamasamba za zomera, kukula kwake kumapanga masamba atsopano, komanso mizu yofunikira ya axial kuti zakudya zamaluwa zikhale bwino.

Kuchokera kumalo atsopano a mapepala atsopano amaoneka ndi mapesi a maluwa. Ngati atayika kapena kuwonongeka kwa apical ya mtengo, orchid imasiya kukula, ndipo nthawi zina imamwalira popanda gawo ili.

Kodi pali chomera chopanda pamwamba?

Kodi pali zomera popanda pamwamba ndi choti achite pamene apeza vuto? Mankhwala a orchid popanda chomera ichi sichipezeka. Komabe, oimirira a banja omwe ali owonongeka kapena otayika kwambiri omwe akupezekapo amapezeka nthawi zambiri. Pamaso pa milandu yotereyi, mukhoza kusunga zomera kuchokera ku imfa, komanso chiyembekezo cha chitukuko chake ndi mawonekedwe a peduncles. Tiyeni tipende mwatsatanetsatane.

Zizindikiro zosakhalapo

Kulephera kwa kukula kwa mtengo wa orchid kungathe kuweruzidwa ndi zotsatirazi:

• Chidutswa cha chomera kulibe kwathunthu, ndipo m'malo mwake ndi "chitsa" chochiritsidwa.
• Machimo apamwamba zakhudzidwa ndi zowola kapena bowa.
• Masamba apamwamba ma orchid amauma kapena amawoneka achikasu, ndipo kukula kwatsopano sikunapangidwe.

Zifukwa

Pambuyo popeza zizindikirozi pamwambapa, m'pofunikira kudziwa chomwe chimayambitsa vutoli. Monga lamulo, kukula kwake kungawonongeke kapena kutayika kwathunthu chifukwa cha:

• Kutentha kwa dzuwazomwe zimatha kuwononga mphukira za apical ndi masamba.
• Mankhwala amawonongeka (mwachitsanzo, chifukwa cha miphika yakugwa ndi chomera).
• Kutembenuza. Monga lamulo, kuvunda pazitsamba kukukula kumagwirizanitsa ndi kuchepa kwa nthawi yaitali ndi nthawi zonse mu tsamba axils.
• Mafinya kapena mabakiteriya, chiyambi chake chingagwirizane ndi kuphwanya malamulo a kukonzanso orchid, komanso kukhalapo kwawo panthawi yogula mbewu.
• Zitsuloi.e. kuyambira kwa peduncle kuchokera pamwamba pa malo pomwe malo ofunikira ayenera kukhalapo (monga lamulo, amavomereza mu zitsanzo za Dutch). Pankhaniyi, imayesetsabe kulimbikitsa kukwera kwachitukuko chatsopano pogwiritsa ntchito impso zatsopano ndi kukonzekera mahomoni.

Kusakhalapo kapena kuwonongeka kwa kukula kwake sikutanthauza chiganizo kwa anthu a mtundu wa orchid chifukwa cha mphamvu zawo zachilengedwe. Choncho, kupeza mavuto ndi chiweto chobiriwira, muyenera kuyesetsa kuthetseratu zonsezi.

Nanga bwanji ngati palibe maziko a mphukira?

Palibe chifukwa chomveka

Ngati palibe chowonongeka chowoneka mu malo omwe ali pamtunda, koma kusowa kwa mbeu mu msinkhu wa nyengo yokula kumalongosola mavuto ndi kukula kwake, muyenera kusintha kusintha kwa mbeu:

• Sinthani njira yowala (konzani kuunikira, kusintha malo a poto).
• Sinthani mawonekedwe a kuthiriramwa kuthira chomera m'madzi ofunda pamene dothi luma.
• Yesetsani "kusangalala" ndi orchid kukonzekera kusamba m'madzi otentha kapena nthawi yochepa yozizira m'nyengo yozizira (osati m'munsi mwa 10 ° С).

Masamba amafa kapena pali kuwonongeka kwa mawonekedwe.

Ngati kuwonongeka kwa kukula sikudziwonekere, koma masamba omwe ali pambali pake afa kapena afa kale, chotsani ndi mpeni ndi kuwaza zigawo ndi phulusa kapena sinamoni yokhala ndi phulusa yokonzera mankhwala.

Zowonjezereka, maluwawa atamasulidwa ku mbali zomwe zakhudzidwa ndi chida chachitetezo chimene chawatsogolera, chimayamba kukula, chikukondwera ndi masamba atsopano, ndipo posakhalitsa kuika mapesi a maluwa.

Zochita zofananamo ziyenera kuchitidwa ngati zowonongeka kwa zomera ndi panthawi yayitali yopita patsogolo. Mbalame zowopsya kumalo okulirapo zikudulidwa mosamala. ndi kupangidwa mankhwala opangidwa ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda. Pambuyo pa opaleshoniyi, chomerachi chiyenera kukhazikitsa kukula kwatsopano ndikupitiriza kukula muzolowera.

Musanachotse mbali iliyonse ya orchid, m'pofunika kuti muzimitsa mankhwalawa mwa kuwuponya mumadzi otentha kapena kuwapaka pamoto wotentha. Kupukuta mpeni ndi zakumwa zachipatala kapena mankhwala ena oledzeretsa oledzeretsa ndi abwino.

Chomera chomera

Chifukwa chofala kwambiri cha kuwonongeka kwa kukula kwa orchids ndicho kuvunda kwake chifukwa cha kuthirira kosayenera.

Mankhwala a orchids samalola kusamba kwa madzi kwa nthawi yayitali, nthawi yomweyo akuyankha zowola kwambiri. Mphukira yaing'ono yapamwamba pamwamba pa chiguduli imakhala yotengeka kwambiri ndi njirayi.

Ngati mphamvu ya chinyezi inaphwanyidwa, ndipo kukula kwake kunayamba kuvunda, nkofunika:

1. Chotsani chodabwitsa cha chomeracho ndi mpeni (ngati zowola zafalikira mkatikati mwa pepala lamasitomala, malo okhudzidwawo ayenera kudulidwa kwathunthu ku mbali ya masamba obiriwira, mwinamwake kuvunda kudzapitirira ndipo orchid idzafa).
2. Mitengo iyenera kuchitidwa ndi mapangidwe apadera oteteza tizilombo toyambitsa matenda (posakhalapo, ophwanyidwa opangidwa ndi carbon, nthaka sinamoni, komanso njira yothetsera zobiriwira zobiriwira kapena ayodini).
3. Dikirani mpaka madera odulidwawo auma.
4. Tengani chomera ndi nthaka kuzungulira ndi mwapadera wokonzekera mkuwa (mwachitsanzo, Brodsky madzi).
5. Ndondomeko ya disinfection iyenera kubwerezedwa 2-3 nthawi ndi nthawi ya masiku 15.

Ngati kuwonongeka kwa orchid kunayambitsidwa ndi kuvunda wakuda, ndizosatheka kuchiza chomeracho. Komanso, matenda amtundu uwu ndi owopsa kwambiri kwa zomera zoyandikana ndi zojambulazo. Choncho, chinthu choyenera kwambiri pozindikira kuvunda wakuda pa orchid chidzakhala kuchotsedwa kwathunthu kuchoka kumsonkhanowu, komanso chithandizo cha zobiriwira "oyandikana" ndi zokonzekera zamkuwa zomwe zimakonzedwa kuti zisachitike.

Ngati zitsanzo zomwe tafotokozazi zathandiza kuchepetsa kuwonongeka, Ndikofunika kupereka chomeracho ndi zinthu zabwino kuti zisungidwe ndipo nthawi zonse mufufuze kuti yowonongeka. Mankhwala ochiritsidwa bwino omwe ali ndi 80% angapangitse kukula kwatsopano ndipo adzapitiriza kukula bwino, ndipo potsirizira pake adzaphuka.

Timapereka kuwonera kanema pazowola kukula kwa ma orchids:

Pali matenda a fungal

Ngati chifukwa cha kukula ndi matenda a fungal, muyenera:

1. Fufuzani mosamala mbewu kuti mukhalepo ndi zilonda zonse za bowa.
2. Chotsani malo okhudzidwawo mpaka mbali ya masamba obiriwira.
3. Fukulani magawo ndi mankhwala ophera tizilombo toyambitsa matenda ndikuwatseni.
4. Gwiritsani ntchito chomera chonse ndi nthaka mu mphika wake ndi mankhwala a 0.2% Readzol, Topsin kapena othandizira ena omwe amadziwika bwino ndi ma orchids.
5. Koperani kawiri kawiri ndi masiku 10-14.
6. Onetsetsani mosamala kuthekera kwa zilonda zatsopano.

Ngati bowa amadziwika ngakhale maluwa ambiri asanakhalepo, Orchid ali ndi mwayi wonse woti apitirize kukula mwakhama. ndipo zimakondweretsa maonekedwe a peduncles.

Ngakhale ngati kuwonongeka kwakukulu, orchid imatha kubwezeretsa kukula kwake, kuigwiritsa ntchito pamalo osungira mbeu kapena mazira, choncho musamalembere mwamsanga chomera chimene chadwala matendawa ndipo chaleka kukula. Kulimbikitsa kusinthika kwa impso kumathandiza mankhwala apadera a hormonal, mwachitsanzo, cytokinin phala.

Kupewa

Njira yabwino kwambiri yolepheretsa kuwonongeka kwa maluwa a orchid ndiko kusamalira bwino mbewuyo kuchokera pa miniti yoyamba yomwe imaonekera maluwa. Malingaliro omwewo ndi othandiza kuti akonzedwe bwino ndi zomera zowonongeka.

Kotero, kuti kulima ma orchid mu zochitika za mnyumba ndikofunikira:

• Pezani chomera kumadzulo kapena kum'maŵa. Pokhapokha ngati palibe mwayi wokonza zowonjezereka kumbali yakum'mwera kapena kuunikira kwina pazenera la kumpoto.
• Penyani ulamuliro woyenera wa kutentha: nthawi ya kukula, kutentha kwa madigiri 22 ndi kofunika, pamene panthawi yopumula zinthu zimakhala zozizira, koma osati pansi pa 10 ° C.
• Tetezani chomera kuchokera ku zojambula (kuphatikizapo kuchokera ku mpweya wabwino).
• Pitirizani kukhala ndi chinyezi pa 50-60% mwa kupopera mankhwala nthawi zonse, komanso kuonetsetsa kuti chitetezo cha maluwa chimasungidwa poyendetsa mpweya pafupi ndi radiator.
• Imwani ma orchid iliyonse 7-10 poyika miphika m'madzi otentha kwa mphindi 15-30.

  Pakati pa "kusamba" nthaka mu mphika iyenera kuuma.

• Ngati pambuyo pa ulimi wothirira pansi pa mfuti, chinyezi m'madzi sichimauma kwa mphindi zoposa 30, ndikofunika kuzilandira mothandizidwa ndi disk kapena chotupa cha thonje.
• Nthawi zonse (koma osati kale kuposa miyezi 1-2 mutatha mankhwala kapena kuika) kuti mugwiritse ntchito mchere wothirira mchere.

Maluwa a orchid amawoneka ngati chomera komanso chopanda phindu. Komabe, izi ndi zoona zokhazokha pokhazikitsa bungwe labwino kwa maluwa ake. Kawirikawiri, ma orchids ali ndi mphamvu zambiri ndipo amatha kuchira ndi kutaya kwathunthu kwa kukula kwake. ndipo mupatseni mbuye wanu mwayi watsopano woganizira ndi kusinkhasinkha masamba atsopano.