Orchid ndi kunyada ndi maloto a wolima aliyense. Maluwa okongola awa ndi a gulu la epiphytic ndipo amafuna chisamaliro chapadera.
Kusamala kwakukulu kuyenera kulipidwa kwa masamba a chomera chachilendo. Ndipotu, amachita nawo mbali pa ntchito yofunikira ya chikhalidwe chazitentha.
Choncho, ndikofunika kudziwa momwe mungaperekere bwino pa kukula kwa masamba a orchid.
Chotsani zamoyo
Kuzungulira kwa moyo wa orchid, monga chomera china chiri chonse, chimakhala ndi nthawi ziwiri - kukula ndi kupumula. Nthawi yawo imadalira chilengedwe.
Chikhalidwe chosasangalatsa chimakhala ndi magawo awiri a mpumulo - mpumulo wa zamoyo ndi kupanikizika. Pamene mphukira yatsopano imakula, maluwawo amachititsa kuti pakhale mpata wopuma. Pa nthawi ino, orchid imakula, kukula ndi kukula maluwa ndipo nthawi zina maluwa amaikidwa ndi kupangidwa. Pambuyo pomaliza ntchitoyi, chomera chamkati chimakonzeka kukula.
Ndikofunikira! Ngati zinthu zina sizikugwirizana - kutentha, chinyezi, kuunikira, ndi zina zotero, ndiye kuti duwa limaloŵa mu mpumulo, kuyembekezera kuti zinthu zikhale bwino bwino, masamba ndi maluwa.
Masamba ndi ofunika kwambiri pa chikhalidwe cha epiphytic. Chifukwa cha mbale zam'madzi ndi ma rhizomes, orchids amasunga madzi okwanira, amasanduka chinyezi ndipo amalandira zakudya zowonjezera. Pochita kupuma kwa photosynthesis masamba amachitanso mbali yofunikira.
Mapangidwe a masamba amadalira malo okhala osasangalatsa. Maluwa a orchids omwe amakula m'madera ouma amakhala ndi masamba obiriwira komanso amchere. Maluwa amakula mu dzuwa lowala, atulutsa masamba, ndipo mumthunzi - woonda, wophimbidwa.
Kusanthula kwa masamba
Tsamba labwino la orchid liri ndi mphamvu, yowuma ndipo imakhala pamtunda. Mtundu wambiri wa masamba a mbewu imeneyi ndi mthunzi wobiriwira. Koma masamba a oimira ambiri a orchid ali ndi mtundu wosiyana.
Mitundu ina ya zikhalidwe zachilendo imakula mwakuya chifukwa cha kukongoletsa kwa masamba, ndipo ma inflorescences awo sali okongola. Mwachitsanzo, anectochilus, kutaya magazi, makodes. Kawirikawiri amatchedwa "orchid yamtengo wapatali" kapena "variegated jewels".
Ndi mtundu wanji womwe ukuonedwa kukhala wopatuka kuchokera ku chizolowezi?
- Kusiyanitsa kulikonse ku mtundu wobiriwira kapena motley ndi chizindikiro cha matenda a pakhomo.
- Mtundu wakuda ukhoza kusonyeza kuti wilting kapena drying of masamba, chisamaliro chosayenera kapena overdose ndi mchere feteleza.
- Mtundu wofiirira ndi chizindikiro cha kuwonongeka kwa masamba ndi dzuwa.
- Kuwala mopambanitsa kumasonyezedwa ndi mthunzi wofiira, wofiirira wa masamba.
- Mdima wakuda kapena masamba akuda amasonyeza matenda opatsirana a duwa, mwachitsanzo, kuvunda.
Zosavuta kapena zovuta?
Masamba a orchid ndi osavuta, osakaniza. Mbewu iliyonse yotentha ikhoza kukhala nayo imodzi kapena ingapo ya iwo. Kwenikweni iwo ali okhwima kwathunthu. Tsamba la masamba m'maluwa ndi losavuta, malo ozungulira.
Kodi duwa ndi lotani?
Maluwa ambiri am'maluwa amakhala ndi mzere wa masamba awiri, omwe amasintha masamba.
Ndi angati omwe ayenera kukhalapo?
HMbalame yamaluwa yokongola, yobiriwira yamaluwa imakhala ndi masamba okongola, obiriwira, okongola. Masamba apansi amakula, amatembenukira chikasu ndi owuma chifukwa cha momwe thupi limayendera. Mmalo mwa iwo, mphukira yachinyamata imapezeka kuchokera ku chingwe. Chiwerengero cha masamba chimadalira mtundu wa orchid. Mwachitsanzo, Phalaenopsis, kwa chaka, ayenera kuwonjezeka pafupifupi masamba 2-3.
Chithunzi
Tikukupemphani kuti mudziwe zomwe masamba a orchid amawoneka pa chithunzi.
Chisamaliro
Kunyumba, chomera chotentha chimasowa chisamaliro chapadera.
Ndikofunikira! Masamba okongola okongola ayenera kutsukidwa nthawi zonse ndi nsalu yonyowa, kuchotsa fumbi. Duwa liyenera kupopedwa - makamaka kasanu pa tsiku, kupatula nthawi ya maluwa.
Madzi okwanira akulimbikitsidwa kuti agwiritse ntchito opendedwa, oyera, ndi kutentha kwa 35-40ºС. Orchids ngati chinyezi, makamaka 50-60%. Kuyika miphika ya maluwa sikunakonzedwe kumbali ya dzuwa. Dzuŵa lokha limatha kuchoka pamoto.
Mlungu uliwonse ndi kofunikira kuyendera masamba kuti awononge tizilombo.
Zikhoza kuthetsa mavuto
Pa masamba a chikhalidwe chachilendo ayenera kumvetsera mwatcheru. Matenda osiyanasiyana amathandizidwa nawo. Wouluka komanso wopanda moyo - chizindikiro chodziwikiratu cha chisamaliro chosayenera.
Rotani
Matenda ena amachititsa kusintha kwa mtundu wa tsamba la tsamba. Poyamba tizilombo tating'onoting'ono tiwoneke, ndiye masamba atenga mthunzi wofiira kapena wofiira - ndiwola. Pankhaniyi, m'pofunika kudula malo oonongeka ndi mpeni, kupukuta mabala ndi wosweka ndi malasha ndikuchiza chomeracho ndi mkuwa wodula.
Anthracnose
Zochepa, zozungulira, zofiira zofiira ndi chizindikiro cha kutuluka. Malo amdima amayamba kukhala akuda ndipo amapanga mano. Mukamathamanga, pachimake chokasu kapena chikasu chingapangidwe. Kawirikawiri matendawa amayambitsidwa ndi kutentha kwambiri kwa mpweya ndi madzi omwe amapezeka m'mabasi a tsamba.
Madera okhudzidwa ayenera kudula ndi kutenthedwa. Kudula malo ayenera kuperekedwa ndi makala kapena phulusa. Katatu ndi kupuma kwa masiku 10 muyenera kuyendetsa maluwa omwe ali ndi mankhwala. Kenaka kuchepetsa kuthirira ndi kusiya kudya.
Mame a Mealy
White scurf pa masamba ndi masamba amasonyeza kuti kupesa kwadothi kumakhudzidwa ndi powdery mildew. Pambuyo pake, malo owonongeka ayamba kuuma, ndipo posakhalitsa zomera zimatha maluwa kufa. Amapereka mphamvu zowonjezera kutentha - kutentha kwambiri ndi kutentha kwakukulu. Chithandizo chiyenera kuyamba mwamsanga. Njira yothetsera sulfure ndi mankhwalawa Scor kapena Topsin-M amamenyedwa bwino ndi powdery mildew.
Frostbite
Zojambula ndi kutentha kutentha zimayambitsa kuzizira. Pachifukwa ichi, masamba adakulungidwa mu rag. Kuti asakhale ndi zowola zowonongeka.
Masamba a orchid wobiriwira wonyezimira wokhala ndi sera yapamwamba palibe madontho kapena kuwonongeka. Kusiyanitsa kulikonse kuchokera ku ndondomekoyi ndi umboni wakuti chomeracho sichili bwino kapena chimakhudzidwa kwambiri ndi matendawa.
